Fipi summary of the exam sample assignment. Passing the exam in an additional or early period

1. First, study the criteria for judging the summary.

№	Criteria for judging a summary	Points
SG1
	The examinee accurately conveyed the main content of the text he listened to, reflecting all the micro-themes that are important for his perception	2
	but missed or added 1 microtheme	1
	The examinee conveyed the main content of the listened text, but missed or added more than 1 microtheme	0
SG2	Source Compression
	The examinee applied 1 or more text compression techniques, using them throughout the text	3
	The examinee applied 1 or more text compression techniques, using them to compress 2 text microtopics	2
	The examinee applied 1 or more text compression techniques, using them to compress 1 micro-topic of text	1
	The examinee did not use text compression techniques	0
SG3	Semantic integrity, speech coherence and sequence of presentation
	The work of the examinee is characterized by semantic integrity, speech coherence and sequence of presentation: - there are no logical errors, the sequence of presentation is not violated; - there are no violations of paragraph articulation of the text in the work	2
	The work of the examinee is characterized by semantic integrity, coherence and consistency of presentation, but 1 logical error was made, and/or there is 1 violation of paragraph division of the text in the work	1
	In the work of the examinee, a communicative intent is visible, but more than 1 logical error was made, and/or there are 2 cases of violation of paragraph articulation of the text	0
	MAXIMUM POINTS FOR SUMMARY	7

2. Secondly, remember that the volume of the presentation should not be less than 70 words, and the number of micro topics should correspond to the number of paragraphs (there are always three of them).
3. Third, learn how to compress text.
-Exception: you can exclude details, minor facts, fragments with descriptions, repetitions, synonyms, clarifying constructions, etc.
- Generalization: when generalizing, replace homogeneous members generalizing sentences, etc.
- Simplify: When simplifying, replace difficult sentence simple, combine several sentences, break a complex sentence into simple ones, replace direct speech with indirect.
Each paragraph should use one or more text compression methods.
4. Fourth, read 35 texts from the FIPI website. One of these texts will come across to you at the real OGE in 2018.

35 texts for writing a concise presentation.

#1 About friendship

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Trials await friendship always. The main one today is a changed way of life, a change in the way and routine of life. With the acceleration of the pace of life, with the desire to quickly realize oneself, an understanding of the significance of time came. Previously, it was impossible to imagine, for example, that the hosts were weary of the guests. Now that time is the price of achieving one's goal, relaxation and hospitality are no longer important. Frequent meetings and leisurely conversations are no longer indispensable companions of friendship. Due to the fact that we live in different rhythms, meetings of friends become rare.

But here is a paradox: before, the circle of contacts was limited, today a person is oppressed by the redundancy of forced communication. This is especially noticeable in cities with high population density. We strive to isolate ourselves, to choose a secluded place in the subway, in a cafe, in the reading room of the library.

#2 About friendship

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What is friendship? How do they become friends? You will meet friends most often among people of a common fate, one profession, common thoughts. And yet it is impossible to say with certainty that such a commonality determines friendship, because people of different professions can make friends.

Can two opposite characters be friends? Certainly! Friendship is equality and similarity. But at the same time, friendship is inequality and dissimilarity. Friends always need each other, but friends do not always receive equally from friendship. One is friends and gives his experience, the other in friendship is enriched by experience. One, helping a weak, inexperienced, young friend, learns his strength, maturity. Another, weak, recognizes in a friend his ideal, strength, experience, maturity. So, one in friendship gives, the other rejoices in gifts. Friendship is based on similarities, and manifests itself in differences, contradictions, dissimilarities.

A friend is the one who claims your rightness, talent, merit. A friend is one who lovingly exposes you in your weaknesses, shortcomings and vices.

#3 About friendship

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Friendship is not something external. Friendship lies deep in the heart. You can't force yourself to be someone's friend or force someone to be your friend.

For friendship, a lot is needed, first of all, mutual respect. What does it mean to respect your friend? It means to reckon with his opinion and to acknowledge it. positive features. Respect is shown in words and deeds. A respected friend feels that he is valued as a person, respected for his dignity and helped him not only out of a sense of duty. In friendship, trust is important, that is, confidence in the sincerity of a friend, that he will not betray or deceive. Of course, a friend can make mistakes. But we are all imperfect. These are the two main and main conditions for friendship. In addition, for friendship, for example, common moral values are important. People who have different views of what is good and what is evil will find it hard to be friends. The reason is simple: will we be able to show deep respect and, perhaps, trust to a friend if we see that he does things that are unacceptable, in our opinion, and consider this the norm. Strengthen friendships and common interests or hobbies. However, for a friendship that has existed for a long time and has been tested by time, this is not important.

Friendship does not depend on age. They can be very strong and bring a lot of experiences to a person. But without friendship, life is unthinkable.

No. 4 About friendship

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When I was at school, it seemed to me that my adult life would take place in some other environment, as if in a different world, and I would be surrounded by other people. But in fact, everything turned out differently. My peers stayed with me. Friends of youth turned out to be the most faithful. The circle of acquaintances has grown unusually. But real friends, old, true friends, are acquired in youth. Youth is a time of rapprochement.

Therefore, take care of youth until old age. Appreciate all the good things that you acquired in your youth, do not lose friends. Nothing acquired in youth goes unnoticed. Good youth skills make life easier. The bad ones complicate it and make it more difficult. Remember the Russian proverb: "Take care of your honor from a young age"? All the actions committed in youth remain in the memory. The good ones will make you happy. The wicked will not let you sleep.

#5 About friendship

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What really lies in this seemingly familiar concept of friendship? Scientifically speaking, friendship is a disinterested relationship between people based on common sympathies, interests and hobbies. A true friend is always there, whether we feel bad or good. He will never try to take advantage of your weakness for his own purposes and will always come to the rescue when he is needed the most. He will not only help in trouble, but will sincerely rejoice in moments of happiness with you.

