Middle Rank

empirical U Manna-Whitney

level of confidence

G1.

Г2.

22,53

19,55

179,500

p.≤0,01

Career growth

22,76

1 3 ,15

173,000

p.≤0,01

Social status

2 0,63

11,83

17,500

p.≤0,05

Material wealth

24,95

16,85

127,000

p.≤0,5

Dear or fashionable things

26,24

15,50

100,000

p.≤0,01

Intellect, ability

16,26

2 3 ,98

110,500

p.≤0,01

Personal qualities

15,40

26,88

92,500

p.≤0,01

Success at the opposite sex

2 0 ,08

14,26

68,500

p.≤0,05

The results of the correlation analysis

To identify relationships in group 1 between the characteristics studied in the study, correlation analysis was applied (see Fig. 11).

Figure 11. - Corrective relationships of envy

Note: The direct line indicates positive correlations, dotted - negative. (* Correlations are meaningful at Yover 0.05 ** correlations are significant at level 0.01).

Thus, it can be summarized that envy has a negative correlation with meaningfulness of life, especially highlighting the disbelief of the person himself in the ability to control his life, as well as with self-approval and self-esteem, that is, factors reflecting self-relation.

CONCLUSIONS

1. On the basis of the study, we can speak both invariant and variable environments, deterministic gender. The first includes material wealth, career growth and leisure; And to the second for men - social status and professional (training) successes, and for women - external attractiveness and intellect, i.e. You can talk about the various structure of the envy of the envy in men and in women. Thus, the study showed that both for men, and for women the most welcome environments are those areas in which men and women, according to social expectations, should take place. These expectations, in turn, determinized by gender roles.

2. Respondents with a high level of envy differ with greater aggressiveness (P≤0.01), rigidity (p≤0.01), sensitivity (p≤0.01), anxiety (p≤0.01), lability (p≤0 , 01), conflict (p≤0.01), conformity (p≤0.01), dependence (p≤0.01), as well as a smaller introvertness (p≤0.01). The characterological typology of respondents for whom envy is presented by the hypostenial type of response, combining sensitive and alarming features. The established social and psychological characteristics determine such qualities as a tendency to care to the world of illusions, the desire to limit the circle of direct contacts and the avoidance of confrontation with the environment, selectivity in communication with the desire to maintain few contacts. Impressiveness, pessimistic in assessing the prospects, with failures easily there is a sense of guilt, the need for warm relationships and understanding, caution in decision-making, increased concern about problems and own failures - this is what characterizes the person prone to envy.

3. The respondents of Group 1 are statistically significantly distinguished by greater closeness (p≤0.05), self-satisfaction (P≤0.05), internal conflict (P≤0.01), a tendency to self-evaluation (P≤0.01), smaller self-leveling (P≤0.05), less sensitivity of self (p≤0.05). The lower indicators on the Self-acceptance scales and the "Reflective Relationship" from the respondents of this group should also be noted. That is, faces with a high level of enviousness are experiencing more negative feelings in relation to themselves, differ in internal conflict and regard the attitude of others to themselves as negative.

4. Respondents with a high level of envy assesses their lives as less meaningful. The lower "process of life" indicates dissatisfaction with his life in the present, the absence of the feeling that life is interesting, the process is emotionally saturated and the process, as well as the lack of satisfaction from activities (not necessarily professional), from the process of applying and improving its skill.

5. Envious individuals are more inclined to attribute the causes of external factors (other people, the environment, fate, the case, luck), rather than their efforts, their own positive and negative qualities, the presence or absence of the necessary knowledge, skills and skills. However, this pattern is not manifested in all areas, but in the field of failures, production and family relations.

6. Respondents with a low level of envy to a greater extent seek to realize themselves in all spheres of life (p≤0.01). Thus, a comparative analysis revealed depletion of the value sphere in men from the experimental group. The structure of the values \u200b\u200bof respondents with a high level of enviousness, the system of their relationship and relations in the social environment has a certain specificity, which manifests itself in a focus on achieving not so much socially meaningful as low-speed purposes and values, which makes it possible to conclude the larger utilitarian orientation of this group, as well as About her some social immaturity. When comparing the results of this technique with the results obtained by the methodology of self-assessment envy, it can be found that envy arises when the values \u200b\u200bare mismatched, when you frustrations in certain areas (I want, but I do not have ").

