Rear railroad station on the way to the front. Water tower. Two straight old poplars. A low brick station, surrounded by dense acacias. The troop train stops. To the carriage with wallets in hand ...

Rear railway station on the way to the front. Water tower. Two straight old poplars. A low brick station, surrounded by dense acacias.

The troop train stops. Two village children run up to the carriage with wallets in their hands.

Lieutenant Martynov asks:

- How much is the currant?

The senior answers:

“We don’t take money from you, Comrade Commander.

The boy conscientiously fills the glass on horseback, so that the currants fall on the hot dust between the sleepers. He tosses the glass into the placed bowler hat, lifts his head and, listening to the distant rumble, announces:

- "Henkel" is buzzing ... Wow! Wow! Choked. Do not be afraid, Comrade Lieutenant, there they are our fighters. Here the Germans have no passage in the sky.

- Axis! There is a thump ...

Lieutenant Martynov is interested in this message. He sits on the floor by the door and, hanging his legs outward, eating currants, asks:

- Hm! And what, lad, are people doing in that war?

- They shoot, - explains the boy, - they take a gun or a cannon, direct ... and bang! And you're done.

- What's ready?

- That's what! - the boy exclaims with annoyance. - They will pull the trigger, press, and that will be death.

- To whom is death - me? - And Martynov calmly pokes a finger in his chest.

- No! - the boy, surprised by the incomprehensibility of the commander, cries out in disappointment. - A wicked person has come, throwing bombs on huts, on sheds. There the grandmother was killed, two cows were torn apart. About what, - he mockingly shamed the lieutenant, - he put on a revolver, but he doesn't know how to fight.

Lieutenant Martynov is confused. The commanders around him laugh.

The locomotive beeps.

The boy, the one who carried the currants, takes the angry little brother by the hand and, walking towards the moving cars, explains to him in a drawn-out and condescending manner:

- They know! They're kidding! These are such people traveling ... cheerful, desperate! One commander handed me a three-ruble piece of paper for a glass of currants on the move. Well, I followed the carriage, ran, ran. But all the same he put the piece of paper into the carriage.

- Here ... - the boy nods his head approvingly. - What do you want! And he should buy kvass or sitra there during the war.

- That's bad! - the elder says condescendingly, speeding up his pace and keeping in line with the carriage. - Do they drink this in war? Don't push me to my side! Don't turn your head! This is our "I-16" - a fighter, and the German one is humming heavily, with a break. The war is going on for the second month, and you do not know your planes.

* * *

Combatant zone. Passing herds of collective farm cattle, which go to the calm pastures to the east, to the crossroads of the village, the car stops.

A lad of about fifteen jumps up the step. He's asking for something. The brute bellows, and a long whip clicks in the clouds of dust.

The engine rattles, the chauffeur desperately honks, driving away the stupid brute, which will not turn off until it hits the radiator with its forehead. What does the boy want? We do not understand. Of money? Of bread?

Then suddenly it turns out:

- Uncle, give me two cartridges.

- What do you need cartridges for?

- And so ... as a keepsake.

“They don’t give ammunition for memory.

I shove him a lattice shell from a hand grenade and a spent shiny cartridge case.

The boy's lips curl contemptuously:

- Well! What's the use of them?

- Ah, dear! So you need a memory that can be confusing? Maybe I should give you this green bottle or this black, egg, pomegranate? Maybe you need to unhook that little anti-tank gun from the tractor? Get in the car, don't lie and speak straight.

And so the story begins, full of secret omissions, evasions, although in general everything has been clear to us for a long time.

A dense forest closed tightly around the road, deep ravines lay across the road, and marshy reed swamps spread along the banks of the river. Fathers, uncles and older brothers leave for partisans. And he is still young, but clever, daring. He knows all the dells, the last forty kilometers in the neighborhood.

Fearing that they would not believe him, he pulls out from his bosom a Komsomol ticket wrapped in oilcloth. And not having the right to say anything more, licking his chapped, dusty lips, he waits eagerly and impatiently.

I look into his eyes. I put a clip in his hot hand. This is a clip from my rifle. It is recorded on me.

I take responsibility for the fact that each bullet fired from these five rounds will fly exactly in the right direction.

- What is your name?

- Listen, Yakov, why do you need cartridges if you don't have a rifle? What are you going to shoot from an empty jar?

The truck starts to move. Yakov jumps off the footboard, he jumps up and cheerfully shouts something absurd, stupid. He laughs and mysteriously shakes his finger at me. Then, pushing his fist in the face of the cow that was twirling around, he disappears in clouds of dust.

Oh, No! This guy will not put the clip in an empty jar.

* * *

Children! The war struck tens of thousands of them in the same way as adults, if only because the fascist bombs dropped over peaceful cities have the same force for everyone.

Acutely, often more acutely than adults, adolescents are boys, girls are experiencing the events of the Great Patriotic War.

They eagerly, to the last point, listen to the information of the Information Bureau, memorize all the details of heroic deeds, write down the names of the heroes, their titles, their surnames.

With boundless respect they see off the echelons leaving for the front, with boundless love they greet the wounded arriving from the front.

I saw our children in the deep rear, in the alarming front line and even on the front line itself. And everywhere I saw in them a great thirst for business, work and even heroism.

* * *

Before the battle, I recently met a boy on the bank of a river.

Searching for the missing cow in order to shorten the path, he swam across the river and suddenly found himself in the disposition of the Germans.

Hiding in the bushes, he sat three steps away from the fascist commanders, who were talking for a long time about something, holding a map in front of them.

He came back to us and told us about what he had seen.

I asked him:

- Wait a minute! But you heard what their bosses said, this is very important for us.

The boy was surprised:

- So they, Comrade Commander, spoke German!

“I know it’s not Turkish.” How many grades have you finished? Nine? So you should have understood at least something from their conversation?

He threw up his hands sadly and sadly:

- Eh, comrade commander! If I knew about this meeting earlier ...

Years will pass. You will become adults. And then, in a good hour of rest after a great and peaceful work, you will be happy to remember that once, in the terrible days for the Motherland, you did not hang out under your feet, did not sit idly by, and how you could help your country in its difficult and a very important fight against human-hated fascism.

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About the article by Y. Korobchinsky "... we will not humble ourselves to the former blindness", dedicated to the memoirs of Konstantin Simonov

After all, in the course of his searches, he will probably find either "Boevaya leaf", or "Front newspaper": a kind of

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COMPLEX MECHANIZATION OF CULTIVATION OF VINEYARDS AND FRUIT CROPS ABSTRACT DIS. ... DOCTORS OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES

GEORGIAN ORDER OF LABOR RED BANNER AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE

The purpose and objectives of the research. a) theoretical and experimental research on some horticultural machines; b) experimental samples and schematic diagrams of machines created, improved and developed both by the dissertation candidate himself and under his leadership:

the ability to bring the tillage implements closer to the trees and thereby reduce the width of the "protective strips<...>cultivation of soil in the aisles of vineyards and fruit plantations, tillage („protective strips<...>When working in mountainous conditions, the tractor unit should turn at the headland on strips of width<...>The uprooting was started from the upper edge of the lower (first) strip, and the complete uprooting of the small forest<...>in the second lane, the forest was demolished to the already free first lane, and so on until the slope was completely cleared of small forests

Preview: COMPLEX MECHANIZATION OF CULTIVATION OF VINEYARDS AND FRUIT CROPS.pdf (0,0 Mb)

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In the silence of the museum in Moscow and the Moscow region

The book tells about various cultural monuments of Moscow and the Moscow region, acquaintance with which expands the readers' understanding of Russian culture, the spiritual life of Muscovites.