But, unfortunately, such relations are gradually fading away. Selfless friendship is slowly becoming a relic of the past. Friends now for us are people who can help in a particular issue, or those with whom you can have a good time. In fact, if one of the supposedly close friends has a crisis, the friends disappear somewhere until this crisis passes. This situation is familiar to almost everyone. In a word, profitable friendship is rapidly crowding out disinterested friendship.

We must remember that many problems that seem grandiose and frightening can be solved without much difficulty if there are reliable friends nearby. Friendship gives confidence in the future. It makes a person bolder, freer and more optimistic, and his life is warmer, more interesting and multifaceted. True friendship spiritually unites people, contributing to the development in them of the desire for creation, and not destruction.

#6 About friendship

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There are values that change, get lost, disappear, becoming the dust of time. But no matter how society changes, all the same, for millennia, eternal values remain that have great importance for people of all generations and cultures. One of these eternal values definitely is friendship.

People very often use this word in their language, they call certain people their friends, but few people can formulate what friendship is, who is a true friend, what he should be. All definitions of friendship are similar in one thing: friendship is a relationship based on the mutual openness of people, complete trust and constant readiness to help each other at any moment.

The main thing is that friends have the same life values, similar spiritual landmarks. Then they will be able to be friends, even if their attitudes to certain phenomena of life are different. And then true friendship is not affected by time and distance. People can talk to each other only occasionally, be apart for years, and still be very close friends. Such constancy is the hallmark of true friendship.

#7 About toys

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Each of us once had favorite toys. Perhaps every person has bright and tender memories associated with them, which he carefully keeps in his heart. Favorite toy is the most vivid memory from the childhood of each person.

per century computer technology real toys no longer attract as much attention as virtual ones, but despite all the novelties that appear, such as telephones and computer equipment, the toy still remains unique and irreplaceable in its kind. After all, nothing teaches and develops a child like a toy with which he can communicate, play and even gain life experience.

The toy is the key to consciousness little man. To develop and strengthen in it positive traits, to make him mentally healthy, to instill love for others, to form a correct understanding of good and evil, it is necessary to carefully choose a toy, remembering that it will bring into his world not only its image, but also behavior, attributes, as well as a system of values and worldviews. It is impossible to raise a full-fledged person with the help of toys of a negative orientation.

#8 About books

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When I was about ten years old, someone's caring hand put a volume of Animal Heroes on me. I consider it my "alarm clock". I know from other people that for them the “alarm clock” of the feeling of nature was a month spent in the summer in the countryside, a walk in the forest with a man who “opened his eyes to everything”, the first trip with a backpack. There is no need to enumerate everything that can awaken in human childhood an interest and a reverent attitude towards the great mystery of life.

Growing up, a person should comprehend with his mind how complex everything in the living world is intertwined, interconnected, how this world is strong and at the same time vulnerable, how everything in our life depends on the wealth of the earth, on the health of wildlife. This school must be.

And yet at the beginning of everything is love. Awakened in time, she makes the knowledge of the world interesting and exciting. With it, a person also acquires a certain point of support, an important starting point for all the values of life. Love for everything that turns green, breathes, makes sounds, sparkles with colors - and there is love that brings a person closer to happiness.

#9 About precious books

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No matter how interesting the home and school life of a child may be, if he does not read precious books, he is deprived. Such losses are irreparable. It is adults who can read the book today or in a year - the difference is small. In childhood, time is counted differently, here every day is a discovery. And the sharpness of perception in the days of childhood is such that early impressions can then influence the whole life.

Childhood impressions are the most vivid and lasting impressions. This is the foundation of the future spiritual life, the golden fund. Seeds sown in childhood. Not everyone will germinate, not everyone will bloom. But the biography of the human soul is the gradual germination of seeds sown in childhood.

The next life is complex and varied. It consists of millions of actions that are determined by many character traits and, in turn, form this character. But if we trace and find the connection between phenomena, it becomes obvious that every feature of the character of an adult person, every quality of his soul and, perhaps, even every action of his were sown in childhood, have since then had their germ, their seed.

#10 About books

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What's happened good book? First, the book should be exciting and interesting. After reading the first pages, there should be no desire to put it on the shelf. We are talking about books that make us think, express emotions. Secondly, the book should be written in rich language. Thirdly, she must carry deep meaning. Original and unusual ideas also make the book useful.

Do not get carried away by any one genre or type of literature. Thus, a passion only for the fantasy genre can turn young readers into goblins and elves who know the way to Avalon much better than the way home.

If you have not read the books from school curriculum or read them in abbreviated form, you should start with them. Classical literature is a mandatory base for every person. In great works there is disappointment and joy, love and pain, tragedy and comedy. They will teach you to be sensitive, emotional, help you see the beauty of the world, understand yourself and people. Naturally, read non-fiction literature. It will expand your horizons, form knowledge about the world, help you determine your path in life, and provide an opportunity for self-development. We hope that these reasons for reading will make the book your best friend.

#11 About Literature

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It just seems to us that when something happens to us, it is a unique phenomenon, the only one of its kind. In fact, there is not a single problem that has not already been reflected in world literature. Love, fidelity, jealousy, betrayal, cowardice, the search for the meaning of life - all this has already been experienced by someone, rethought, reasons, answers are found and imprinted on the pages fiction. The case is small: take it and read it and you will find everything in the book.

Literature, opening the world with the help of the word, creates a miracle, doubles, triples our inner experience, infinitely expands our view of life, of a person, makes our perception thinner. In childhood, we read fairy tales and adventures in order to experience the excitement of search and intrigue. But there comes an hour when we feel the need to open the book in order to delve into ourselves with its help. This is the hour of growing up. We are looking for an interlocutor in the book who enlightens, ennobles, teaches.