7. Group respondents with a higher level of envy differ in greater severity of psychosomatic disorders, tension (P\u003e 0.05), more lowly evaluate the state of their health (P\u003e 0.01) and in much lower than estimate their well-being (P\u003e 0.01 ).

8. In respondents who are inclined to envy when informing the success of another person, the level of such emotions as grief (p≤0.01), anger (p≤0.05), fear (p≤0.05), shame (p≤ 0.05) statistically reliably above, and the emotions "joy" (p≤0.05) - below. This indicates that the success of others for respondents from Group 1 is the cause of a sense of own inferiority.

9. A comparative analysis of the respondents of groups allocated by the age principle did not give statistically significant results, although certain overwhelming intervals observe some fluctuations in envy.

Respondents with lower professional status and income levels have been marked higher indicators for the following parameters: Envy index (P≤0.01), career growth (P≤0.01), social status (P≤0.05), material wealth (P≤0.05), expensive or fashionable things (p≤0.01), success in the opposite floor (P≤0.05). These results may indicate frustration in relevant subject spheres. Respondents with a higher professional status and income level are higher than the following parameters: intelligence, ability (p≤0.01), personal qualities (p≤0.01). It can be assumed that in this group of respondents, these are precisely these areas are significant to achieve professional success.

10. Thus, it is possible to summarize that envy has a negative correlation with meaningfulness of life, especially highlighting the disbelief of the person himself in ability to control his life, as well as with self-approval and self-esteem, that is, factors reflecting self-relation.

Enlightenness highly negatively correlates with the interaltory, which also characterizes the passivity of the personality.

Positive correlated with envy internal conflict, rigidity, internal conflict, aggressiveness, anxiety, conformity.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Aladin A.A., Parchmentshchik L.A., Furmanov I.A. Methods of Research Research (MIS) Psychodiagnostics and Psychocorrection in the Educational Process. MN, 1992. - 422 p.

Alekseeva O. N. Social Psychology. - M.: Academy, 2013. - 418 p.

Aleshina Yu.E., Gozman L.Ya.,. Dubovskaya E.M. Socially - psychological methods Studies of interpersonal relationships. - M.: Publishing House Mosk. Univ-TA, 2012. - P. 78 - 90.

Antsuzov A.Ya., Shipilov A.I. Conflictology [Text] / A.Ya. Antsupov, A.I. Shipilov - M.: Uniti, 2011. - 552 p.

Argail M. Psychology of Happiness / M. Argail. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2008. - 270 s.

Arkhangelsk L.S. Psychology of relationships. - M.: Academy, 2012. - 396 p.

Beskov T.V. Methods of study of the enviousness of the personality - issues of psychology [text] / T.V. Beskov - Moscow, 2013. - №2. 127 - 139С.

Beskov T.V. Features of the manifestation of envy in interpersonal interaction of subjects [Text] / T.V. Beskov is the news of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. T. 12. No. 5 (37). 2012. - P. 103-109.

Beskov T.V. Envy as a psychological property of the personality - Publishing House of Samara University, 2013. - 139c.

Beskov T.V. Envy - Publishing House Samara UN-TA, 2012. - 99С.

Bibikhin V.V. Man in the world. - M.: Word, 2012. - 488 p.

Bondarenko O.R. Interpersonal conflict. - SPb.: Speech, 2012. - 372 p.

Bondarenko O.R., Lukan W., Sociology. Psychology. Philosophy. [Text] / O.R. Bondarenko, U. Lukan - Bulletin of the Nizhny Novgorod University. N.I. Lobachevsky, 2012. № 2

Burtova E.V. Conflictology. Tutorial [Text] / E.V. Burtovaya - M.: Uniti, 2003. - 512 p.

Lydaryan I.A. The problem of relationships: theoretical and empirical study / I.A. Jadijan, E.V. Antonova // Personal Consciousness in Crisis Society. - M., 2012. - 388 p.

Dmitrieva N.V. Envy. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 2013. - 212 p.

Dragunova T. V. Social psychology. M.: Enlightenment, 2013. - 394 p.

Ignatova E.N., Rozanova MA Social and socio-psychological aspects of the stress resistance of the person // Theoretical and Applied Questions of Psychology. Vol. 2. Part 2 / Ed. A.A. Krylova. St. Petersburg., 2010. - 328 p.

Ilyin E.P. Emotions and feelings. / E.P. Ilyin. - SPb.: Peter, 2009. - 624 p.