The horizontal rows are underlined with red stripes.<...>passed Copyright OJSC "Central Design Bureau" BIBCOM "& LLC" Agency Book-Service "124" the most mature and active strip<...>The prose works of Chekhov reflected a large period of Russian life in the second half of the 19th century: social

Preview: In the silence of the museum in Moscow and the Moscow region.pdf (0.7 Mb)

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Actual problems of linguistic cultural studies. Issue 8 collection of scientific. works

Moscow: Prometheus Publishing House

The collection contains articles by teachers, graduate students and students of the Faculty of Slavic and Western European Philology of the Moscow Pedagogical State University, reflecting the main scientific directions developed at the departments of the faculty and aimed both at covering theoretical issues and on methodological and applied problems of the educational process.

the sea is strangely lit; the water was lilac, so soft and warm, and there was a golden streak across it from the moon<...>oligarchic ("Nobody set himself the task of building exactly oligarchic capitalism"

Preview: Actual problems of linguistic cultural studies Collection of scientific works. Issue 8.pdf (0.8 Mb)

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The study guide was prepared by a team of leading historians and educators Orenburg region coordinated by the efforts of the Department of Russian History of the Orenburg Pedagogical University, within the framework of the federal project "History of Russia through the history of regions", which is part of the innovative educational and methodological complex "History". The manual characterizes the most important processes and events in the history of the Orenburg region - a unique and distinctive Eurasian region - in close connection with the history of all of Russia. The political, economic, socio-cultural, spiritual aspects of the life of the regional community can be traced from antiquity to the present day. The book is supplied with questions to update the material in the all-Russian context, reference materials and assignments for working with sources. Content and methodological apparatus study guide meet the requirements of the Historical and Cultural Standard and the Federal State Educational Standard for a complete secondary general education... The manual is focused on the development of a system of skills necessary for the successful development of the course of regional history and preparation for the Unified State Exam.

separate khanates (Crimean, Kazan, Astrakhan, Nogai horde) a wide, hundreds of kilometers, strip<...>cases of our fellow countrymen-Orenburg residents, former prisoners of war, combat reports, orders, front-line<...>"Blood of the People", "Nadezhda Svetlova"; his cantata "Rise, Soviet People" and the cycle of romances "Front<...>The alternating blue and silver wavy stripes symbolize the large number of rivers flowing<...>Exactly in the middle it is crossed by a wavy blue strip, symbolizing the Ural River.

Preview: HISTORY OF ORENBURG REGION.pdf (0,5 Mb)

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No. 152 [Grani, 1989]

JOURNAL OF LITERATURE, ART, SCIENCE AND PUBLIC THOUGHT. Among the authors of "Facets" in different years were such writers and poets as A. Akhmatova, L. Borodin, I. Bunin, Z. Gippius, Y. Dombrovsky, B. Zaitsev, N. Lossky, A. Kuprin, V. Soloukhin , M. Tsvetaeva, O. P. Ilyinsky.

I drove into the street under my windows, and not by the front doors to the red-hot square, lashed with blinding stripes<...>When I’m completely tired To bear the mockery and trouble, I’ll get a front revolver And I’ll bring everything to the point.<...>After all, in the course of his searches, he will probably find either "Boevaya leaf", or "Front newspaper": a kind of

Preview: Facets No. 152 1989.pdf (0.1 Mb)

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This article is devoted to the problem of clothing security Active army during the Great Patriotic War. Clothing is characterized and analyzed from the perspective of the daily life of the troops. The dynamics of changes can be traced military uniform, the difference between formal statutory requirements and front-line realities, a conclusion was made about the dialectical nature of the material facet of the daily life of the troops, which combined the formally organized and spontaneous moments. At the same time, the realities of wearing military uniforms often reflected not so much the statutory requirements as the needs of adaptation of representatives of the military society to the harsh conditions of total war. At the same time, changes in the appearance of the RKKA servicemen on the basis of the directives of the military-political leadership of the USSR reflected the dynamics of ideological and political fluctuations in the official course of power.

Keywords: the Great Patriotic War, front-line everyday life, the Red Army, uniform, clothing and<...>As you can see, the front-line expediency was mated here with the generally accepted practice.<...>This is a long strip of cotton fabric of a protective or black color, 3 or more meters and a width of at least 20 cm.<...>foot, and then spirally in several layers and tightly enough wound the rest of the strip<...>Frontline generation. - M., 1995; Smyslov O.S. The everyday truth of the war. - M., 2013; Somov K.

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Frontline realities in this article are objects and phenomena that surround a person in war. The names of front-line realities include military terms and their speech doublets - professionalisms and jargon. Frontline realities are also the realities of trench life; their names relate to the sphere of the common language and everyday speech. Benchmarking analysis the text of the novel and its German translation identifies ways of transferring the names of domestic front-line realities in the language of the host culture.

Frontline realities are also the realities of trench life; their names relate to the sphere of the common language<...>Key words: frontline realities, military terms, professionalisms, military jargon, realities of the trench<...>In the front-line lexicon, colloquivalisms of the neutral type appear - the neutral strip, the front - front<...>marked units of military-professional and military-slang speech such as neutral, neutral - neutral band<...>Here are some examples of the search for stylistic equivalence: - neutral, neutral - neutral stripe -

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Front, rear, science: the contribution of regions to the Victory Sat. articles of Vseros. scientific-practical conference, Kazan, May 18, 2015

The collection contains articles by the participants of the All-Russian scientific-practical conference "Front, rear, science: the contribution of regions to Victory", held in Kazan on May 18, 2015.

The task was to quickly move enterprises from the front line to the rear and accelerate the entry<...>Echelons with the evacuated population from the front line began to arrive in Aktyubinsk already at the beginning<...>stripes ".<...>The evacuated population from the front line continued to arrive in 1942. July 11, 1942<...>adopted a resolution "On the reception and accommodation of the evacuated population arriving from the front line

Preview: Front, rear, science contribution of regions to the Victory collection of articles of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference (Kazan, May 18, 2015) .pdf (0.9 Mb)

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The planning of new spring-summer operations on the Voronezh Front began at the end of March 1943.On March 27 and 31, orders were issued to F.I.Golikov and N.F. arcs

defense ", that is, in about a month (by April 25) to build five defensive zones on the territory of the front<...>The result of this joint analysis of representatives of the central and front-line leadership and the stated<...>SOCIOLOGY, 2007, No. 1 of the enemy, but now (based on the data of front-line intelligence) "roughly<...>The revised May plan for the combat use of front-line aviation was first approved by N.F.<...>SOCIOLOGY, 2007, No. 1 of operations in the zone of this front during June.

