The presentation tells about a wonderful person, an outstanding pilot-cosmonaut, a talented artist Alexei Leonov. Many of today's schoolchildren do not know about his feat, about his discovery, so it will not be superfluous to download this resource for free so that on cool hour or astronomy lesson tell about another human feat, which, perhaps, will become an incentive for someone in life, a small or big guiding star.

A. Leonov's life began in such a way that nothing could portend that he would become the conqueror of space. Born in 1934 in big family where he was the ninth child. Frequent travels in childhood, since his father served, did not prevent him from getting an education and enrolling in an aviation school, and then in a school, where he received the specialty of a pilot. Thanks to his hard work, perseverance, perseverance, desire to go forward, he was enrolled in the first cosmonaut corps. It was he who subsequently first went into outer space and conquered it. The talented cosmonaut not only told what he saw, but also conveyed it in his paintings.

Alexey Leonov. Only four years after Gagarin's flight to the stars, pilot-cosmonaut Alexei Arkhipovich Leonov was the first to go into outer space. To many, this seemed incredible. The purpose of this space flight was to carry out a manned spacewalk to conduct a series of studies, mainly of a biomedical nature. In addition, it was planned to perform tasks based on observations of earthly atmosphere... The spacecraft "Voskhod", on which Leonov was to go into space, is the world's first satellite ship, which is a multi-seat flying spacecraft.

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Cosmonauts

"Cosmonaut Leonov"- The ships were docked for 44 hours. The human face of the cosmos. "Technology of Youth", No. 12, 2004. Member of the CPSU since 1957. A. Leonov created a large number of paintings on the theme of space exploration. Born on May 30, 1934 in the village of Listvyanka, Kemerovo Region.

"Spaceship satellite"- A man in space. Start space age... The gypsy was no longer sent on a flight - they kept it for history. Municipal educational institution medium comprehensive school No. 8 p. Spasskoye of the Primorsky Territory. 2011 November 3, 1957 The dogs Chaika and Fox were killed in the crash. The spacecraft consisted of two compartments.

"The first in space"- April 12, 1961. We must gratefully remember the names of people who discovered a new sphere. human activity... Poo. Following Laika, other dogs flew - PROTEIN and ARROW. 1. Many astronauts different countries have been in space. Not only the cosmonauts of our country, but also the Americans, Japanese, Chinese, French.

"First space flights"- The flight duration was 1 hour 48 minutes. At an altitude of several kilometers from Earth, Gagarin ejected and landed with a parachute not far from the descent vehicle. Monument to fellow-cosmonauts. The astronaut received the title of Hero Soviet Union, and April 12 was declared a public holiday - Cosmonautics Day.

"Space flight"- The satellite fell in Siberia, in the area of ​​Podkamennaya Tunguska. Do you know who first flew into space? Hall scientific biography K.E. Tsiolkovsky State Museum of Fine Arts. even turtles. K. E. Tsiolkovsky noted the advantages rocket engines at high speeds. In such cases, the apparatus was intended to be destroyed.

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ANDREY KONSTANTINOVICH SOKOLOV Born in 1931. After graduation architectural institute in the mid-50s, he worked in his main specialty - an architect. From childhood, the future artist loved science fiction by Jules Verne, Belyaev, Tsiolkovsky, Bradbury. And his first works in the genre of sci-fi painting, he dedicated to Bradbury's novel "Fahrenheit 451". After starting the first artificial satellite In 1957, all of Sokolov's creative endeavors were devoted to the theme of space exploration. Some of his canvases are "mini-series": we see the successive stages of construction of a large inhabited space station in the orbit of the Earth, we observe the first landing of people on the Moon, Venus, Mars, satellites of the giant planets, together with the crews of photonic rockets, we rush to the stars. A huge number of works are devoted to the topic of the real achievements of Soviet cosmonautics (only in 1981, in the album Life Among the Stars, several works on the topic of American research in space appeared). Since the mid-1960s, A. Leonov, the pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR, has been A. Sokolov's constant co-author. In the 90s A. Sokolov participates in working together with the American artist R. McCall. Several impressive works have been co-authored with him. ALEXEY ARKHIPOVICH LEONOV USSR Pilot-Cosmonaut, Major General of Aviation. Member of the CPSU since 1957. Born on May 30, 1934 in the village of Listvyanka, Kemerovo Region. He made his first flight into space on March 18-19, 1965, together with P.I. Belyaev. as a co-pilot on the Voskhod-2 spacecraft. For the first time in the world Leonov A.A. got out of the cockpit spaceship into outer space and performed a number of experiments outside the ship. To carry out manned spacewalks, the Voskhod-2 spacecraft was equipped with an airlock. Medical and biological research has been carried out, some space navigation problems have been solved. For the first time, a spacecraft was launched using a manual control system. The second space flight was made on July 15-21, 1975 together with V.N. Kubasov. on the Soyuz-19 spacecraft. This was the world's first joint flight of the Soviet Soyuz spacecraft and the American Apollo. The ships were docked for 44 hours. The crews moved from one ship to another, jointly performed scientific and technical experiments. A manned international laboratory "Soyuz-Apollo" was created in the orbit of an artificial Earth satellite - a prototype of future international orbital stations. A. Leonov created a large number of paintings on the theme of space exploration. Since the mid-60s, he has been a constant co-author of the science fiction artist A. Sokolov. site

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At heart it is both light and anxious. We have reached a wonderful time. The impossible became possible - other worlds were revealed to us ...