Izard K.E. Man's emotions. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2011. - 422 p.

Kotova I.B. Psychology of relationships. - M.: Academy, 2013. - 196 p.

Kotorva I.B. Interpersonal relationships. - M.: Publishing House of Moscow State University, 2013. - 312 p.

Kulikov L.V. Satisfaction with life. - SPb.: Speech, 2013. - 322 p.

Kulikov L.V. PSYCHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE Mood // Psychology: Results and prospects: Tez. Scientific practice. conf. October 28-31, 2013. - St. Petersburg: Publishing House of St. Petersburg State University, 2006. - P. 78-84.

Kulikov L.V. Psychology of the mood. - SPb.: Publishing House of St. Petersburg State University, 2012. - 298 p.

Labunskaya V.A. - Interpersonal relationships. - SPb.: Peter, 2011. - 389 p.

Leontiev D.A. Test sense orientations (SZGO) 2nd ed / D.A. Leontiev //m.Cleel -2006.- p.18

Leontyev A.N. Activity. Consciousness. Personality / A.N. Leontyev // M., Politicization - 1990. - 412 p.

Lomoms B.F. Interpersonal relationships. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2012. - 366 p.

Martzova N.V. The idea of \u200b\u200bhappiness depending on the type of life satisfaction // Semantic spaces of a modern person. - St. Petersburg., 2005. - P. 109-115.

Martzova N.V. Satisfaction with life as an integrative characteristic of the relationship to it // Psychology of a person: an integrative approach in psychology. - St. Petersburg., 2008. - C. 98-102.

Minigalieva M.R. Personal types and social contacts of people of mature age / M.R. Minigaliyev // M., 2013-№ 2.

Mirimanova, M.S. Conflictology [Text] / M.S. Mirimanova - M.: Academy, 2013.-320c.

MUSDESSBAEV K. Envoy of personality [Text] / K. Murdybayev - Psychological magazine - M.: 2012. T. 23, №6. -C.39-48.

Herraims A. D. Mathematical methods of psychological research. / A. D. HEREEE. - SPb.: Speech, 2009 - 392 p.

Workshop on age psychology: studies. Manual / Ed. L. A. Head, E, F. Fisheries. - SPb.: Speech, 2009. - 694 p.

Sidorenko E.V. Experimental group psychology. /E.V. Sidorenko // SPb.-Publishing House SPbSU- 2012.

Sidorenko E.V. Mathematical processing methods in psychology / E.V. Sidorenko // SPb., Speech -2010 - p.350.

Sizanov A.N. Know yourself: tests, tasks, trainings, advice. - Minsk, 2001.- p. 46-47

Sobchik L.N. Investigation of the individuality of Lucher. Practical guide / L.N. Sobatch // SPb., Speech, 2013. - P.128

Sokolova E.E. Interpersonal conflicts. - SPb.: Peter, 2012. - 396 p.

Fetyskin N.P., Kozlov V.V., Manuilov G.M. Socio-psychological diagnosis of personality development and small groups / N.P. Fetiscorn, V.V. Kozlov, G.M. Manuilles. - M.: Publishing House of Institute of Psychotherapy, 2008. - 564 p.

Frankl V. Man in search of sense / V. Frankl // M., Progress - 1990. - 324 p.

The tasks put forward by modern production in front of engineering personnel are so complicated that their solution requires creative search, research skills. In this regard, the modern specialist should own not only the necessary amount of fundamental and special knowledge, but also by certain skills of creative solutions to practical problems, constantly increase its qualifications, quickly adapt to changing conditions. All these qualities must be formed in the university. They are brought up through the active participation of students in research work.

In modern conditions, the research work of students (NERS) is transformed from the development of the creative abilities of the most successful and gifted students into the system, which makes it possible to improve the quality of training of all specialists with higher education.

The concept of ²-learning work of students² includes the following elements:

- teaching students the basics of research work, the impulse of certain skills;

- Execution of scientific research under the guidance of teachers.

In this regard, the forms and methods of attracting students to scientific creativity can be divided into research work included in the educational process and, therefore, conducted in the school time in accordance with curricula and working programs (special lecture courses on the basics of scientific research, various types training activities with elements of scientific research, educational and research work of students), as well as on research work performed by students in extracurricular time.