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The article is based on information collected and systematized by M.Yu. Bykov in the reference book “Aces of the Great Patriotic War. The most productive pilots 1941-1945. " 2007, about 1114 fighter pilots of the Soviet Air Force who participated in the Great Patriotic War. This elite group is analyzed from the position of participation in hostilities and the number of downed Nazi planes. The types of domestic fighters and those received from the allies under Lend-Lease are established, the number of downed fascist aircraft is analyzed. All those named in the source were born in the first quarter of the 20th century. and were under the age of 40 during the war. Their contribution to the conquest of air supremacy amounted to 23,974 individually and 3,315 collectively shot down enemy aircraft, a total of 27,289 combat vehicles (24.5 for each), or 48% of the total number of destroyed on the Soviet-German front. Domestic production became the material basis for the Soviet Air Force's conquest of air supremacy; an insignificant part of the aircraft on which the Soviet aces fought (2%) were fighters received under Lend-Lease.

After a successful flight, “Klubov's plane touched the unpaved runway and ran along it<...>Under the influence of the crosswind, the plane almost imperceptibly began to evade to the right, rolled out of the runway<...>She was a little to the side of the runway, to the right, hidden by the grass.<...>In 1942, graduates and instructors of flight schools came to the front-line fighter regiments.<...>Apparently, this was facilitated by the everyday life of the front-line fighter pilots.

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The Su-7 aircraft, which was in service with the USSR Air Force, is a typical representative of tactical aircraft of its time. Built as a fighter jet at the start of the Cold War, it has evolved into a fighter-bomber and nuclear weapon carrier. The Su-7 was constantly improved, its combat capabilities expanded, and its flight characteristics improved, which allowed the aircraft to become a fairly successful commercial project and remain in service with many countries for a long time. Its strong and reliable design became the basis for the development of many interesting projects, one of which was the aircraft with a variable wing sweep - Su-17

The situation in the USSR front-line aviation played in Sukhoi's favor.<...>The Mikoyan Design Bureau put up its new front-line fighter MiG-19 against them.<...>scheduled for another high-speed run with an approach, release of a brake parachute and a stop at the end of the runway<...>He gave full revs to the engine, accelerated the plane to the take-off speed, tore the plane off the runway.<...>I immediately reduced the speed, but immediately determined that there was not enough landing strip and the plane would be destroyed

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No. 10 [Military Thought, 2009]

The oldest and main military theoretical publication of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation... It dates back to 1858, when, on the initiative of Professor of the Imperial Military Academy D.A. Milyutin, the magazine Voenny Sbornik was founded. Its pages reflected the problems of military policy, military art and other issues of military affairs. After October revolution, in 1918 saw the light of a military scientific journal called "Military Affairs". This date is officially recognized as the day of foundation of Voennaya Mysl, although it received its name only on January 1, 1937 (after Voennoye Delo, the magazine was called Voennaya Nauka i Revolyutsiya, Voennaya Mysl i Revolyutsiya, Voina i Revolyutsiya) ... The magazine is intended for the highest and senior command personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, specialists from research institutions of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, faculty and officers-students of military academies, universities and institutes, heads of defense industry enterprises. Currently, the journal analyzes the experience of conducting military operations in wars and armed conflicts of the 20th and 21st centuries. on the most important issues of strategy and operational art and determining the possible nature of future wars. In addition, "Military Thought" covers the methodologies of military science, special branches of knowledge of the social, natural and technical sciences and their defense aspects. The magazine also informs about the main directions of the development of weapons, military equipment and military-technical cooperation.

So, the depth of the front offensive operations increased to 300-400 km, army - up to 150-200 km.<...>The defense of front-line and army formations continued to be divided into tactical and operational zones.<...>It included the main and second lines of defense, as well as cut-off lines located between them, anti-tank<...>and front (two or three) defensive zones with elements of defense formation located between them<...>divisions, front lines - the second echelon of the front (mechanized army) and separate reserve corps

Preview: Military Thought No. 10 2009.pdf (12.1 Mb)

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If in May about 2,500 Luftwaffe flights were recorded in the Voronezh Front, then<...>Of the 3 thousand Luftwaffe flights in the Voronezh front, about 600 were performed at night

The sentry is filmed in an obstacle course. There are no obstacles for the paratroopers ...<...>Front-line experience in organizing interaction is a complex and multifaceted process.<...>The loss on the offensive line layout somehow fills this gap.<...>In each it was planned to create not one, but two fortified strips.<...>Procurements were carried out by both front-line, army and military supply bodies.

Preview: Army collection No. 8 2008.pdf (2.0 Mb)

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Alexander Osipovich Lukyanov, a veteran of the Great Patriotic War, an honorary retired judge, who worked for more than 36 years in the Kandalaksha District Court of the Murmansk Region, told us about the years of his childhood and youth, the terrible military trials and his professional development, of which he was its chairman Alexander for 24 years. Osipovich was awarded the Order of the Red Star, the Patriotic War, military and jubilee medals. The first in the Murmansk region, he was awarded the high title "Honored Lawyer of the RSFSR". On April 23, 2008 he was awarded the title of "Honorary Citizen of the city of Kandalaksha".

We rhythmically and imperceptibly tried to approach closer to the front line of the village of Voznesenie, did several

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The article presents the results of a study of the spatio-temporal patterns of irrecoverable losses of the Armed Forces of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War. The exact division into front-line and state ones is given. irrecoverable losses... The relationship between the types of campaigns and periods of war, on the one hand, and lethal and non-lethal losses, on the other, is shown.

The exact division into front-line and state irrecoverable losses is given.<...>1944 accounted for 23.3% of lethal and 3.8% of illegal front losses in the Second World War.<...>The fifth stage accounted for 10.8% of lethal and 1.5% of non-lethal front-line losses in WWII.<...>The southwestern direction includes the northern and middle strips of Ukraine, Belgorod region, districts<...>They accounted for 6.7% of lethal and 7.5% of non-lethal front-line losses.

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In memory of the departed and for the glory of the living. Chronicle of events: June 22, 1941 - May 9, 1945

The public library (now the National Library of Russia) during the Great Patriotic War is the topic of this publication. The history of the country, city, library is reflected in the chronicle of events from June 1941 to May 1945.

<...> <...> <...> <...>

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No. 10 [Aviation collection, 2017]

flight and the possibility of basing on forward airfields in Europe with short runways<...>distinguished by the rejection of vertical take-off and landing, replaced by shortened ones when operating from unpaved strips<...>About 2 km remained to the landing strip, the crew was able to safely extinguish the speed to a full stop<...>The black stripe on the bow and the white radome fairing matched other vehicles.<...>The black antiglare stripes remain.

Preview: Aviation collection # 10 2017.pdf (0.6 Mb)

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No. 14 [Russian newspaper - Week. Far East, 2015]

National socio-political newspaper

Their front-line romance lasted thirty-three years - until the very death of Olga Ilyinichna. - We are chaste<...>Pyotr Blazhko is convinced that this is the fault of his front-line youth. - You see, the war does not tolerate scoundrels.<...>Front-line brigades and shifts were created, whose working day lasted 16 hours.<...>soldiers-railroad workers, together with workers of special forces, did everything to move in the front-line<...>Freight locomotives of the "Em" series during the war years carried out the bulk of freight traffic as in the front-line

Preview: Russian newspaper - Week. Far East No. 14 2015.pdf (0.9 Mb)

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On the basis of archival documents, the article examines the issues of providing the Red Army with fuel in the course of preparation (1944) for a decisive offensive in the main direction

To store such valuable materials, they used mobile tanks of army and front-line field<...>and six army (8.3 thousand m3), 1st Belorussian - five front-line and nine army (34.3 thousand m3) 3<...>A front-line task force was assigned to assist the armies in supplying supplies.<...>From July 10, a front-line warehouse began to work at the Krasny Bereg station.<...>when individual military units were cut off by the enemy from the supply bases or fell into the strip

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In memory of the departed and for the glory of the living. Letters from readers from the front. Diaries and memoirs of the staff of the Public Library. 1941-1945.

