The Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded:
- the highest award of the USSR-Ordden Lenin;
- Sign of special differences - the medal "Golden Star";
- Mrink of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

In honor of the Hero of the Soviet Union awarded 2, the "Golden Star" medal was built by a bronze bust of the hero with an appropriate inscription, which was established in his homeland.

The medal "Golden Star" Hero of the Soviet Union was on the left side of the breast over and the USSR. The medal "Golden Star" is from itself five-pointed star With smooth cough rays on the front side. The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface and is limited to the silhouette with a protruding narrow rim. On the back of the medal in the center of the medal placed the inscription by the convex letters "Hero of the USSR".

This USSR medal is made of 950 sample gold. The cooler of the medal is made of silver. On September 18, 1975, gold content in the medal of 20.521 ± 0.903 grams, silver content of 12,186 ± 0.927 grams. The weight of the medal in the absence of the pad is 21.5 grams. The total weight of the medal - 34.264 ± 1.5 g.

The title Hero of the Soviet Union was established by the Decree of the USSR CEC dated April 16, 1934. The resolution was established that the "Heroes of the Soviet Union are distinguished by a distinctive grad." There were no other attributes and signs of distinguishing the heroes of the Soviet Union.

The provision on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was established on July 29, 1936. It introduced the procedure for presenting the heroes of the Soviet Union in addition to the diplomas of the CEC, and the Order of Lenin - the highest award of the USSR. They received it in the back of them and those whom the title of Hero was assigned to the exit of this resolution, they had 11 people. FROM this stage All heroes of the Soviet Union received almost the collapse of the USSR in 1991.

On August 1, 1939, the Medal "Hero of the Soviet Union" is established, which is awarded simultaneously with the assignment of the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the presentation of the Order of Lenin. The issuance of medals "Golden Star" was carried out similar to those persons who were assigned to the establishment of this medal.

On July 21, 1942, all fighters of fighters of tanks from the 1075th regiment of the 316th rifle division of Major Panfilov General Panfilov became the heroes. 27 warriors, led by the political officer Klochekov, the price of life was stopped at the Dubosek's office, the advanced tank parts of the Germans, ripped into Volokolamsky highway. All his title was assigned posthumously, but then five of them were alive and got "Golden Stars".

On May 18, 1943, the title of GSS was awarded all the fighters of the platoon of Lieutenant Shironin P.N. Of the 78th Guards Rifle Shelf of the 25th Guards Rifle Division General Shafarenko P.M. From March 2, 1943, for five days, the platoon reinforced with a 45-mm tool, defended the railway crossing about the village of Taranovka south of Kharkov and repeated the feat of Panfilovtsev. The enemy lost 11 units of armored vehicles and up to hundreds of soldiers. When other divisions approached the "Schironinians" revenue, only six heroes remained alive, including a serious commander. All 25 platoon fighters were awarded the title of GSS.

On April 2, 1945, the last for the great Patriotic War Assigning the title of GSS to the entire personnel of one unit. On March 28, 1944, with the liberation of the city of Nikolaev, the heroic feat was made by 67 soldiers of the landing squad (55 sailors and 12 soldiers), headed by the Senior Lieutenant Olshansky K.F. And his deputy on the politicism of the captain Golovyev A.F. The landing was landed in the Nikolaev port to facilitate the take city of the upcoming parts. Against the paratroopers, the Germans were thrown 3 infantry battalion with the support of the 4th tanks and artillery. The approach of the main forces died 55 people from 67, but the paratroopers managed to destroy about 700 fascists, 2 tanks and 4 guns. The title of GSS was awarded to all the dead and remaining paratroopers. In addition to paratroopers, the conductor also fought the conductor as part of the detachment, but, he was assigned the title of hero only after 20 years.

Former head of the Operational Department of the General Staff Soviet army Marshal Shtemenko cites such data: for the feats during the Great Patriotic War of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (as of September 1, 1948), 11603 people were honored, 98 people were honored twice, and three times - three.

GSS Guard Captain Deputies K.I. (1889-1978) - commander of the folk militia squadron of the 41st Guards Cavalry Regiment of the 11th Guards cavalry Division The 5th Guards Cavalry Corps of the North Caucasus Front. Member of the 1st World and Civil War. Full Georgievsky Kavaler. The golden star of the hero was wary with St. George crosses.