Here we are with the book. What is happening in our soul? With each book we read, which opens up the pantries of thoughts and feelings before us, we become different. With the help of literature, a person becomes a Human. It is no coincidence that the book is called a teacher and a textbook of life.

#12 Reading

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What is the benefit of reading? Is it true that reading is good for you? Why do so many people keep reading? After all, not only to relax or take your free time.

The benefits of reading books are obvious. Books broaden the horizons of a person, enrich him inner world, make smarter. It is also important to read books because it increases lexicon a person develops clear and precise thinking. Everyone can be convinced of this by their own example. One has only to thoughtfully read some classic work, and you will notice how it has become easier to express your own thoughts with the help of speech, to select the right words. A person who reads speaks better. Reading serious works makes us constantly think, it develops logical thinking. Don't believe? And you read something from the classics of the detective genre, for example, "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" by Conan Doyle. After reading, you will think faster, your mind will become sharper and you will understand that reading is useful and profitable.

It is also useful to read books because they have a significant impact on our moral guidelines and on our spiritual development. After reading this or that classical work, people sometimes begin to change for the better.

№13 About education

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We often talk about the difficulties associated with raising a person starting life. And the biggest problem is the weakening of family ties, the decrease in the importance of the family in raising a child. And if in early years If the family did not put anything solid in the moral sense into a person, then later society will have a lot of trouble with this citizen.

The other extreme is the overprotection of the child by the parents. This is also a consequence of the weakening of the family principle. Parents have not given their child spiritual warmth and, feeling this guilt, they strive in the future to pay their inner spiritual debt with belated petty care and material benefits.

The world is changing, becoming different. But if the parents could not establish internal contact with the child, shifting the main worries to grandparents or public organizations, then one should not be surprised that some child acquires cynicism and disbelief in selflessness so early, that his life becomes impoverished, becomes flat and dry.

No. 14 About family

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Having a family and children is as necessary and natural as it is necessary and natural to work. The family has long been held together by the moral authority of the father, who was traditionally considered the head. The children respected and obeyed their father. He was engaged in agricultural work, construction, logging and firewood. All the burden of peasant labor was shared with him by adult sons.

The management of the household was in the hands of the wife and mother. She was in charge of everything in the house: she looked after the cattle, took care of food, and clothes. She did not do all these works alone: even children, having barely learned to walk, little by little, along with the game, began to do something useful.

Kindness, tolerance, mutual forgiveness of insults grew into mutual love in a good family. Quarrelsomeness and quarrelsomeness were considered a punishment of fate and aroused pity for their bearers. It was necessary to be able to give in, forget the offense, respond with kindness or remain silent. Love and harmony between relatives gave rise to love outside the home. From a person who does not love and does not respect his relatives, it is difficult to expect respect for other people.

#15 About finding yourself

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Each person is looking for a place in life, trying to assert his self. It is natural. But how does he find his place? What are the paths to get to it? What moral values carry weight in his eyes? The question is extremely important.

Many of us cannot admit to ourselves that because of a misunderstood, inflated sense of self-worth, because of the unwillingness to seem worse, we sometimes take rash steps, we do not act very correctly: we don’t ask again, we don’t say “I don’t know” , "I can not" - there are no words. Selfish people cause feelings of condemnation. However, those who exchange their dignity like small coins are no better. In the life of every person, there are probably moments when he is simply obliged to show his pride, to assert his self. And, of course, this is not always easy to do.

The true value of a person is revealed sooner or later anyway. And the higher this price, the more a person loves not so much himself as others. Leo Tolstoy emphasized that each of us, the so-called small ordinary person, is in fact a historical person who is responsible for the fate of the whole world.

No. 16 About sincerity

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Many people think that being sincere means to openly and directly say what you think and do what you say. But here's the problem: a person who immediately voices what first came into his head runs the risk of being branded not only natural, but also ill-mannered, or even stupid. Rather, a sincere and natural person is one who knows how to be himself: take off the masks, get out of the usual roles and show his true face.

The main problem is that we do not know ourselves well, we are chasing ghostly goals, money, fashion. Few people consider it important and necessary to direct the vector of attention to their inner world. You need to look into your heart, stop and analyze your thoughts, desires and plans in order to understand what is truly mine, and what is imposed, dictated by friends, parents, society. Otherwise, you risk spending your whole life on goals that you don’t really need at all.

If you look into yourself, you will see a whole world, endless and multifaceted. You will discover your characteristics and talents. You just need to study. And, of course, it will not become easier and easier for you, but it will become more interesting. You will find your life path. The only way to become sincere is to know yourself.

#17 Growing up

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Some believe that a person matures at a certain age, for example, at 18, when he becomes an adult. But there are people who remain children even at an older age. What does it mean to be an adult?

Adulthood means independence, that is, the ability to do without anyone's help, guardianship. A person with this quality does everything himself and does not expect support from others. He understands that he must overcome his difficulties himself. Of course, there are situations when a person cannot cope alone. Then you have to ask for help from friends, relatives and acquaintances. But in general, it is not typical for an independent, adult person to rely on others.

There is an expression: the hand should wait for help only from the shoulder. An independent person knows how to be responsible for himself, his deeds and actions. He plans his own life and evaluates himself, without relying on someone else's opinion. He understands that much in life depends on himself. Being an adult means being responsible for someone else. But for this, you also need to become independent, be able to make decisions. Adulthood does not depend on age, but on life experience, on the desire to live life without nannies.

No. 18 About childhood and growing up

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In childhood, a person is happy, as they say now, by default. By nature, a child is a creature instinctively predisposed to happiness. No matter how difficult and even tragic his life may be, he still rejoices and constantly finds more and more reasons for this. Perhaps because there is nothing to compare life with yet. He still does not suspect that it can be somehow different, but most likely, all the same, because the soul has not yet had time to cover itself with a shell and is more open to goodness and hope than the soul of an adult.