The public library (now the National Library of Russia) and its readers during the Great Patriotic War - this is the topic of this publication. The history of the country, city, library is reflected in letters, front-line memoirs, chronicles of the life and activities of the library staff.

1941-1945 Saint-Petersburg 1995 Copyright OJSC Central Design Bureau BIBCOM & LLC Agency Book-Service FROM LETTERS FRONT<...>Letters of the war years, the text of which fell on paper in the difficult conditions of the frontline situation, the blockade,<...>stripes, but the front letters speak for themselves).<...>With greetings from the front. A.N.Barkov, N.M.Sholokhov, N.L. Loytsker. April 7, 1943<...>With greetings from the front. A. Shirma. 3.XI.43, Field mail 37576-A (37).

Preview: In memory of the departed and for the glory of the living. Letters from readers from the front. Diaries and memoirs of the staff of the Public Library. 1941-1945. .pdf (0.4 Mb)

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Press in modern armed conflicts: theory and discursive practice textbook. allowance

Ural University Publishing House

The manual examines the theoretical and practical aspects of journalism of recent armed conflicts. Particular attention is paid to the experience of military reporters representing well-known Russian media, techniques and skills of receiving, processing and transmitting information for publication in combat conditions, and ensuring the personal safety of a journalist.

<...>Frontline journalism as a profession.<...>Another important task of journalists working in the front line and in the front line is the search for heroes<...>Frontline journalism as a profession.<...>Frontline journalism as a profession.

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On the basis of archival, memoir and other documentary sources, the article analyzes the organization of military intelligence and the directions of its improvement during the Great Patriotic War.

The reconnaissance detachments performed their tasks in a zone of 3-8 km and at a distance of 20-30 km from the main forces.<...>Analysis of the front-line experience allows us to identify the following ways to improve reconnaissance in force during the war<...>at Stalingrad - in the zone of five armies, and in the Belorussian operation - in the zone of eleven armies at the front<...>In fact, reconnaissance in force in the final period of the war was one of the stages of an army or front-line offensive<...>Behind these figures - deadly front-line labor, military valor, courage and heroic deeds

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Literary and musical composition dedicated to the 70th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War

Musical inserts: "Song of the Front Correspondents". Lyrics by K. Simonov, music. M.<...>Next to the table is an artificial birch with a piece of front-line newspaper fixed on it.<...>Performed "The Song of Front Correspondents". Lyrics by K. Simonov, music. M. Blanter. 5.<...>rains of leaflets from the aircraft hatch, permeated the radio air and tried to fit on the newspaper page<...>Since 1942, the poem has been published chapter by chapter in central and front-line newspapers.

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Front-line (tactical) aviation unites the most numerous grouping of combat aviation complexes. Given the high technical risks in their development and operation, priority attention is paid to the optimization of the composition of the aircraft fleet of front-line aviation throughout the world. For example, for a more thorough consideration of this issue, the US Congress plans to create a special Commission to determine the structure of the Air Force. Over the past several years, the discussion about the composition of the aircraft fleet of the front-line aviation of the Russian Air Force and among domestic aviation specialists has not subsided. At the same time, as a rule, only two main variants of the grouping of multifunctional fighter aircraft (MFS) are considered - a two-aircraft fleet of "heavy" multifunctional fighters (MFIs) and "light" multi-functional fighter aircraft (LFS) and a single-aircraft fleet - only from MFIs.

WHAT WILL PROTECT OUR SKY FROM "PREDATORS"<...>Over the past several years, the discussion about the composition of the aircraft fleet of front-line aviation has not subsided.<...>The main types of promising front-line (tactical aviation) aircraft are presented in Table. 1.<...>The front-line aviation should also include interceptors and attack aircraft.<...>On-board radars include, for example: covert emission of low-energy sounding pulses in a wide band

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An excerpt from the memoirs "That's all ... I am writing to you from the station."

The detachment of Konstantin Zaslonov often fought behind enemy lines, behind the front line and constantly met with

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For almost 15 years, the first lines of world news have been firmly occupied by news from the fronts of the "global war on terrorism", as is called what began after the mysterious attacks on the New York Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in Washington. This war is going on in many regions of the world, but the Middle East remains its epicenter, which has long forgotten what a peaceful life is. It was Islamic terrorists who were blamed for the September 11, 2001 attacks, which were used as "casus belli" - a pretext for war

The basis of the air group was made up of front-line bombers - about 30 relatively old Su-24Ms of 1980 release<...>To support the operations, additional front-line aviation forces were allocated - four Su-<...>27SM and eight front-line bombers Su-34, which can also be used to escort<...>For operations in Syria, this airfield with a very long runway, wide taxiways<...>Although its reconstruction and the construction of the 2nd runway were announced on July 10, 2015

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Constant

“General Vatutin: The Mystery of Death” is the first historical study of the circumstances of the death of the outstanding commander of the Great Patriotic War, General of the Army N.F. Vatutin. The book presents the whole truth without retouching about the events of the bandit attack and the wounding of the military leader.

and murders, sometimes seriously threatening our military rear, and actively cooperated with the occupiers in the front<...>strip.<...>A large gang roaming freely in the front line is a serious omission in the work.<...>strip "(Vasilevsky A.M.<...>the day has been appointed when he will be able to officially take up his previous duties and return to the front line

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No. 9 [Aviation collection, 2016]

Supplement to the magazine "Modelist-Constructor", published since July 2003. Specialized magazine for fans of aviation history and model aircraft. Each issue is a mini-monograph about domestic or foreign aircraft design. Each issue contains information about the history of the aircraft or helicopter, its serial production, modifications, operation, combat use and painting. A brief technical description and drawings of the machine are provided. And also a large number of photographs, including photographs of components and assemblies. TRANSFER OF SUBSCRIPTION NUMBERS IS PERFORMED WITH A DELAY OF 12 MONTHS !!!

km at altitudes of 100, 5000 and 10,000 m, respectively), and the LFSV-45 headlight allowed landing on the runway<...>The aircraft had a flight range sufficient for a front-line fighter jet.<...>The tests revealed the longitudinal rocking of the machine when driving along the lane.<...>Under it was a support that protected the lower part of the fuselage in case it touched the strip during takeoff.<...>Yak-23UTI / II was distinguished by a black antiglare stripe in front of the cockpit visor and a colored "cap" on the vertical

Preview: Aviakollektsiya №9 2016.pdf (0.6 Mb)

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On the basis of American and Japanese archival documents, the article reveals the activities of the decryption agencies of Germany, Finland and Japan against the USSR in 1921-1945.

information on the redeployment of small units, aircraft accidents, the condition of the runways<...>Therefore, the cryptographers of the front parts of the radio intelligence were engaged in decryption of this system.<...>considered the main achievements of the Wehrmacht in this area to regularly track the dislocation in the front line<...>results, since Japan did not have a continental network of radio interception stations in the band bordering the USSR<...>Secondly, more stable five-digit codes of a one-time scale of front-line and army command and control units,

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No.5 (251) [Army collection, 2015]