Of all the title titles of the Hero of the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War and the war with Japan, the largest lightest amount was the fighters of the ground forces - over 8 thousand (1800 artilleryrs, 1142 tanker, 650 sappers, more than 290 conveyors and 52 soldiers of the rear). It should be said In 1944, decrees about awarding the navigator of the fighter airmaker Major Gulaeva N.D. The third "Golden Star", and some other pilots, the second "Golden Star", but none of them received awards because of the debach, arranged by them at the Moscow restaurant on the eve of receiving awards. These decrees were canceled.
The number of heroes of warriors of the Air Force - about 2400 people.
In the Navy, the title of Hero received 513 people (including sea pilots and marine fighters who fought on the shore).
From among border guards, fighters internal troops And security troops - over 150 heroes of the Soviet Union.
GSS titles are awarded 234 partisans.
Among the heroes of the Soviet Union, more than 90 representatives of weak gender. More than half of them are awarded the title of GSS posthumously.
From among all the heroes of the Soviet Union, 35% were the individuals of the ordinary and sergeant composition (soldiers, sailors, sergeants and elders), 61% - officers and 3.3% (380 people) - generals, admirals and marshals.
By national composition The bulk of the heroes was Russian - 7998 people; Ukrainians - 2021 people, Belarusians - 299, Tatars - 161, Jews - 107, Kazakhs - 96, Georgians - 90, Armenians - 89, Uzbekov - 67, Mordvin - 63, Chuvash - 45, Azerbaijanis - 43, Bashkir - 38, Ossetian - 31, Mariers - 18, Turkmen - 16, Lithuanians - 15, Tajiks - 15, Latvians - 12, Kyrgyz - 12, Komi - 10, Udmurts - 10, Estonians -9, Karelov - 8, Kalmykov - 8, Kabardians - 6 , Adygei - 6, Abkhaz residents - 4, Yakutov - 2, Moldovan - 2, Tuwinets - 1, etc.

On August 1, 1939, the "Hero of the Soviet Union" medal was established, but no one was awarded it. On October 16, 1939, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Medal "Hero of the Soviet Union" received a new name - "Golden Star". The same decree was approved by the drawing and description of the medals, made on the project of the artist I. I. Dubasov. The medal has been made of gold in the form of a five-pointed star. The rays of the stars are two-man. On the back side - the inscription "Hero of the USSR" and the medal number. Introduced late Order Ribbon - red, 20 mm width.

Everyone who until October 16, 1939 was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, were awarded a new medal. According to the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Council of the USSR, persons awarded two medals "Golden Star", a bronze bust was to be built in their homeland. Three times the heroes of the Soviet Union, except for the three "gold stars" and the bust in their homeland, were honored with a bronze bust in the form of a column installed in Moscow. However, this point was not fulfilled, and not a single column in Moscow and did not appear, although the studies of the Heroes of the Soviet Union were added to the annals of the history of Fatherland. It is impossible to say confidently, who from Soviet soldiers on June 22, 1941 first made a feat, for which he was later awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. It could be Major P. M. Gavrilov, headed by defense Brest Fortress, and border guards of many of the western borders of our country.

The border guards of the 5th outpost on the river Prut alone came into battle with the fascists in the morning of June 22 and in two days, 11 enemy attacks were abandoned. By the end of the third day, the remaining border guards were forced to retreat. However, at night, a small group of our fighters snuck into the rear, destroyed enemy security and blew up railroad bridge. Throw ones - Lieutenant A. K. Konstantinov, the younger Sergeant V. F. Mikhalkov and Sergeant I. D. Buzitskov - was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. The first heroes could also be border guards - lieutenants A. V. Lopatin and A. V. Ryzhikov. On June 24, 1941, the Pravda newspaper wrote about the fights at the border: "The immortal glory covered themselves ... Fighters-Chekisti ... They were fought in a handful, and only through the dead of their bodies could the enemy to move forward."