Educational and research work of students (UIRS) is carried out in the schedule scheduled training time by each student on a special task under the guidance of the supervisor (teacher of the department). The main task of UIRS is the training of students in the skills of independent scientific work, familiarization with real working conditions in laboratories, in scientific groups. In the process of learning research, future specialists learn to use devices and equipment, independently conduct experiments, process their results, apply their knowledge when solving specific tasks.

For training research work Students are given a workplace in the laboratory, the necessary materials and instruments are issued. The topic and the amount of work are determined individually to the scientific supervisor. The Department, which includes UIRS's curriculum, develops in advance the subjects of research, determines the composition of the relevant leaders, is preparing a methodological documentation, recommendations for the study of special literature.

Scientific officers include teachers who are actively involved in scientific work, researchers, engineers and graduate students.

The final stage of WIERS is to design a report in which the student sets out the results of his scientific work. The report is protected before the Special Commission with an empty of the test.

The promising area is the creation of student research laboratories in higher educational institutions (REDUCED), in which scientific research is underway and at the same time the training work of students are organized.

In some universities, educational and research work is preceded by a special course on the basics of the Organization and methodology of scientific research, on the organization of bibliographic and patent work (in the disciplines of the ² importation in the specialty², the Больновые scientific research ², etc.).

An important form of research work of students performed in the school time is the introduction of elements of scientific research in laboratory work. When performing such works, the student independently compiles the work plan, selects the necessary literature, conducts mathematical processing and analysis of the results, draws up the report.

Many departments of universities are organized by scientific seminars or student scientific and technical conferences (SNTC). Seminars are held regularly during the semester, so that every student can speak on it with a report or a message on the results of the work carried out. SNTC is carried out, as a rule, 1-2 times a year between semesters or at the end of each semester.

For junior courses, the main forms of SNTC within the framework of the educational process are the preparation of abstracts, individual homework with elements of scientific search, participation in subject circles.

The research work of students during production practices is carried out by performing the production of individual tasks on the subject of research work performed by the department, as well as the ² forgive places of production. Tasks are performed on improving technological processes, equipment, scientific organization of labor, the actual material is collected and its primary processing is produced in order to further use under coursewards and thesis design.

The scientific leadership of students during the period of production practice are carried out jointly teachers of the university and specialists of the enterprise. The results of the work are outlined in the report, which students protect before the Commission after the end of production practices.

The research work of students in course and thesis design is related to the development of special sections with elements of scientific research and research carried out in the process of solving the real problems of specific enterprises. Such diploma projects may end with the introduction and in this sense are really real.

Receives the development of comprehensive diploma projects developed by a group of diploman students of various specialties. Each student is entrusted to perform a separate independent section of a comprehensive diploma project. The general management of the development of such a project is carried out by one of the leading departments, for each of the sections, its own leader is appointed from that department that ensures its development.

When defending a comprehensive diploma project, a commission is created with the participation of representatives of the customer and university. It is evaluated by each topic of the graduation project, performed by individual students, and the decision on the project as a whole and the possibility of using it at the customer's enterprise.

Many universities departments together with enterprises make up a list of emissions of production places, of which then form the theme of course and diploma projects. This approach makes it possible to effectively use the scientific and creative potential of students to solve specific objectives of production, increases the responsibility of students for the quality of work.

The scientific work of students performed in extracurricular time is implemented by the participation of students in research on the subject of planned state budget and indispensable NIR departments and scientific institutions of universities, organizations of student bureaus and associations such as a student research laboratory (reduced). The design, technological economic tasks, school work in school, lecturer work on the proliferation of knowledge in the field of science, technology, culture can be performed.

The main form of NIRS, performed in the extracurricular time, is to attract students to implement scientific research conducted by departments and scientific institutions of the university under state budget and indexed topics. Usually, a group involved in solving a certain scientific and technical problem is included, several students are included, as a rule, various courses. This allows for continuity, continuity and clear organization of their work. Students of senior courses are drawn up for the posts of technicians or laboratory technicians with payment and record in the employment record. The work is carried out according to the schedule schedule approved by the supervisor. Guide to the work of students is carried out by teachers, researchers, engineers and graduate students working in the group.

Students who have successfully completed the task in their section are included in the authors of the report as co-valves. According to the results of the work, an application may be submitted for an invention or an article was published.

The collective forms of creative work of students have proven well - student research laboratories (reduced), student design, technological, economic bureaus (SKB), scientific and computing centers, etc.