Monthly illustrated military-technical and practical-methodical journal. Its pages contain objective information about the development of the Russian Armed Forces, combat and special training of troops, as well as about their logistical and technical support. The object of journalistic attention is the branches of the Armed Forces and branches of the armed forces, covering the spheres of earth, air, space. The publication was founded by the Russian Ministry of Defense and is its print organ. The journal has been published since July 1994. Its pre-revolutionary predecessor, Voenny Sbornik, was published in Russia since 1858 and closed after the Bolsheviks came to power. These publications have in common thoroughness in the analysis of the state of the Armed Forces of the country, as well as the focus on in-depth and objective research of military topics. The modern "Army Collection" was created on the basis of two central ("Technics and Armament" and "Military Economic Journal") and three specific magazines ("Aviation and Cosmonautics", "Military Bulletin", "Bulletin of Air Defense"). It is aimed at military professionals and those involved in training personnel in military universities, scientific research at research universities and design bureaus, as well as those working in the field of the defense complex. The main issues covered are the analysis of the state policy in the field of military development, the problems of reforming the Armed Forces, improving the command and control system, combat and mobilization training, as well as staffing and training, technical, logistical and other types of support. The priority topics of the journal are those revealing the features of the theory and practice of modern combined arms combat, the organization of combat training of the services of the Armed Forces and combat arms, taking into account the experience of wars and local conflicts... Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the problems of combat training of formations and units of constant readiness, the specifics of peacekeeping activities. The magazine has earned a well-deserved authority from its target audience and successfully implements functions peculiar only to him in the corresponding problem-thematic field. Chief editor - V.M. Prilutsky.

This, by the way, is the fate of the front-line sapper, it is not the easiest one. Coming rifle regiment. <...>This is the fate of the frontline sapper.<...>These are just a few episodes from the frontline biography of scout Pavel Grigorievich Skachko.<...>An essay on the front-line memories of her grandfather and grandmother, written by a 3rd year student of the National<...>Army Group Operations 1944-1945 were carried out in a band of 100-200 km.

Preview: Army collection # 5 (251) 2015.pdf (0.2 Mb)

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Contemplating a war against the USSR as a decisive stage on the way to the creation of a "German territorial-ethnic monolith" from the Atlantic to Siberia, "cleansed" of "subhumans" of Slavic and Turkic-Mongolian origin and as a prerequisite for the conquest of the world, the rulers Hitlerite Germany closely followed what was happening in the USSR, taking into account the factors of its strength and weakness. The military campaign plan ("Barbarossa") viewed the USSR as "an artificial and loose union of a huge number of nations", as a kind of "ethnic conglomerate devoid of internal unity" and therefore incapable of long and stubborn resistance.

Front-line and labor brotherhood / 155 NEVA 10'2015 kazakhstani.<...>Even taking into account the placement in the republic of about 1.5 million residents of the front line and repressed<...>Ust'Kamenogorsk, and two (Dzhambulskaya 105 and Akmolinskaya 106 are Kazakh national) in the front line<...>Front-line and labor brotherhood / 157 NEVA 10'2015 Baktoraz Beysekbaev.<...>Front-line and labor brotherhood / 163 NEVA 10'2015 million corpses.

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No. 10 [Military History Journal, 2013]

Monthly popular science publication of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. It illuminates actual problems domestic and foreign military history, military policy Of the Russian state at all stages of its formation and development, the historical experience of ensuring national security, the history of the development of military science and technology, the activities of outstanding Russian and Soviet commanders and naval commanders, as well as many other aspects of military history and science. The readers of the magazine are professional historians, specialists from research institutions, faculty, officers and cadets military schools, veterans of the Great Patriotic War and the Armed Forces, as well as all those who are interested in military history. The publication will also be of interest to the younger generation, as it contains the section "Youth Military History Journal". In addition to articles, it publishes cryptograms, teawords and military-historical crosswords. The authors of the publication are three candidates of sciences, one honored cultural worker of Russia, as well as military specialists and historians. This guarantees a high professional level of the content of the magazine, which consists of such headings as "Military Symbolism", "Military Heraldic Work", "Family Archive", "Symbols of the Russian Empire", "By Pages rare editions"," Bookshelf of a military historian "," Criticism and bibliography "," Memorable dates"And others. In addition, the magazine publishes information on the results of historical research, as well as reports on thematic exhibitions and expositions held by archives and museums. Voenno-Istoricheskiy Zhurnal has been published since August 1939 to the present with some interruption: its publication was temporarily stopped with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War and resumed already in 1959. Four years ago, a special supplement of the magazine appeared on the Internet - magazine. Internet Application ". Its main task is to publish articles, documents and scientific research, which cannot be placed in the printed edition due to the limited volume of the magazine - 80 pages and 8 color strips. Currently, the publication actively cooperates with educational institutions, and also organizes field and correspondence reading conferences, seminars and round tables.

The functions of the OPV were to organize reception centers in the front-line zone, to maintain communication with the headquarters<...>camps located at a distance of 100–120 km from the front line.<...>network - the front department of the UPVI NKVD of the USSR.<...>The former German prisoner of war camps were adapted for them in the front line.<...>-228. 15 Order of the NKVD of the USSR No. 00398 on the export of prisoners of war from camps and reception centers on the front line

Preview: Military History Journal No. 10 2013.pdf (1.0 Mb)

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The article analyzes the preparation of the Second (2nd) Air Army of the Voronezh Front for Battle of Kursk, the main directions of this training are highlighted and considered. Based on archival documents and memoirs, the results of the preparation and combat operations of the aviation of the Voronezh Front in the preparatory period are shown, conclusions are drawn about its role in the victory at Kursk Bulge

An important contribution to its achievement was made by front-line aviation, including the Second Air Army (hereinafter - 2-<...>The preparation of front-line aviation for the upcoming battles was complex.<...>only by the period of April-May, while during June forecasting the intentions of the German command in the strip<...>Stalin on May 16 noted that he had identified a number of shortcomings in the planning of front-line aviation, over

In March 1943, 2335 German aircraft overflights were recorded in the Voronezh Front.<...>-I nbad, 294th and 302nd IAD on fighter planes Yak-7b and La-5, 1st Gbad and 293rd Bad, armed with front-line<...>At the same time, front-line aviation, 2nd Air Army, replenished with aircraft and received 3<...>Seversky Donets (near Belgorod) front-line aviation prevented the transfer of reinforcements for the German<...>This allowed the front-line command to correctly assess the intentions of the enemy and to take

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Stanislav Rudolfovich Saprykin was born in 1969 in Simferopol. By profession a historian (in 1997 he graduated from Simferopol State University), reserve fighter pilot. In the late 80s - early 90s he was published in the newspaper "Krymskaya Pravda". Several poems were published in the literary anthology "Pegasus". Currently he is an entrepreneur. Lives in Crimea, Simferopol and Alushta.

We started with a run-up along the runway and a jump, when the plane, having barely taken off, returns to the ground at will<...>The front-line units do not have enough pilots who have mastered the Yaks, the help of those who flew is needed.<...>I give full throttle and, keeping the “seagull” from turning, I start moving along the lane.<...>I steer off the runway with a snake and see that two planes appear over the airfield, are they really the Finns or the Germans<...>I go into the runway, at a height of two hundred meters I release the landing light. Heck!