The deputy political officer of the 7th borderproof of the 90th frontier of the V. V. Petrov after a five-hour battle remains to cover the waste of his comrades. He was seriously injured, but continued to shoot. And when the cartridges ended, the last garnet blew himself and surrounding his fascists. The first in the Great Patriotic War of the title Hero of the Soviet Union was officially awarded (by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 8, 1941) three pilots. Fighter pilot Junior Lieutenant S. I. Heptie struggled with the enemy until the cartridges ended, and then rammed the German bomber, rushing to Leningrad. Two days later, his feat repeated the pilots of M. P. Zhukov and P. T. Kharitonov. The first hero of the Soviet Union in ground forces The commander of the 1st motorized rifle division of the 20th Army Colonel Ya. G. Crazer. On June 30, 1941, his division ranked defense on the eastern bank of Berezina and for three days destroyed 3 thousand soldiers and opponent officers and about 70tants. The first hero of the seafarer with Tal Assistant Commander of the platoon, Senior Sergeant V. P. Kislyakov, distinguished in July 1941 when landing the landing in the Western Persian area. On July 22, 1941, for the first time since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the second medal "Golden Star" occurred. Her cavalier posthumously became the pilot Lieutenant Colonel S. P. Suprun. He commanded the 401th fighter aviation regime of a special purpose and died on July 4 in unequal battle with six enemy fighters.

Svetlana Savitskaya from the young age knitted his fate with aviation. Another student of Moscow aviation Institute She became an absolute world champion in the highest pilot on piston aircraft, later set three world records in group jumps with a parachute from the stratosphere and nine world records on jet aircraft.

On August 19, she, as a cosmonaut, a researcher, together with the crew commander, twice the hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel L. I. Popov and the flight engineer A. A. Silver, made a flight into space on the Soyuz T-7 ship, which docked the orbital complex. S. Savitskaya conducted many scientific experiments. For the courage and heroism, Svetlana Savitskaya, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the title of "Socialist Cosmonaut of the USSR" was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. She performed the second space flight in July 1984 on the ship "Union T-12". Together with Vladimir Janibekov, the crew commander, Svetlana Savitskaya July 25 worked in outer space for 3 hours 35 minutes, having experienced a new universal tool for performing complex technological operations in open space. She cut and welded metal, soldered metal plates and produced coatings. The results of the experiments carried out by it were widely used not only in space Flightsbut on earth - in national economy. She became the first woman - twice the hero of the Soviet Union.

The brilliant Plaria of Cosmos's conquerors was headed by the world's first cosmonaut Yu. A. Gagarin on April 12, 1961, he flew around the Earth on the East spacecraft in 1 hour and 48 minutes. "For a heroic feat - the first flight into space," said the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 15, 1961, - glorifying our socialist homeland, for manifested courage, courage, fearless and selfless service. soviet people, the case of communism, the cause of the progress of all mankind, to assign the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Medal of the Golden Star in the world in the world to the astronaut Major Gagarina Yuri Alekseevich and establish a bronze bust of the hero in the city of Moscow "

In August 1961, the second flight flight of 25 hours was made by the pilot-cosmonaut Major G. S. Titov, having flown over the Earth more than 17 times. He also became the hero of the Soviet Union. In August 1962, astronauts A. G. Nikolaev and P. R. Popovich performed the first group space flight, which lasted more than 70 hours. In July 1963, V. F. Bykovsky and V. V. Tereshkova carried out the second group flight into space. In October 1964, at the first multi-seat spacecraft "Sunrise" crew in the commander of the commander of the Colonel-engineer, V. M. Komarov, a researcher, K. P Feoktistov and a doctor B. B. Egorova, held a flight without a scaffolding. In March 1965, a person came to outer space from the ship and spent 12 minutes there was our compatriot A. A. Leonov.

In October 1968, the Sosmonaut pilot G. T. Coast produced the maximum possible rapprochement of the Soyuz-3 ship, which he managed, with the unmanned Soyuz-2 ship, bred in orbit earlier the first docking of ships in space was produced by a space-astronaut V. A. Shatalov, who piloted the ship "Soyuz-4", and the crew of the Soyuz-5 ship as part of the cosmonauts B. V. Volynov, A. S. Eliseeva and E.V. Chrunova. On January 16, 1969, Eliseev and Chrunov moved from the Soyuz-5 ship to the Soyuz-4 ship, while in open space 37 minutes. After docking two ships, their joint flight lasted more than four and a half hours in such a way, it was necessary to start replacing the crews of space ships, orbital stations and conducting rescue work in space. In October 1969, three Soyuz Soyums with family cosmonauts on board were replaced at nearby orbits. The flight was led by V. A. Shatalov, the cosmonauts of G. S. Shonin participated in the experiment, A. V. Filipichenko, V. N. Kubasov, V. N. Volkov, A. S. Eliseev and V. V. Gorbatko. Cosmonauts V. A. Shatalov, A. S. Eliseev and N. N. Mukhvishnikov on the ship "Soyuz-10" in April 1971 worked out the methods of rapprochement and mooring to the orbital station, carried out docking and dusting of the ship with her. In June 1971, the crew was delivered to the orbital station in the composition of T. Dobrovolsky, V. N. Volkov and V. I. Patsayev. Their cosmic watch at the Salute-2 station lasted more than 23 days. Cosmonauts perfectly completed the task, but when returning to Earth, due to sudden depressurization of the ship died.