And with age, everything seems to turn inside out. No matter how calmly and prosperously life develops, we will not calm down until we find in it some kind of splinter, awkwardness, malfunction, cling to it and feel deeply unhappy. And we believe in the drama we have invented, we sincerely complain about it to our friends, we waste time, health, and spiritual strength on experiences.

It is only when a really real tragedy happens that we realize how absurd the imagined suffering is and how trifling the reason for it. Then we clutch our heads and say to ourselves: “Lord, what a fool I was when I suffered because of some nonsense. No, to live for your own pleasure and enjoy every minute.

No. 19 Pro choice

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There is simply no and cannot be a universal recipe for how to choose the right, the only true, only path in life intended for you. And the final choice always remains with the individual. We make this choice already in childhood, when we choose friends, learn to build relationships with peers, and play.

But most major decisions that determine the path of life, we still accept in our youth. According to scientists, the second half of the second decade of life is the most crucial period. It is at this time that a person, as a rule, chooses the most important thing for the rest of his life: his closest friend, the circle of his main interests, his profession.

It is clear that such a choice is a responsible matter. It cannot be brushed aside, it cannot be postponed until later. You should not hope that the mistake can be corrected later: it will be in time, the whole life is ahead! Something, of course, can be corrected, changed, but not everything. And wrong decisions will not remain without consequences. After all, success comes to those who know what they want, decisively make a choice, believe in themselves and stubbornly achieve their goals.

№20 About a cultured person

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What does it mean to be a cultured person? A cultured person can be considered an educated, well-mannered, responsible person. He respects himself and those around him. A cultured person is also distinguished by creative work, striving for high things, the ability to be grateful, love for nature and homeland, compassion and sympathy for one's neighbor, goodwill.

A cultured person will never lie. He will maintain self-control and dignity in any life situations. He has a clear goal and achieves it. The main goal of such a person is to increase good in the world, to strive to ensure that all people are happy. The ideal of a cultured person is genuine humanity.

Nowadays, people devote too little time to culture. And many do not even think about it throughout their lives. It is good if a person's process of familiarization with culture occurs from childhood. The child gets acquainted with the traditions that pass from generation to generation, absorbs the positive experience of the family and his homeland, learns cultural values. As an adult, he can be useful to society.

No. 21 About culture

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The word "culture" is multifaceted. What does true culture carry in the first place? It carries the concept of spirituality, light, knowledge and true beauty. And if people understand this, then our country will become prosperous. And therefore it would be very good if every city and village had its own center of culture, a center of creativity not only for children, but also for people of all ages.

True culture is always aimed at upbringing and education. And such centers should be headed by people who understand well what real culture is, what it consists of, what its significance is.

Such concepts as peace, truth, beauty can become the key note of culture. It would be good if honest and disinterested people, selflessly devoted to their work, respecting each other, were engaged in culture. Culture is a huge ocean of creativity, there is enough space for everyone, there is something for everyone. And if we all together begin to participate in its creation and strengthening, then our entire planet will become more beautiful.

#22 About morality

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One man was told that his acquaintance spoke of him in unflattering terms. "Do not you say! the man exclaimed. "I didn't do anything good for him..." Here it is, the algorithm of black ingratitude, when good is met with evil. In life, it must be assumed, this person met more than once with people who confused the landmarks on the compass of morality.

Morality is the guide to life. And if you deviate from the road, you may well wander into a wind-blown, thorny bush, or even drown. That is, if you behave ungratefully towards others, then people have the right to behave towards you in the same way.

How to treat this phenomenon? Be philosophical. Do good and know that it will surely pay off. I assure you that you yourself will enjoy doing good. That means you will be happy. And this is the goal in life - to live it happily. And remember: exalted natures do good.

#23 About youthful love

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Times are changing, new generations are coming, in which, it would seem, everything is not the same as the previous ones: tastes, interests, life goals. But intractable personal questions, meanwhile, somehow remain unchanged. Today's teenagers, like their parents at one time, are worried about the same thing: how to attract the attention of someone you like? How to distinguish infatuation from true love?

A youthful dream of love is, no matter what they say, first of all, a dream of mutual understanding. After all, a teenager definitely needs to realize himself in communication with peers: to show his ability to sympathize, empathize. Yes, and just show their qualities and abilities in front of those who are friendly towards him, who are ready to understand him.

Love is the unconditional and boundless trust of two to each other. Trust, which reveals in everyone all the best that a person is only capable of. True love certainly includes friendships, but is not limited to them. It is always greater than friendship, because only in love do we recognize the other person's full right to everything that makes up our world.

#24 About self-doubt

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Self-doubt is an ancient problem, but it attracted the attention of physicians, teachers and psychologists relatively recently - in the middle of the 20th century. It was then that it became clear: ever-increasing self-doubt can cause a lot of trouble - up to serious illnesses, not to mention everyday problems.

What about psychological problems? After all, self-doubt can serve as the basis for constant dependence on the opinions of others. Imagine how uncomfortable it is to feel dependent: other people's assessments seem to him more important and significant than his own. He sees his every act primarily through the eyes of others. And most importantly - he wants approval from everyone: starting with loved ones and ending with passengers on the tram. Such a person becomes indecisive and cannot correctly assess the life situation.

How to overcome self-doubt? Some scientists are looking for an answer to this question, based on physiological processes, others rely on psychology. One thing is clear: self-doubt can be overcome only if a person is able to set goals correctly, correlate them with external circumstances and positively assess their results.

#25 About power

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The essence of the concept of "power" lies in the ability of one person to force another to do what he would not have done of his own free will. The tree, if left undisturbed, grows straight up. But even if it fails to grow evenly, then it, bending under obstacles, tries to get out from under them and again stretch upwards. So is man. Sooner or later he will want to get out of obedience. Submissive people usually suffer, but if once they managed to throw off their "burden", then they often turn into tyrants themselves.