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I am writing solely from memory ... Commanders of the Red Army about the catastrophe of the first days of the Great Patriotic War: In 2 volumes. Volume 2.

Moscow: Russian Foundation for the Promotion of Education and Science

Attempts to understand the reasons for the catastrophic defeat of the Red Army in the summer of 1941 were repeatedly undertaken by Soviet and Russian historiographers. However, the research was complicated by the fact that most of the documents of border divisions, armies and military districts were lost in the course of hostilities. In 1949-1957. Military Scientific Directorate of the General Staff Soviet army addressed questions about the beginning of the war to the commanders who took the first battle on the border. The participants in the events answered the questions posed solely on the basis of memory, without using documentary sources. These materials, published in this edition, remained in secret storage for a long time. Today, these documents can be considered one of the most important sources for initial period Great Patriotic War.

Later, the mobilization of the signal troops of the front and army subordination.<...>The terrain in the strip 164 SD along the river.<...>Kiev, and receiving communications from the front-line warehouse.<...>The front commander was ordered to withdraw 8 MK to the front reserve in g.<...>Free and sent 98 divisions into the zone, although there was no general improvement in the situation in the army zone.

Preview: I am writing solely from memory ... Commanders of the Red Army about the catastrophe of the first days of the Great Patriotic War In 2 volumes. Volume 2..pdf (0.2 Mb)

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The past 2014 became a victorious year for the ZooM photography school of the Central Children's Theater of the Soviet District of Novosibirsk: her pupil Anita Smirnova (age group from 15 to 17 years old) won first place in the competition of the All-Russian Photo Festival "Youth of Russia - 2014". The work of another pupil of the photography school - Olesya Sokolova - was presented at a photo exhibition, where the best 150 were selected from more than 5,000 works sent to the competition from 637 authors. This authoritative competition was organized by the Union of Photo Artists of Russia and the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation.

Education and additional education v Novosibirsk region No. 2 April-June 2015 58 Life is like a series of stripes<...>Her photograph "Life is like a series of stripes", taken during a specially organized summer trip to<...>One carriage - by unique information sources from the funds of the Novosibirsk Museum of Local Lore:<...>Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region, it was crowded, fun, a brass band played, songs of frontline

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A retrospective analysis of the evolutionary process organizational structures troops responsible for armed struggle in the air (aerospace) space. The reasons that have had a significant impact on the development of the forms of organization of formations of the Air Defense Forces, Air Force, Aerospace Defense Forces, Aerospace Forces have been established.

To solve air defense problems from the air brigades of the front-line aviation of the military districts, units were allocated<...>Front-line aviation was distributed among the combined arms armies, and its actions were inconsistent.<...>In the border zone, the areas were subordinate to the commander of the VO troops, in the internal regions of the USSR - to the commander<...>Separate air defense armies and front-line air armies were merged into one.<...>Front-line (bomber and assault) is subordinate to the commander of the military.

48

The article examines the materials of the Russian and foreign press during the First World War, dedicated to the Brusilov breakthrough; the role of military propaganda and print media in mobilizing public opinion, strengthening military discipline and raising military-patriotic sentiments in the countries of the anti-German coalition is assessed.

In the future, every day on the front pages of central Russian and foreign, front-line and army publications<...>Domestic publications, on the basis of front-line reports, brought other information to their readers, however,<...>Frontline events changed the layout of many publications.<...>front ”, etc. 31 To popularize the successes of the Russian army, incl. among the illiterate lower ranks, part of the bands

49

The authors analyze the features of the organization of command and control and communications in the 14th Army of the Northern (since August 23, 1941 - Karelian) Front during the defensive battles in the Murmansk and Kandalaksha directions in 1941-1942.

Murmansk and Kandalaksha directions, numbering 51 828 people were supposed to defend a significant strip<...>Active hostilities in the 14 A band began on June 29, 1941.<...>Since the situation in the 14 A strip has stabilized since the fall of 1941, the communications chief decided to bring the lines<...>radio fear, and the command post control ensured stable radio communication in the radio direction with the General Staff and work in the front<...>armament of the army communications regiment were radio stations of the PAT for communication with the General Staff, the RAF for work in the front

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Artistic image and reality: "trench life" on the Western Front (1914-1918) in the memoirs of soldiers and novels of writers of the military generation [Electronic resource] / Smirnova // Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 8. History. .- 2011 .- №4 .- pp. 102-118 .- Access mode: https: // site / efd / 378372

The article examines the features of an autobiographical work of fiction, as a historical source, using the example of the novels of two writers of the military generation (R. Aldington and E. M. Remarque).

Front-line generation literature as a historical source // National history. 2002. № 1. <...>Literature of the front-line generation ... p. 103. 22 Ibid. P. 102.<...>From the observation post, the "no-man's streak" looks like a boiling cauldron of terrible witches!<...>Aldington writes of fat, insolent animals: "No man's line is for them a luxurious dining table."<...>Literature of the front-line generation as a historical source // Otechestvennaya istoriya. 2002. No. 1. 12.

1. Na-pi-shi-te co-chi-not-ness-judgment-de-nie, revealing the meaning of you-say-zy-va-niya from the West-no-go ling-vi -sta Ru-be-na Alek-san-dro-vi-cha Boo-da-go-va: “Sin-so-sis is always on-going on a service-ba-da-go-va -lo-ve-ka, his thoughts and feelings. " Ar-gu-men-ti-rui your answer, pri-ve-di-te 2 (two) examples from the pro-chi-tan-no-go text-hundred. When-in-dya examples, indicate-zy-wai-te numbers of the necessary pre-lodges or use-me-nyay-te tsi-ti-ro-va-ni ... You can write a work-bo-tu in a scientific or pub-li-qi-sti-che-style, revealing a topic on a ling-v-st-che-che ma-te-ri-a-le. You can start with the words of R. A. Boo-da-go-va. The volume of co-ci-ning should be at least 70 words. Ra-bo-ta, na-pi-san-naya without relying on the pro-chi-tan text (not according to the given text), not appraising. If the co-no-no-ness is a re-re-spoken or completely re-pe-p-s-n-n-t-n-t-s-n-t-s-t there was no com-men-ta-ri-ev, then such a work-bo-that appraisal-ni-wa-em-Xia zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

2. Na-pi-shi-te co-chi-not-nye-judgment-de-nie. Explain-no-those, how do you-no-ma-e-te the meaning of the pre-text: “I saw our children in the deep rear, in the alarming at the front-to-howl in-lo-se and even on the line of the very front. And everywhere I saw in them a great thirst for work, work, and even for movement. " Pri-ve-di-those in co-chi-ne-nii 2 (two) ar-gu-men-ta from the pro-chi-tan-no-go text-hundred, confirming your judgment. When-in-dya examples, indicate-zy-wai-te numbers of the necessary pre-lo-zh-niy or pri-me-nyay-te tsi-ti-ro-va-nie ... The volume of co-ci-ning should be at least 70 words. If the co-no-no-ness is a re-re-spoken or completely re-pe-p-s-n-n-t-n-t-s-n-t-s-t there was no com-men-ta-ri-ev, then such a work-bo-that appraisal-ni-wa-em-Xia zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