Space Watch Duration on orbital stations It constantly increased, and the volume and complexity of work increased. In 1975, the astronauts A. A. Gubarev and G. M. Grechko worked on board the station "Salyut-4" 30 days, and in next year P. I. Klimuk and V. I. Sevastyanov held at the station for more than two months, fulfilling a large program of comprehensive research and receiving many data representing great interest for geography, geology, meteorology, oceanology and other sciences. 96 days spent in space Yu. V. Romanenko and G. M. Grechko, 140 days - B. V. Kovalenok and A. S. Ivanchenkov, 175 days - V. A. Lyakhov and V. V. Ryumin. In 1984, at the station "Salyut-7" the longest time, bearing in mind the initial period of space development, cosmonauts L. D. Kizim, O. Yu. Atkov and V. A. Solovyov worked. Their Space Watch lasted 237 days. Space development is the grandiose, the epoching cause of all mankind. It takes part in millions of people - workers, engineers, doctors, pilots, scientists, but at the edge of the space spire are pilots of stellar ships. Most cosmonauts came out of their winged family. Many of them before reaching the cosmonaut detachment were excellent pilots - pilots, assaults, tests.

Symbolized in this respect, the fate of the cosmonaut pilot USSR T. Besome. He raised his first aircraft aged 16 into the sky. At the age of 20, he received the first order, and at 23, the first "golden star" of the hero. In the fights of the Great Patriotic War, he burned three times on the plane, but he left these alterations alive and rose to heaven again. At 44, T. Beregovoy - Honored Test pilot of the USSR, Colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union - achieved enrollment in the cosmonaut detachment, which took up to 30 years. And after 4 years, he was once again awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for courage and heroism, shown during the space flight on October 26-30, 1968 on the Soyuz-3 ship. Not only test pilots, submariner seamans and astronauts replenished the family of the Heroes of the Soviet Union. On June 21, 1965, the Colonel of the Border Forces N. F. Kaatsupa entered it. The name of this brave person became widely known in the 1930s, when there were dozens of articles on the skill and brave conductor, dedicated to him and books. From 1933 to 1937, N. F. Kaatsupa participated in 120 batches and delayed 467 border violators. For a long service on the border Nikita Fedorovich was awarded four orders and several medals. The Hero of the Soviet Union was the senior lieutenant of Militia A. I. Prathoodukhin. In November 1973, four bandits captured an aircraft with passengers and crew. They wounded the borcemaker and one of the passengers and demanded that no one approaches the plane. To liberate hostages sent a group of capture, which was commanded by A. I. Prathoodukhin. He managed to be the first to break into the cabin of the aircraft, caused the fire of criminals and thus laid the way to his comrades. Bandits were disarmed and captured. It was one of the first cases of air terrorism, which was skillfully and rescued a small group of capture, which was subsequently managed to achieve far from always even with the introduction of more significant forces. A special place in the history of our country is occupied afghan War 1979-1989. No matter how we relate to this war, no matter how they qualify, we must not forget that the Soviet soldiers and officers abandoned in her fire sincerely believed (especially in the early years of the war) that they fulfill a noble international mission to help the fraternal people , and showed high battle qualities in this situation. Several participants of the events were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Among them, the commander of the helicopter Major V. V. Shcherbakov, who, with a huge risk, put a car in the mountains and saved a group of fellow fellow comrades. The helicopterter E. I. Zelnyakov became famous for the fact that tens of times broke through the opponent's barrier fire, Metko struck the goals and skillfully Salved the car in hard-to-reach mountainous areas. The heroes officer Vyacheslav Gainutdinov and the deputy commander of the motorized rifle battalion Major Gennady Kuchkin, the commander of the parachute of the landing part, Lieutenant Colonel Yu. V. Kuznetsov, Rota commander Senior Lieutenant N. M. Akramov, Colonel-General Yu. P. Maximov, Colonel V. E. Pavlov, Lieutenant Colonel E. V. Vysotsky and others. For post-war years, more than 250 people were awarded this high rank. In the days of the war, not all exploits received immediate assessment, they could not always be accurately weighed and compared with other accomplishments. This applies not only to individuals, but also large and important events, in the orbit of which tens of thousands of people were drawn. It is characteristic in this regard, an example of a number of cities that have made the glory of the bastions of courage and durability. In honor of heroic defense Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa already during the war of war were instituted medals. The sixth medal is "for the defense of Kiev" - was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 21, 1961.