If you command everywhere and everyone, then loneliness awaits a person as the end of life. Such a person will always be alone. After all, he does not know how to communicate on an equal footing. Inside he has a dull, sometimes unconscious anxiety. And he feels calm only when people unquestioningly carry out his orders. The commanders themselves are unfortunate people, and they breed misfortune, even if they achieve good results.

Commanding and managing people are two different things. The one who manages, knows how to take responsibility for actions. This approach preserves the mental health of both the person himself and those around him.

#26 About art

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Is it possible to define what art is with one exhaustive formula? Of course not. Art is charm and witchcraft, it is the revelation of the funny and the tragic, it is morality and immorality, it is the knowledge of the world and man. In art, a person creates his image as something separate, capable of existing outside of himself and remaining after him as his trace in history.

The moment a person turns to creativity, perhaps, is greatest discovery unparalleled in history. Indeed, through art, each individual person and nation as a whole comprehends his own characteristics, his life, his place in the world. Art allows you to get in touch with individuals, peoples and civilizations that are distant from us in time and space. And not just to get in touch, but to recognize and understand them, because the language of art is universal, and it is this language that makes it possible for humanity to feel itself as a single whole.

That is why, since ancient times, an attitude to art has been formed not as entertainment or fun, but as a powerful force capable of not only capturing the image of time and man, but also passing it on to descendants.

#27 About art

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IN modern world there is no person who does not come into contact with art. Its importance in our life is great. Books, cinema, television, theatre, music, painting have firmly entered our lives and have an impact on it. a huge impact. But literature has a particularly strong effect on a person.

Contact with the world of art gives us joy and disinterested pleasure. But it would be wrong to see in the works of writers, composers, artists only a means of obtaining pleasure. Of course, we often go to the cinema, sit down to watch TV, pick up a book to relax and have fun. And the artists themselves, writers, composers build their works in such a way as to support and develop the interest and curiosity of viewers, readers, listeners. But the meaning of art in our life is much more serious. It helps a person to see and understand better. the world and himself.

Art can save character traits era, to give people the opportunity to communicate with each other through decades and centuries, becoming a kind of memory repository for future generations. It imperceptibly forms the views and feelings, character, tastes of a person, awakens a love for beauty. That is why, in difficult moments of life, people often turn to works of art, which become a source of spiritual strength and courage.

Mother's place in our life is special, exceptional. We always bring our joy and pain to her and find understanding. Maternal love inspires, gives strength, inspires to exploits. In difficult life circumstances, we always remember our mother, and we need only her at this moment. A man calls his mother and believes that she, wherever she is, hears him, sympathizes and hurries to help. The word "mother" becomes equivalent to the word life.

How many artists, composers, poets have created wonderful works about the mother. "Take care of mothers!" - the famous poet Rasul Gamzatov proclaimed in his poem. Unfortunately, we realize too late that we forgot to say a lot of good and kind words to our mothers. To prevent this from happening, you need to give them joy every day and hour, because grateful children are the best gift for them.

№31 About mutual assistance and mutual assistance

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In a society where the idea of individualism is cultivated, many have forgotten about such things as mutual assistance and mutual assistance. And human society has just been formed and continues to exist thanks to a common cause and help to the weak, thanks to the fact that each of us complements each other. And how can we now support the completely opposite point of view, which says that there are no other interests than our own?

And it's not even that it sounds selfish. The fact is that it is in this matter that personal and public interests are intertwined. Do you see how much deeper it is than it seems? After all, individualism destroys society, and, therefore, weakens us. And only mutual support can preserve and strengthen society.

And experience confirms that good feelings should be rooted in childhood. If they are not educated in childhood, you will never educate them, because they are assimilated simultaneously with the knowledge of the first and most important truths, the main of which is the value of life, someone else's, one's own, the life of the animal world and plants. Humanity, kindness, benevolence are born in unrest, joys and sorrows.

Good feelings, emotional culture are the focus of humanity. Today, when there is enough evil in the world, we should be more tolerant, attentive and kind towards each other, towards the surrounding living world and do the most courageous deeds in the name of goodness. Following the path of goodness is the most acceptable and the only path for a person. He is tested, he is faithful, he is useful both to a person alone and to society as a whole.

Dreams are needed not only for children, but also for adults. It causes excitement, a source of high feelings. It does not allow us to calm down and always shows new sparkling distances, a different life. It disturbs and makes you long for this life. This is its value.

Only a hypocrite can say that we must rest on our laurels and stop. To fight for the future, you need to be able to dream passionately, deeply and effectively. You need to cultivate in yourself a continuous desire for meaningful and beautiful.

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It is the main form of final certification for Russian schoolchildren who graduated in 11th grade. This test makes students and their parents not only nervous in preparing for the exam, but also anxiously awaiting the results. The points scored will show whether the student can become a student budget form training, and save parents the cost of the contract, and subsequently become a sought-after specialist with a decent salary.

However, despite the obligation of the exam, you first need to get admission to the exam. Do not think that for this it is enough to write a statement! To students who don't like too much school items and preparation for them, first you have to cover your debts. In addition, all students are required to write in Russian. Well, let's figure out how to be guaranteed the right to pass the exam in 2018!

To get admission to the USE-2018, you will have to fulfill a number of requirements!

How to get access to writing the exam?

Admission to the national exams can be obtained by:

persons who have graduated high school earlier than 2017\2018 academic year;
11th grade students who completed secondary educational institution in the current academic year;
children who studied under the secondary school program in foreign institutions;
students of institutions that do not have confirmed state accreditation for the provision of educational services, as well as children who received family education or were engaged in self-education. Such persons need to write an application for passing the exam 3 months before the exam.

persons with medical evidence of health problems, as well as those who help in the education of children with disabilities;
those who study in institutions of a special educational-correctional type, or have been trained in places of deprivation of liberty;
individuals who have completed a vocational training program.