3. How do you understand the word-in-co-che-ta-tion of the POWER OF THE SPIRIT? Sfor-mu-li-rui-te and pro-com-men-ti-rui-te is the definition given by you. Na-pi-shi-te so-chi-not-nye-judgment on the topic "What is the strength of the spirit" -lee. Ar-gu-men-ti-tying your thesis, when-ve-di-those 2 (two) examples-ra-ar-gu-men-ta, confirming your decisions -deniya: one example-ar-gu-ment pri-ve-di-those from the pro-chi-tan-no-go text-hundred, and the second - from your life -th experience. The volume of co-ci-ning should be at least 70 words. If the co-no-no-ness is a re-re-spoken or completely re-pe-p-s-n-n-t-n-t-s-n-t-s-t there was no com-men-ta-ri-ev, then such a work-bo-that appraisal-ni-wa-em-Xia zero points. Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

Active army, "Komsomolskaya Pravda",

(1) Children! (2) The war fell on tens of thousands of them in the same way as on adults, if only because the fascist bombs dropped over peaceful cities have the same force for everyone. (3) Acutely, often more acutely than adults, adolescents, boys, girls experience the events of the Great Patriotic War. (4) They greedily, to the last point, listen to the information of the Information Bureau, memorize all the details of heroic deeds, write down the names of the heroes, their titles, their surnames. (5) They with boundless respect accompany the echelons leaving for the front, with boundless love they greet the wounded arriving from the front.

(6) I saw our children in the deep rear, in the alarming front line and even on the front line itself. (7) And everywhere I saw in them a great thirst for work, work, and even achievement.

(8) Frontal strip. (9) Passing herds of collective farm cattle, which go to calm pastures to the east, to the crossroads of the village, the car stops. (10) A lad of about fifteen jumps up the step. (11) He asks for something. (12) What does the boy want? (13) We do not understand. (14) Bread? (15) Then suddenly it turns out:

- (16) Uncle, give me two cartridges.

- (17) What do you need cartridges for?

- (18) And so ... as a keepsake.

- (19) No cartridges are given for memory.

(20) I shove him a lattice shell from a hand grenade and a spent shiny cartridge case. (21) The boy's lips curl contemptuously.

- (22) Well there! (23) What's the use of them?

- (24) Ah, dear! (25) So you need a memory that can be confusing? (26) Maybe I should give you this black, egg, grenade? (27) Maybe you should unhook that small anti-tank gun from the tractor? (28) Get into the car, don't lie and say everything straight. (29) And now a story begins, full of secret omissions, evasions, although in general everything has been clear to us for a long time.

(30) Severely closed around a dense forest, deep ravines lay across the road, swampy reed swamps spread along the banks of the river. (31) Fathers, uncles and older brothers leave for partisans. (32) And he is still young, but clever, brave. (33) He knows all the dells, the last forty kilometers in the neighborhood. (34) Fearing that they would not believe him, he pulls out from his bosom a Komsomol ticket wrapped in oilcloth. (35) And not having the right to say anything more, licking his chapped, dusty lips, he waits eagerly and impatiently.

(36) I look into his eyes. (37) I put a clip in his hot hand. (38) This is a clip from my rifle. (39) It is written on me. (40) I take responsibility for ensuring that each bullet fired from these five rounds will fly exactly in the right direction.

- (41) What is your name?

- (43) Listen, Yakov, why do you need cartridges if you don't have a rifle? (44) What are you going to shoot from an empty clay jar *?

(45) The truck starts to move. (46) Yakov jumps off the step, he jumps up and cheerfully shouts something awkward, stupid. (47) He laughs, mysteriously threatens me with his finger and disappears into clouds of dust.

(48) Oh no! (49) This guy will not put the clip in an empty jar.

(50) Another case. (51) Before the battle on the bank of one river I met a boy. (52) Searching for the missing cow in order to shorten the path, he swam across the river and suddenly found himself in the disposition of the Germans. (53) Hiding in the bushes, he sat in three steps from the fascist commanders who talked for a long time about something, holding a map in front of them. (54) He returned to us and told us what he had seen. (55) I asked him:

Wait a minute! (56) But you heard what their bosses said, and understood that it was very important for us.

(57) The boy was surprised:

So they, Comrade Commander, spoke German!

- (58) I know that it is not Turkish. (59) How many grades have you finished? (60) Nine? (61) So you should have understood at least something from their conversation?

(62) He threw up his hands sadly and sadly:

- (63) Eh, comrade commander! (64) If I knew about this meeting earlier ...

* Krynka - a jug, a pot for milk.

(According to A.P. Gaidar *)

* Gaidar Arkady Petrovich (real name - Golikov, 1904-1941) - children's writer, screenwriter, participant in the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars.

In which va-ri-an-those from-ve-that contains in-form-ma-tion, not-about-ho-di-may for justification of that on the question: “Why, steam-nish-ka, under-hearing the thief-thief of non-metz-ko-man-di-dov, could not transfer it from -keeping the so-vet-skim salt-yes-there? "

1) Non-mets-ky ko-man-di-ry go-vo-ri-li is very quiet.

2) Par-nish-ka did not understand the content of this time, because he did not study the German language well at school.

3) Par-nish-ka was not-ma-te-len, that-ro-drank-Xia, he was looking for his ko-ro-wu.

4) Steam-nish-ka did not hear a lot, because he ri-co-shaft a card of military actions.

Revelation.

G-rest-ny sigh of the boy "If only I knew about this meeting earlier ..." but, what about this hour very much.

Answer: 2

Answer: 2

A source: Open bank FIPI, block 634F69, option RESHU No. 108

Relevance: Used in the OGE 2016-2017

Revelation.

1. 1. With-we-dem an example of co-chi-not-judgment-judgment in a scientific style.

Sin-tak-sis - section-del ling-vi-sti-ki, study-cha-yu-si-ling-ness and word-in-so-che-ta-t. Pre-lo-ze-nie - uni-ni-tsa sin-tak-si-sa, in a hundred-ve to-that-swarm separate words and pre-di-ka-tive parts with -re-re-ta-are the ability to vza-and-mo-act-vat and ob-ra-zo-vy-vat re-che-com-na-n-you. Therefore, it is impossible not to agree with you-say-zy-va-no-it-from-west-no-ling-v-st Ru-be-na Alec-san-dro -wi-cha Boo-da-go-va: "Sin-so-sis is always on-going in the service of the very man, his thoughts and feelings ".

To confirm the truth of the words of R.A. Boo-da-go-va ob-ra-tim-sya to the break-out from the text-hundred Ar-ka-diya Gai-da-ra. Review the preposition 63-64. According to the content, these two propositions should be combined into one complexly subordinate. Why does the author divide them into two? What is the next goal? Surely, this is not a coincidence. Such an or-ga-ni-za-tion pre-lo-g-ny-can-ha-e-e-under-under-underline from-cha-i-nie boy-chi-ka, not su-mev-she-go to understand what they are about.

In se-re-di-not pre-lo-zenie 18 (And so ... in memory.) There is a lot of something: something steam-nish-ka not-to-go -wa-ri-va-et - this is immediately clear.

Thus, pro-ana-li-zi-ro-vav the text, we can confidently assert that sin-tak-sis play-ra-et is not-a-lo -important role in expressing our thoughts and re-living.