The term "city-heroes" appeared at the end of the war. In 1945, Moscow, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Sevastopol and Odessa were named in the May Day of the Supreme Commander. And on May 8, 1965, the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved the Regulation on the honorary title "Hero City". And six cities, in honor of which the medals "for defense" were minted, became cities of heroes, and the Order of Lenin and the "Golden Star" medals appeared on their banners. They were awarded this title in connection with the 20th anniversary of the victory over fascist Germany. By decree of May 8, 1965, the title "Fortress-Hero" was assigned to the Brest Fortress. Subsequently, the heroes were recognized by Kerch and Novorossiysk (1973), Minsk (1974), Tula (1976), Smolensk and Murmansk (1985). Golden stars attached to the signs of Heroes cities crowned the feat of thousands of Soviet patriots - soldiers, workers, militias, with weapons in their hands who defended their native streets and alleys, squares and avenues. The memory of heroes is immortalized in bronze and marble, in the names of cities, streets and squares. Among the memorials and monuments established only in honor of the Heroes of the Battle of Moscow, the monuments of Marshal G. K. Zhukov and the legendary comedav I. V. Panfilov, whose fighters did not miss the fascists to Moscow. And in 1975, the Dubosekovo road near Moscow was opened memorial in honor of 28 Panfilov Heroes.

Petrishchevo village has a monument to Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya, at the village of Palashkino - General L. M. Dovator, in Moscow, many streets are named after the Heroes of the Soviet Union. Twice the heroes of the Soviet Union are built in their homeland bronze busts. Monuments Heroes are erected in hundreds of cities and villages of Russia. Their names are named streets and squares, ships and schools. Only in the same Kaliningrad region, the names of the heroes of the Soviet Union are the cities of Chernyakhovsk, Nesterov, Gusev, Ladushkin, Mamonov, Guryevsk, Kosmodemyansk, Romanov. Memorial museums are devoted to the Heroes of the Soviet Union: the House-Museum of Yu. A. Gagarin in the city, wearing his name, the "Young Guard" House Museum in Krasnodone, Marshal House Museum G. K. Zhukova in his homeland in the village of Zhukovo Kaluga region and a lot others. "Golden Star" Hero of the Soviet Union is one of the most respected awards. Considering it after Soviet Union I ceased to exist, on March 20, 1992, the title of "Hero of Russia" was established in Russia and the "Golden Star" medal was preserved.

100 Great Awards Ionina Hope

Medal "Golden Star"

Medal "Golden Star"

To highlight the citizens who have already been awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on August 1, 1939 established a medal (as a sign of the differences of this title), which was first called the "Hero of the Soviet Union" medal. After a month and a half, in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 16, 1939, it began to be called the "Golden Star" medal. The same decree was approved by the drawing and description of the new medal.

The chronicle of the 1930s did not save the names of those who came up with and performed in the sketches, and then in the metal the symbol personifies the highest degree military differences- Medal "Golden Star" Hero of the Soviet Union. The new award was a five-pointed sprocket with polished dugrani rays on the front side (the length of the rays was 15 mm). The weight of the Golden Star was 21.5 grams. The reverse side of the medal was smooth, and along the contour is bold with a subtle rim; In the center of its convex letters made an inscription: "Hero of the USSR". The medal number was placed in the upper beam. With the help of the ears and link, the "Golden Star" medal joined the rectangular gilded block, covered with a red moored ribbon (tape width - 22 mm).

The first heroes of the Soviet Union The Medal "Golden Star" did not receive, since the title of Hero at that time had not yet had its external attributes. Subsequently, when the highest sign of the difference of this title was already established, they were the first to be awarded the participants of the world-famous epic on the salvation of members of the Arctic Expedition and the crew of the sunken "Chelyuskin". The first on the list on the "Golden Star" medal was marked by S. Leuanievsky, but during his life the brave pilot did not receive a well-deserved award: making a straightely flight in the USA, he died in the North Pole area.