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Distant, high are our goals, Together with us on the star path That we did not spare their lives And they helped the Earth to flourish ...

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HUMAN FACE OF SPACE "Technology of youth", No. 12, 2004

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No perfect instrument can accurately convey what is seen in space. Only the human eye and the artist's brush are able to convey to people the beauty of our Earth, opening from a cosmic height ... There are not many such people. They were in the twentieth century. only three of them took the first cosmic step. And two of them are our compatriots: Gagarin, who first ascended into space orbit, and Leonov, who was the first to push off the hatch into free flight, separated from hostile space only by the shell of his spacesuit ... There are no ordinary people among the cosmonauts at all. But not everyone is given to convey to others not an impassive photo report, but feelings, emotions, mood, accompanying the exit into a new environment for a person. It is unlikely that the picky commission, which selected pilots from garrisons for "fundamentally new technology", first of all evaluated the artistic talents of the young pilot - it was much more important to her that the day before Aleksey Leonov brilliantly landed the emergency MIG-15bis with the engine turned off.

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"SP" was right. Already two generations of people have perceived space, first through the paintings of the artist A. A. Leonov, and only then through the television "picture", which is improving every year, but not able to compete with the artist's eye and hand ... Although the impressions and sensations of Alexei Arkhipovich in the very moment of the exit, and especially the return to the ship, were conveyed by profanity ... The designers of the first extravehicular spacesuit made a mistake, and the flexibility of the inflated overalls in vacuum turned out to be less than the calculated one. As a result, the hands got out of the gloves, the legs - out of the boots, and it became completely impossible to move, but - it is necessary. "19-year-old Sergei Korolev in Gagarin's spacesuit." 1965. Drawing by A. Leonov on the dust cover of the book “ Psychological problems interplanetary flight "

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And the cosmonaut for the first time significantly changed the operating mode of his apparatus, dropping the pressure below the prescribed level - but he needed to know that this was already possible, since it was already possible. for some time Leonov breathed oxygen, and decompression did not threaten death. Then he changed the sequence of actions that had been worked out, flying into the airlock not with his feet, as calculated, but head first. Then the astronaut had to turn around in the narrow inflatable tunnel of the airlock ... We only recently learned about this and many other aspects of the Voskhod-2 flight. But this was extremely important: for the first time in our cosmonautics, a man flexibly reacted to a changing situation, that is, he justified his - expensive and unsafe - presence in space! Before that - we admit - the cosmonauts of the Vostoks and the first Voskhod looked more like guinea pigs. Unfortunately, the Voskhod-2 flight experience was not fully taken into account in the following programs. Alexei Leonov was preparing to fly around the moon on the L1 spacecraft ("TM" No. 6, 2004), then - to land on the moon in the LK ("ТМ" No. 4, 2004), but the people in these machines never flew, projects were stopped. There were many reasons for this, but Alexei Arkhipovich is convinced: disbelief in the capabilities of the cosmonaut-operator forced the designers to overdo it with automation, the development of which was delayed ... Leonov began to prepare for the flight to orbital station... It was he who was supposed to lead the first crew of the "Salut", but ... a few days before the start, the doctors discovered abnormalities in the heart of the flight engineer, V. Kubasov, and backup flights - G. Dobrovolsky, V. Volkov, V. Patsaev - flew to the station. ..

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No perfect instrument can accurately convey what is seen in space. Only the human eye and the artist's brush are able to convey to people the beauty of our Earth, opening from a cosmic height ...

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In the early 70s, the instructor, deputy head of the CTC, A. A. Leonov was the most trained cosmonaut, and certainly the most famous outside the borders of our country. Apparently, therefore, it was he who was appointed commander of the Soviet ship for the joint Soviet-American flight. The task was again technically non-trivial (it was necessary to somehow "coordinate" not only the atmosphere of the ships, but also the models of ballistic calculations). But the main problems were again not in technology: the most advanced and secret machines of the opponents in the Cold War had to work together! And again, the ingenuity of the astronauts literally saved the program. Since the event is political, then the whole world should see it. This can be done only with the help of television, but it refused immediately after the Soyuz entered orbit. And although the second ship and three backup crews were ready at Baikonur, it is a shame and a scandal to use them for such a reason! The task was complicated by the fact that there were no ... tools on board, and to open the panel in order to get to the power distributor (in which there was a refusal) I had to use medical scissors and a hunting knife, bought by Leonov on the eve of the flight! By the way, the Americans considered the incident to be a staging ... Alexey Arkhipovich did not fly into space anymore, and until 1991 he headed the cosmonaut corps of the TsPK im. Yu.A. Gagarin. The paintings of the artist A. A. Leonov are unique. It so happened that our artists willingly paint native nature, no less willingly experiment with all sorts of unconventional styles, but rarely (and often ineptly) depict the "second" nature - man-made. Maybe this is because this very man-made nature- technique - you need to know, and the majority of artists (as well as "humanities" in general) treat such knowledge with disdain?