Distribution is organized in the university on his rights structural unit. The subject of work is formed or on the basis of economic contracts with organizations or in the form of state budgets, the topics of university and intrawood orders.

The staff of the staff decreases mainly students who work under the guidance of the faculty and engineering and technical composition of the university. The chief reduced several engineering and technical workers involved in the composition reduced, carry out the organizational and methodological management of the work of students.

In parallel with the conduct of research and development, students perform in the reduction of organizational and managerial functions, acquiring simultaneously corresponding skills.

The scheme of a comprehensive program of research work of students for the entire period of study is presented in Fig. one.

An important role in the intensification of scientific and technical creativity of students is played by organizational and massive activities: ² outdoent and scientific and technical progress², contests for the best organization of students' scientific work, republican scientific conferences of students, exhibitions of scientific and technical creativity.

The modern level of participation of students in scientific work, the diversity of its forms and methods require an integrated approach to its planning and organization. The NIRS comprehensive program should provide a step-by-step sequence of measures and the forms of scientific work of students in accordance with the logic of the educational process.

Implementation of integrated planning of Nirts in higher educational institutions for each specialty and the creation on this basis the unified comprehensive system of research work students make it possible to fully use the scientific potential of universities in the preparation of modern highly qualified specialists.

Classification of research work

Scientific research is the process of cognition of a new phenomenon and disclosure of patterns of changing the object being studied depending on the influence of various factors for the subsequent practical use of these patterns. Scientific studies are classified on various features: methods for solving the tasks, the scope of research results, types of the object under study and other factors

Research may be theoretical, theoretical and experimental and experimental. The assignment of the study to one of the species depends on the methods and means of scientific research.

Theoretical studies Based on the use of mathematical and logical methods of knowledge of the object. The result of a theoretical study is to establish new dependencies, properties and patterns of occurring phenomena. results theoretical studies Must be confirmed by practice.

Theoretical experimental Studies provide for the last experimental verification of the results of theoretical studies on one-art samples or models.

Experimental studies They are carried out on one-art samples or models in the laboratory conditions under which new properties, dependencies and patterns are established, and also serve to confirm the theoretical assumptions extended.

Scientific research on the use of results is divided into fundamental and applied .

Fundamental places the goal of solving fundamentally new theoretical problems, the opening of new laws, the creation of new theories. On their basis, many applied tasks are solved in relation to the needs of specific industries of science, technology and production.

Application studies are a search and solving the practical tasks of the development of individual industries based on the results of fundamental research.

In the composition of the studied properties of the object of the study are divided into complex and differentiated .

Complex represents the study of the heterogeneous properties of one object, each of which may include the use of various methods and means of research. They are performed at different times and in various places. An example of a comprehensive study can be the assessment of the reliability of a new car. The reliability of the car is an integral property and is determined by its individual properties as reliability, maintainability, retainability and durability of parts.

Differentiated is called such a study in which one of the properties or a group of homogeneous properties is known. In the considered example, each separately the resulting property of the car's reliability is differentiated.

Research is divided into the sign of the place of them, as it predetermines the use of various methods and means of scientific research. In this sense, experimental studies conducted in laboratory or under production conditions are referred to laboratory or production. The object under study may be satura Or represent it model. In each case, the choice of the view of the object under study is subject to justification. In the technique, many studies and tests are conducted on models and samples, as this greatly simplifies the creation of a laboratory base for conducting research (often inventive tests are fundamentally impossible). The most reliable are the results of inventory tests.

In the execution stages of the study are divided into search, research and expressive development. When developing a large scientific and technical problem of the first stage is search researchAs a result of which fundamentals, paths and methods for solving the task are established. Second stage is research developments, The purpose of which is to establish the necessary dependencies, properties and patterns that create prerequisites for further engineering solutions. Third stage - pilot industrial development, the main task of which is to bring the study to practical implementation, i.e. His approbation in production conditions. Based on the results of the experimental inspection, adjustments are made to the technical documentation for the widespread development of development in production.

Each research work can be attributed to a specific direction. Under the scientific direction is a science or complex of sciences, in whose area are research. In this regard, they distinguish technical, biological, physico-technical, historical and other directions with their subsequent details.