However, if the above categories of persons have no desire to take the exam, then in order to obtain a school certificate they will still have to take another form of examination. In Russia, this is GVE.

Requirements for the participants of the exam

The regulatory documents issued by the educational departments of the Russian Federation state that admission to the Unified State Examination can be obtained only if the student meets the following criteria:

has at least a satisfactory rating for the implementation of an individual plan (the student must close the year with at least triples and not have a single deuce);
at the set time, wrote and passed the final essay or presentation in the Russian language, which received a positive assessment from the checking teacher (everyone who received a “test” receives admission);
may present a passport at the registration procedure.

A separate requirement in the form of additional admission to the Unified State Exam is put forward for those children who studied in a family or in schools without state accreditation - first they will have an intermediate certification in disciplines from the school curriculum, which must be passed at least three. If such children intend to enter a university, they should pass the intermediate certification as best as possible - after all, it is these marks that will go into their school certificate.

If you did not study at school, an intermediate certification will become admission to the exam

Passing the exam in an additional or early period

The following categories of persons can access the examination held in the additional period:

schoolchildren who received a deuce in no more than one of the subjects related to the list of compulsory (in Russian or mathematics), and no more than one subject from the variable part of the exam;
students who wrote the exam on the main dates, but were forced to leave the examination room without finishing work with the ticket. The reason why the student left the exam must be valid and supported by documents;
graduates who applied due to a violation of the procedure for conducting the exam in the main period (bad sound in listening, lack of handouts, etc.). If the score turned out to be significantly lower than expected, and the fact of the violation was proven, then the student can write the exam again.

Students who were removed from the classroom for inappropriate behavior or cheating, as well as those who received deuces in two at once, cannot receive admission to retake the exam. compulsory subjects. The next chance to get a certificate and pass the exam will be given to them only in a year.

Admission to early USE provided:

11th graders who want to go to the spring draft campaign;
athletes who are going to go to competitions or training camps at the country or world level;
schoolchildren who represent the Russian Federation at a competition or olympiad of Russian or world significance, if the dates of these events coincide with the main USE;
students who need to undergo treatment or prevention for health reasons;
children who move to another country (for family reasons or to study).

Final essay as admission to the Unified State Exam-2018

Details about the nuances of the final essay can be found in. We will now focus only on organizational issues. Most of the guys write an essay, as it can be taken into account when entering a university - in contrast to the presentation, which is not considered by universities. Application must be submitted no later than 2 weeks prior to writing the paper. Graduates who graduated from school earlier than the 2017/2018 academic year must attach the original documents on their education to the application.

Practice writing essays to accurately get admission to the Unified State Examination-2018

In Russian practice, a certain day is assigned to this event, which is the first Wednesday of December. You can write an essay for 235 minutes. The work of only those participants who have written more than 350 words, formulating thoughts on their own, and not reproducing memorized texts, is checked. Otherwise, "failure" is immediately put.

Who can choose the form of work on their own?

Between writing an essay and a presentation, the following groups of people can choose:

children with handicapped health;
disabled people;
children studying in institutions of a sanatorium-resort type due to prolonged treatment or rehabilitation;
persons who are studying in closed educational institutions and places of deprivation of liberty.

The first two categories of persons will receive 1.5 additional hours for writing work. An important point: such teenagers will write work in conditions that correspond to their state of health. Children with special needs they can even write work at home, if such a need is confirmed by the conclusions of a commission consisting of psychologists, doctors and teachers.

Special conditions are created for children who have an autistic disorder, are hard of hearing or have significant speech impairments. They can read the text that is submitted for presentation for 40 minutes. Another point concerns persons with disabilities and those who have disabilities - such teenagers can submit their presentation orally rather than in writing. In addition, such participants should be provided with assistants to help them move around the room, take their place and read the text.

We also note that if the essay was chosen at will, then a disabled child or a student with disabilities can choose a date that is convenient for them from the proposed list. Participants need to write a work of 250-300 words, presenting information on their own, based on the proposed text, but not writing it down verbatim. If these criteria are not met, then the work is immediately given a “failure”.

Essay resubmission

Did you write a bad essay? Don't worry - you still have a chance to retake!

Additional deadlines for writing a work in the form of an essay or presentation in Russia are the first Wednesday in February and the first working Wednesday in May. List of reasons that give the right to retake an essay or presentation.

2017-2018 academic year

Council on the conduct of the final essay in graduation classes chaired by N.D. Solzhenitsyna identified 5 open areas for the topics of the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year. On the air of the Russia 1 TV channel, the directions of the topics of the final essay were announced today by the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation O.Yu. Vasilyeva and Advisor to the President of the Russian Federation V.I. Tolstoy.

5 open areas of topics for the final essay of the USE for the 2017/18 academic year:

1. Loyalty and betrayal

2. Indifference and responsiveness

3. Ends and means

4. Courage and cowardice

5. Man and society

As in previous years, the final essay is the admission of graduates to the state final certification. At the same time, students with disabilities have the right to choose the writing of the presentation. The result of the final essay is "pass" or "fail". If the graduate received an unsatisfactory result for the final essay, he is given the opportunity to retake it.

Within the framework of open areas for the topics of the final essay, specific topics of the final essay are developed (texts of presentations are selected) for each time zone separately. Specific topics of the final essay (texts of presentations) are delivered to the local education authorities on the day of the final essay (statement).

Commentary on open thematic areas 2017/18 academic year, prepared by specialists of the FGBNU "FIPI"

1. "Loyalty and betrayal."
Within the framework of the direction, one can talk about fidelity and betrayal as opposite manifestations of the human personality, considering them from a philosophical, ethical, psychological point of view and referring to life and literary examples.
The concepts of "fidelity" and "treason" are at the center of the plots of many works of different eras and characterize the actions of heroes in a situation. moral choice both in personal relationships and in social contexts.