2. The war is not shcha-di-la no-one: mil-li-about-us perished, hundreds of thousands of children of the wartime were left without ro-di-te-lei. These grown-up, lefty children beyond their years tried to be worthy of their fathers and older brothers. The final lines of the text of Gai-dar are about this: “I saw our children in the deep rear, in the alarming front-to-howl in-lo-se and even on the line of the very front. And everywhere I saw in them a great thirst for work, work, and even for movement. "

I am ready to fight the enemy with the lump-ma-lick Yakov, he is young, resolute and brave. That’s why the fighter believes him and gives both pa-tro-new. In the pre-lo-ze number 49 (This pa-re-nek-lo-zh-lo-zh-mu not into an empty kryn-ku) we go to confirm this.

In the pre-lo-same-ni-yakh 63-64 ("Eh, then-varish ko-man-dir! If I knew about this meeting earlier ...") -th-my-do-sa-doy par-nish-ka go-rit about the fact that he did not learn the non-Metz-to-go language and did not understand what-in-ri-whether fa-shist -skie ko-man-di-ry, but he could have brought in valuable information.

War is experience, war is destruction, war is separation. But she won't be able to do anything, because she is pro-tee-in-a-le-na ve-li-ka strength of mind of ours. -Yes, where even a child is ready to compare his life to the life of his father-hero.

3. Strength of the spirit is one of the main qualities that makes a person strong. This is not-for-me-no-quality, that you-can-live in difficult life-si-tu-a-chi-yakh. Man-age, strong in spirit, is able to pre-prevail, ka-za-el, it would not be pre-graded. Ve-li-tea-neck to-spice-up the soul and physical forces in-demanded from our nation, so that you stand in the Great Patriotic War. The children who became adults so early were also strong in spirit.

Ar-ka-diy Gai-dar de-lit-Xia with chi-ta-te-la-mi not-you-do-man-us is-to-ri-i-mi about how with everything boy-chish-ki, not being afraid of anything, can grown-ups beat the enemy. One of them is asking for one thing, and not for memory, but for an extremely important, secret business. Another lady, that I could not understand from under-hearing the Fritz nothing, I could not help my own ... The desire of children to be on par with adults, to contribute to the be-do not-appraisal. And this can only be done by children, whose spirit is strong and crunchy. Like the fathers who went to the front.

About the fate of the young woman, left alone with the head-lo-house, rup-ho, fear and death, I learned from the film ma "Ma-ter che-lo-ve-che-sky". How can you live in such conditions? But Maria could. And not only she herself remained alive: she saved the lives of the children, in-and-out ro-di-te-lei. Together, they sowed bread, ear-live-whether for the live-in, and lived on-guard for the advancement of Russian soldiers, for help. And they waited! But the film would not have had an op-ti-stich-but-th end, if it were not for the strength of the spirit of Mary. This film is a hymn to a strong Russian woman.

Happiness is to meet people on your way, stubborn, in-left, staunch. But strive to shape the strength of the spirit, every person must, because you hold life tests only such people can do it.

The 20th century children's writer A.P. Gaidar raises the problem of children's attitude to events in the country.

Having told about a meeting with a fifteen-year-old teenager Yakov, who asked the author for patrons, A. Gaidar comes to the conclusion that "the war hit the children in the same way as the adults."

The writer believes that children perceived the events of the war "more often than adults." Everything that happened at the front and in the rear: messages from the Information Bureau of the USSR, heroic deeds people, seeing the trains to the front, the arrival of the wounded - the teenagers felt with all their hearts. Wherever A. Gaidar met them, everywhere he noticed in them a tremendous desire to bring victory closer, a desire to commit a heroic deed.

There are many pages in the history of our country that reflect adolescents' indifference to the fate of their relatives.

A film is made about how four teenagers fought with bandits during the civil war. It is called "The Elusive Avengers". Subsequently, they become Red Army soldiers.

V. Kataev's book "The Son of the Regiment" tells about Vanya Solntsev, who became an orphan during the war. They tried to send him to the rear, but he escaped several times. The boy certainly wanted to be a participant in military events. Then he became the son of the regiment, took part in combat missions. Then he was assigned to the Suvorov school.

For sixteen-year-old Petya Rostov, one of the young heroes of Leo Tolstoy's novel War and Peace, the main thing in life is a strong and constant desire to be, like an adult, in the most important place. Therefore, during the partisan war with the French, Petya decided to stay in Denisov's detachment. He tried "not to miss any case of real heroism ..." Leo Tolstoy showed a teenager who could not be aloof from the military events and died in battle.

So, generations of children at all times wanted to take an active part in the fate of the country, did not spare their lives in difficult times for the Motherland, overcame severe trials along with adults. The events that took place in the country were a serious school of life for teenagers.

Updated: 2018-01-12

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Useful material on the topic

• The problem of the attitude of children to military events, their participation in the war according to A.P. Gaidar Tsybulko 2019 Option 11 “Front line. Skipping herds of collective farm cattle, which go to calm pastures ... "

You will need

• Text by A.P. Gaidar “Front line. Skipping herds of collective farm cattle, which go to calm pastures ... "

Instructions

First, the student reads the text and follows the events, while thinking about the actions of people and their characteristics. It is clear from the events of this text: children are actively trying to participate in the events that take place in their homeland.
The problem can be formulated as follows:
“Russian writer of the first half of the twentieth century A.P. Gaidar examines the problem of adolescents' attitude to events taking place in their homeland. "

In the commentary to the problem, it is necessary to briefly reflect specific events, reflecting main idea author - how children act.
The comment might look like this:
“The author tells about a meeting with a teenager Yakov, who needed patrons. The little guy, without giving any obvious reasons, really wanted to be believed, and took out a Komsomol ticket. He tried to convince the traveler that he needed a weapon. Yakov is glad that they believed him and did not refuse. "

The following can be written about the author's position:
“Speaking about the behavior of children during the war, the writer believes that they did not stay away from the misfortune that overtook the country. The teenagers showed special care for the wounded, respected the military and were proud of their deeds. They themselves wanted to participate in the fight against fascism. A.P. Gaidar is confident that the children’s memories of helping adults will delight them. ”

The essay writer can express his position in this way:
“I, just like a writer, respect the children of the wartime. To have the same responsibility as adults, to be distinguished by heroic deeds, to worry about what is happening in the homeland - such behavior should be an invaluable moral heritage for future generations. "

The reader's argument could be like this:
“As a reader's argument, one can cite the events about which Lev Kassil tells. The work is called The Story of the Absent. This book is about how a military unit was surrounded during the Great Patriotic War and how the boy helped her. The man who received the award told about this boy. He believed that this unknown boy deserved the order to a greater extent, because he showed him the way through the ravine, and then distracted the attention of the Germans - he ran in the other direction, and the Germans shot him. And the scout did not even have time to ask his name. When he told this story, all the soldiers in the hall stood up to honor the memory of the hero, whose name no one knew. "

If the second argument is also reader's, instead of an argument based on life experience, the essay can be considered of better quality.
Here is an example of the reader's argument 2: “The story of Lev Kassil“ Aleksey Andreevich ”is said about how children independently served during the war. The commander was a fourteen-year-old boy, Aleksey Andreevich, as his subordinates called him. He was in charge of the raft, which they called "The Coffin to the Fascists." The group of guys acted like a real group of scouts. They brought information about the Germans, showed the military unit the crossing of the river in the place where the river made a bend. The guys rescued the wounded soldiers and sent them to the unit. Then they passed to military unit 80 German rifles. When the unit commander was compiling a list of fighters for the award, he was the first to put the name and patronymic of this boy. "