In 1939-1940, the Medal "Golden Star" was awarded by many Soviet soldiers who fought on the side of the Republican Army of Spain, who participated in the defeat of the Japanese troops in the area of \u200b\u200bLake Hassan and the Khalkhin Gol River, as well as distinguished in the battles on the Karelian Isthmus during the Soviet Finnish armed conflict. In just 1941, more than 600 people were awarded the "Golden Star" medal, and military pilots (S. Grishetsky, S. Denisov, Kravchenko, Ya. Svuzhevich) and an outstanding polar explorer I. Papanin was awarded this medal twice.

The possibility of secondary awarding the medal "Golden Star" was already provided in its charter. It was said that the hero of the Soviet Union, the heroic feat of the Heroic feat, no less than which other who had committed such feat honors the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, are awarded to the Order of Lenin, the diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the second medal "Golden Star". To commemorate the feats of such a hero, a bronze bust was constructed with the image of awarded and appropriate inscription, which was established in his homeland.

Two weeks after the start of the Great Patriotic War, the titles of the Heroes of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the "Golden Star" medals were the first to earn fighter pilots M. Zhukov, S. Health and P. Kharitonov for courage, manifested in heavy battles with enemy bombers, rummaged to Leningrad . And on July 22, 1941, in the Great Patriotic War, the second medal "Golden Star" was awarded Lieutenant Colonel S.P. Supboy

In total, over the years of the Great Patriotic War, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the presentation of the "Golden Star" medal was awarded more than 11,500 people. This high reward is marked feats of warriors acting Army and fleet, border guards and partisans, representatives of various peoples and nationalities of the Soviet Union. Three times the "Golden Star" medal were awarded five heroes of the Soviet Union. In August 1944, the third "Golden Star" medal was noted the feats of the hero of the Soviet Union of the pilot A.I. Tashkin - the only pilot, at one appearance of which German radio waves exploded over the battlefield of the battle: "Attention! Attention! In the air - Tashkin. " On the tactics developed by him, Reichs Marshal G. Gering personally reported; For a pilot who was able to shoot down in one battle of 3-4 "Messerschmitt" or "Junkers" a real hunt was organized ...

In August 1945, the third medal "Golden Star" was awarded another outstanding Soviet AC - I.N. Keltub. Three medals "Golden Star" marked merit S.M. Budenny - the legendary commander of the first equestrian army. "Three times awarded the medal" Golden Star "constructed the second bronze bust, which is already established in Moscow."

In the post-war years, the family of the Heroes of the Soviet Union, awarded medal "Golden Star," continued to grow continuously. In April 1961, the Order of Lenin and the Medal "Golden Star" were awarded the first cosmonaut of the planet - Yu.A. Gagarin. Among the heroes of the Soviet Union there are many representatives and other states. Among them, for example, Czechs O. Yarosh, distinguished in battles with fascists, V. Remek - participant of the International Space Experiment, Polish Cosmonaut-Researcher M. Germavsky, German Anti-Fascist F. Shenkel, French pilots of the famous air strike "Normandy-Neman" and DR .

The medal "Golden Star" was awarded not only individuals who committed a heroic feat and awarded title Hero of the Soviet Union. In accordance with the Soviet legislation, this reward together with the Order of Lenin and the diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR was awarded the city awarded high degree Differences - the title of "Hero City", and the fortress awarded the highest degree of differences - the "Fortress hero".

At various times, the Golden Star medal was awarded the Heroes of Leningrad (1945), Stalingrad (1945), Odessa (1945), Sevastopol (1945), Moscow (1965), Kiev (1965), Novorossiysk (1973), Kerch ( 1973), Minsk (1974), Tula (1976), Murmansk (1985), Smolensk (1985) and the Hero Fortress Brest (1965), the population and garrison of which showed courage and heroism when they were protected. In these cities, the heroes and the Brest Fortress, obeliski depicting the Order of Lenin, the "Golden Star" medal and the text of the Decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the assignment of the honorary title to them.

This text is a familiarization fragment.

6. 3. The Golden Empire (Qin) of the Manzhurov and the Golden Horde we emphasize that the Manzhuras called the Empire-Golden (Chinese Qin) created by them in China. Moreover, it was called it in memory of her former state, Volume 4, p.633. So where did this mysterious man agun,