2. "Indifference and responsiveness"
Themes this direction aim students at comprehending different types of a person’s attitude to people and to the world (indifference to others, unwillingness to spend mental strength on someone else’s life or sincere readiness to share his joys and troubles with his neighbor, to provide him with disinterested help).
In literature, we meet, on the one hand, heroes with a warm heart, ready to respond to other people's joys and troubles, and on the other hand, characters embodying the opposite, selfish, personality type.

3. "Ends and means"
The concepts of this direction are interconnected and allow us to think about the life aspirations of a person, the importance of meaningful goal setting, the ability to correctly correlate the goal and the means to achieve it, as well as the ethical assessment of human actions.
Many literary works feature characters who deliberately or mistakenly chose unsuitable means to implement their plans. And it often turns out that a good goal serves only as a cover for true (lower) plans. Such characters are opposed to heroes for whom the means to achieve a lofty goal are inseparable from the requirements of morality.

4. "Courage and cowardice"
This direction is based on a comparison of opposite manifestations of the human "I": readiness for decisive actions and the desire to hide from danger, to evade the resolution of complex, sometimes extreme life situations.
On the pages of many literary works both heroes capable of bold actions and characters demonstrating weakness of spirit and lack of will are presented.

5. "Man and society"
For the topics of this direction, the view of a person as a representative of society is relevant. Society largely shapes the personality, but the personality is also able to influence the society. Topics will allow you to consider the problem of the individual and society with different parties: in terms of their harmonious interaction, complex confrontation or irreconcilable conflict. It is equally important to think about the conditions under which a person must obey social laws, and society must take into account the interests of each person. Literature has always shown interest in the problem of the relationship between man and society, the creative or destructive consequences of this interaction for the individual and for human civilization.

GENERAL INFORMATION:

The final essay (statement) as admission to USE graduates educational organizations implementing programs of secondary general education, first introduced in the 2014-2015 academic year in pursuance of the order of the President Russian Federation in order to identify students' ability to think, analyze and prove their position based on independently selected works of domestic and world literature.

The following categories of persons may write the statement:

Students with disabilities or disabled and handicapped children;

Students of educational programs secondary general education in special educational institutions of a closed type, as well as in institutions executing punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty;

Students studying at home, in educational organizations, including sanatorium-and-spa, which carry out the necessary medical, rehabilitation and recreational activities for those in need of long-term treatment based on the conclusion of a medical organization.

The final essay, if desired, can also be written by graduates of previous years to present its results when entering universities.

Essay writing time - 3 hours 55 minutes.

The examination set includes 5 essay topics from a closed list (one topic from each open thematic area).

The topics of essays themselves will be known to graduates 15 minutes before the start of the exam. The result of the final essay (statement) will be “pass” or “fail”, however, only graduates who have received a “pass” will be allowed to pass the unified state exam and the state final exam.

Topics, as in the past year, will be formed by time zones.

The essay is evaluated according to five criteria: relevance to the topic; argumentation, attraction of literary material; composition; speech quality; literacy.

They check the essays (statements) of the Commission of educational organizations or expert commissions created at the municipal / regional level.

2018-2019 academic year

Minister of Education of the Russian Federation O.Yu. Vasilyeva announced five areas of the final essay topics for the 2018/19 academic year

Fathers and Sons
Dream and reality
Revenge and generosity
Art and craft
Kindness and cruelty

As in previous years, the final essay is the admission of graduates to the state final certification. At the same time, students with disabilities have the right to choose the writing of the presentation. Within the framework of open areas for the topics of the final essay, specific topics of the final essay are developed (texts of presentations are selected) for each time zone separately. Specific topics of the final essay (texts of presentations) are delivered to the local education authorities on the day of the final essay (statement).

The final essay is held on the first working Wednesday of December, February and May. The dates for the current academic year are: 05.12.2018; 06.02.2019; 08.05.2019.

Commentary on the open thematic areas of the 2018/19 academic year, prepared by the specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FIPI"

1. Fathers and children
This direction is addressed to the eternal problem of human existence, associated with the inevitability of generational change, harmonious and disharmonious relationships between "fathers" and "children". This topic is touched upon in many works of literature, where different types interaction between representatives of different generations (from conflict confrontation to mutual understanding and continuity) and reveals the causes of confrontation between them, as well as ways of their spiritual rapprochement.

2. Dream and reality
The concepts of “dream” and “reality” are in many respects opposed and at the same time closely related, they aim at comprehending various ideas about the world and the meaning of life, at thinking about how reality gives rise to a dream and how a person’s dream raises him above the ordinary. There are many heroes in literature who have different attitudes to the dream: some are inspired by noble aspirations and are ready to realize them, others are captivated by beautiful-hearted dreams, others are deprived of lofty dreams and are subordinated to base goals.

3. Revenge and generosity
Within the framework of this direction, one can talk about diametrically opposed manifestations of human nature associated with ideas of good and evil, mercy and cruelty, peacefulness and aggression. The concepts of "revenge" and "generosity" often find themselves in the focus of attention of writers who explore a person's reactions to life's challenges, to the actions of other people, analyze the behavior of heroes in a situation of moral choice, both in personal and socio-historical terms.

4. Art and craft
The topics of this direction actualize the ideas of graduates about the purpose of works of art and the degree of talent of their creators, provide an opportunity to reflect on the mission of the artist and his role in society, about where the craft ends and art begins. Literature constantly refers to the understanding of the phenomenon of creativity, the image of creative work, helps to reveal the inner world of the character through his attitude to art and craft.

5. Kindness and cruelty
This direction aims graduates to think about moral foundations attitude towards man and all living things, allows us to think, on the one hand, about the humanistic desire to value and protect life, on the other hand, about the inhuman desire to cause suffering and pain to others and even to oneself. The concepts of "kindness" and "cruelty" belong to the "eternal" categories; many works of literature show characters gravitating towards one of these poles or going through the path of moral rebirth.