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Meanwhile, artistic canvases, on which in the near and deep space the most complicated technique, sometimes existing only in the drawings, operates - the most powerful means of propaganda, including for the creation of this very technique! It is no coincidence that a group of artists is constantly working under the American NASA, creatively reflecting the steps of the American space program, including those that remained on paper. It seems that part of the problems of our cosmonautics stems from the fact that our response to the work of this group was the creativity of only two people: Alexei Leonov and Andrei Sokolov ...

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Cosmonaut-artist and almost the only youth popular science magazine were simply doomed to cooperate. Already in the October issue of 1965, on the color tab, the readers of Techniques for Youth saw the space dawn drawn by Leonov, and nearby, on black-and-white pages - the landing of a Soviet spacecraft on the Moon, as the artist saw it (who apparently did not yet know that it is he who will practice this maneuver on a simulator converted from a helicopter ...). The first issue of the next year, 1966, greeted the reader with the cover of the artists A. Leonov and A. Sokolov, and in the May issue of “TM” the world-famous picture of the cosmonaut “Over the Black Sea” was published for the first time. Finally, in October 1968, Alexei Arkhipovich appeared before the readers of our magazine as ... the commander of the 6th parade-competition of auto-model for the prize of the magazine "Technics - Youth"! A natural continuation of the collaboration between the journal and the cosmonaut was the work of A. A. Leonov in our editorial board from 1972 to 1989. And we are glad that in 2005 Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov is again a member of the editorial board of the Tekhnika - Youth Magazine!

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Presentation on the topic: Alexey Arkhipovich Leonov Science fiction artist

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... In small details, which left a deep imprint on my memory, I remember the day when I wanted to tell others that I can draw and that I have already drawn a lot and I really like it - it was September 1, 1943 during the war. Mom led me to school along the frosty wooden sidewalk of my native Kemerovo. We walked towards the sun, which rose up in a huge golden ball and shone so brightly that I squinted with one or the other eye, and then for the first time I saw how it rose above the ridges of houses in a poplar park. I carried with me all the valuables I had accumulated over my eight years: a few crayons, bits of watercolors, and a whole stack of my illustrations for Captain Nemo. A boy took the drawings out of my bag and showed them to the whole class. This is how my first exhibition took place, and I decided that I would be an artist. But life decided differently.

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I drew what I saw and what I thought about. When the pencils were gone, I made myself a lead pencil and used gray wrapping paper to draw. I painted flowers on white Dutch stoves at the request of women who happened to be in Siberia from Ukraine. Even at one time I painted wall carpets with oils on sheets - for this I already received bread. My parents encouraged my hobby in every possible way, helping me to get some paper, then a pencil, then paint. During all my school years I was a regular editor of school newspapers, participated in all exhibitions and even received a prize for a portrait of Peter 1. The House of Pioneers was far away, but I went to an art circle. I remember the words of the teacher, solemnly pronounced: “Drawing is the source and soul of all types of images and the root of every science. Whoever has mastered a drawing has taken possession of a priceless treasure! " -Do you know, children, who said that? Great Michelangelo! It was convincing, for life.

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I did not receive vocational education artist, although he passed the competitive exams in 1953 at the Riga Academy of Arts. I became a fighter pilot, then a test pilot, and I was the first of the earthlings who managed to see our Earth not through a porthole, but in free floating. No perfect instrument can accurately convey what you see. Only the human eye and the heart of the artist. They are able to convey to people the beauty of our Earth, revealed from a comic height.

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For thirty years, along with my main work, I have been working on the picturesque space. When I was admitted to the Union of Artists, the chairman of the Union, academician Yekaterina Belashova recommended me with the words: "This is the best cosmonaut-artist and the best artist-cosmonaut." Perhaps, indeed, the inseparability of these concepts is the meaning of my life. I always have to improve both that and another, in order to be understood and to be successful.

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When I looked at the globe from a height of almost 500 km, I recalled Rockuel Kent - his pure colors, the absence of a southern plein air. This is how Roerich would write if he were in the Arctic or in space. No matter how many artists have visited space, each would write in his own way, but always with pure colors. The Earth is beautiful from space - a blue ball of enormous2 serenity, but without those details that adorn the planet - the creations of human hands. You cannot see the creations and nature itself, that which pleases from childhood: dew drops, snowflakes, green forest, blue stretch, morning fog. I want to portray everything and put my understanding into everything. One life is not enough for this! Alexey Leonov