Recommendations on the organization and conduct of the final essay (statement) for the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that carry out public administration in the field of education
Recommendations on the technical support of the organization and conduct of the final essay (statement)
Collection of reporting forms for the final essay (statement)
Criteria for evaluating the final essay (statement)
Rules for filling out the forms of the final essay (statement)
Guidelines for the preparation and conduct of the final essay (statement) for educational organizations implementing educational programs of secondary general education
Guidelines for preparing for the final essay (statement) for participants final essay (statement)
Guidelines for experts participating in the verification of the final essay (statement)

Methodological materials to help graduates and teachers are posted

GENERAL INFORMATION:

The final essay (statement) as admission to the Unified State Examination of graduates of educational organizations implementing programs of secondary general education was first introduced in the 2014-2015 academic year in pursuance of the instructions of the President of the Russian Federation in order to identify students' ability to think, analyze and prove their position based on their own selected works of domestic and world literature.

The following categories of persons may write the statement:

students with disabilities or disabled and handicapped children;
students studying in educational programs of secondary general education in special educational institutions of a closed type, as well as in institutions executing punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty;
students studying at home, in educational organizations, including sanatoriums and resorts, in which the necessary medical, rehabilitation and recreational activities are carried out for those in need of long-term treatment based on the conclusion of a medical organization.

The final essay, if desired, can also be written by graduates of previous years to present its results when entering universities.

Writing time - 3 hours 55 minutes.

The examination set includes 5 essay topics from a closed list (one topic from each open thematic area).

Topics, as in the past year, will be formed by time zones.

The essay is evaluated according to five criteria: relevance to the topic; argumentation, attraction of literary material; composition; speech quality; literacy.

They check the essays (statements) of the Commission of educational organizations or expert commissions created at the municipal / regional level.

Final essay (outline)

2017-2018 academic year

Council for the conduct of the final essay in the graduating classes, chaired by N.D. Solzhenitsyna identified 5 open areas for the topics of the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year. On the air of the Russia 1 TV channel, the directions of the topics of the final essay were announced today by the Minister of Education and Science of the Russian Federation O.Yu. Vasilyeva and Advisor to the President of the Russian Federation V.I. Tolstoy.

5 open areas for topics of the final essay for the 2017/18 academic year:

"Loyalty and betrayal"
"Indifference and Responsiveness"
"Aims and Means"
"Courage and Cowardice"
"Man and society".

As in previous years, the final essay is the admission of graduates to the state final certification. At the same time, students with disabilities have the right to choose the writing of the presentation. The result of the final essay is "pass" or "fail". If the graduate received an unsatisfactory result for the final essay, he is given the opportunity to retake it.

Commentary on the open thematic areas of the 2017/18 academic year, prepared by the specialists of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "FIPI"

1. "Loyalty and betrayal." Within the framework of the direction, one can talk about fidelity and betrayal as opposite manifestations of the human personality, considering them from a philosophical, ethical, psychological point of view and referring to life and literary examples. The concepts of "fidelity" and "treason" are at the center of the plots of many works of different eras and characterize the actions of heroes in a situation of moral choice, both in personal relationships and in a social context.

2. "Indifference and responsiveness" The topics of this direction aim students at comprehending different types of a person’s attitude to people and to the world (indifference to others, unwillingness to spend mental strength on someone else’s life or sincere readiness to share his joys and troubles with his neighbor, to provide him with disinterested help). In literature, we meet, on the one hand, heroes with a warm heart, ready to respond to other people's joys and troubles, and on the other hand, characters embodying the opposite, selfish, personality type.

3. "Ends and means" The concepts of this direction are interconnected and allow us to think about the life aspirations of a person, the importance of meaningful goal setting, the ability to correctly correlate the goal and the means to achieve it, as well as the ethical assessment of human actions. Many literary works feature characters who deliberately or mistakenly chose unsuitable means to implement their plans. And it often turns out that a good goal serves only as a cover for true (lower) plans. Such characters are opposed to heroes for whom the means to achieve a lofty goal are inseparable from the requirements of morality.

4. "Courage and cowardice" This direction is based on a comparison of opposite manifestations of the human "I": readiness for decisive actions and the desire to hide from danger, to evade the resolution of complex, sometimes extreme life situations. On the pages of many literary works, both heroes capable of bold actions and characters demonstrating weakness of spirit and lack of will are presented.

5. "Man and society" For the topics of this direction, the view of a person as a representative of society is relevant. Society largely shapes the personality, but the personality is also able to influence the society. Topics will allow us to consider the problem of the individual and society from different angles: from the point of view of their harmonious interaction, complex confrontation or irreconcilable conflict. It is equally important to think about the conditions under which a person must obey social laws, and society must take into account the interests of each person. Literature has always shown interest in the problem of the relationship between man and society, the creative or destructive consequences of this interaction for the individual and for human civilization.

GENERAL INFORMATION:

The following categories of persons may write the statement:

students with disabilities or disabled and handicapped children;
students studying in educational programs of secondary general education in special educational institutions of a closed type, as well as in institutions executing punishment in the form of deprivation of liberty;
students studying at home, in educational organizations, including sanatoriums and resorts, in which the necessary medical, rehabilitation and recreational activities are carried out for those in need of long-term treatment based on the conclusion of a medical organization.

The final essay, if desired, can also be written by graduates of previous years to present its results when entering universities.

Writing time - 3 hours 55 minutes.

The examination set includes 5 essay topics from a closed list (one topic from each open thematic area).

Topics, as in the past year, will be formed by time zones.

The essay is evaluated according to five criteria: relevance to the topic; argumentation, attraction of literary material; composition; speech quality; literacy.

They check the essays (statements) of the Commission of educational organizations or expert commissions created at the municipal / regional level.