Structural units of the scientific direction are: comprehensive problems, problems, topics and scientific issues. A comprehensive problem is a combination of problems united by a single goal. The problem is a combination of complex theoretical and practical tasks requiring permission in society. From a socio-psychological point of view, the problem reflects the contradiction between the public need for knowledge and the well-known paths of its receipt, the contradiction between knowledge and ignorance. The problem occurs when human practice meets difficulties or even encounters "inability" in achieving the goal. The problem can be a global, national, regional, sectoral, intersectoral, which depends on the scale of emerging tasks. So, for example, the problem of nature protection is global, since its decision is aimed at meeting universal needs. In addition to these distinguishes, common and specific problems. General relate to problems general scientific, nationwide, etc. The nationwide problem of our country is the introduction of low-waste and waste-free, energy and materials-saving technological processes and systems of machines.

Specific problems are characteristic of certain industries of industry industries. Thus, in the automotive industry, such problems are fuel economy and the creation of new fuel species.

The topic of scientific research is an integral part of the problem. As a result of research on the topic, there are answers to certain scientific issues covering some of the problem.

Under scientific issues, small scientific tasks are usually understood related to the specific topic of scientific research.

The choice of directions, problems, themes of scientific research and the formulation of scientific issues are a very responsible task. Current areas and comprehensive research problems are formulated in the country's policy documents. The direction of study is often predetermined by the specifics of the scientific institution or the branch of science in which the researcher is working. The specification of the direction of the study is the result of studying the state of the requests of production, social needs and the state of research in one direction or another. In the process of studying the state and the results of already executed research, the ideas of the integrated use of several scientific directions may be formulated for solving production problems. It should be noted that the most favorable conditions for comprehensive research are available in higher education in connection with the presence of scientific schools in various fields of science and technology in universities. The selected direction of research often becomes a strategy of a scientist or a scientific team for a long period.

When choosing a problem and the topics of scientific research at the first stage, on the basis of the analysis of the contradictions of the area under study, the problem itself is formulated and the expected results are determined in general terms. The structure of the problem is then developed: topics, questions, performers are highlighted.

The topics of scientific research should be relevant (important requiring speedy permit), to have a scientific novelty (i.e. contribute to science), be cost-effective for national economy. Therefore, the choice of topics should be based on a special technical and economic calculation. When developing theoretical studies, the requirement of efficiency is sometimes replaced by the requirement of significance determining the prestige of domestic science.

Each scientific team (university, research institute, department, department) on the current tradition has its scientific profile, competence, which contributes to the accumulation of experience, increase the theoretical level of development, their quality and economic efficiency. At the same time, a monopoly in science is also unacceptable, as this excludes ideas competition and can reduce the effectiveness of scientific research. Selecting the topic should be the familiarization with domestic and foreign sources. The problem of selecting the topic is significantly simplified in scientific teamhaving scientific traditions (your profile) and developing a comprehensive problem.

An important characteristic of the topic is the ability to quickly implement the results obtained in production.

To select applied the larger importance is the clear wording of tasks by the customer (the Ministry, association, etc.).

At the same time, it is necessary to keep in mind that in the process of scientific developments, some changes are also possible in the subject of the proposal of the Customer and, depending on the developing production situation.

Economicity is an important criterion for the perspective of the topic, however, in assessing the large-scale, the criterion is not enough and a more general assessment is required, taking into account other indicators. In this case, an expert assessment is often used, which is carried out by highly qualified experts (usually from 7 to 15 people). With their help, depending on the specifics of the theme, its directions or complexity, estimated indicators are established. The topic that received the maximum support of experts is considered the most promising.

Stages of research work

Each scientific research involves the overall sequence of execution of the conditionally independent components, which will continue to be called the stages of scientific research. In the general case, we can assume that scientific research includes the following four main stages.

1. Preparation for the study. First, the purpose of the study is determined, the subject and object of the study is justified, the accumulated knowledge of the subject of the study is being mastered, a patent search is carried out and the need to perform this study is based, a working hypothesis and research tasks are formed, a program and general research methodology is being developed.

2. Experimental study and processing of experienced data. This stage of study involves planning experiments, prepare for the experiments of their conduct, checking and eliminating sharply deviating values, statistical processing of experienced data.

3. Analysis and synthesis of experimental research results. This stage provides for the transition from monitoring the analytical description of the state of the system and disclosure the nature of the impact of individual factors on the process using modeling systems and mathematical analysis methods.

4. Check the results of generalization in practice and assessment of the economic efficiency of the results of the study.

Let us consider in more detail the implementation of scientific research, for which we introduce some explanations and guidelines for individual stages.

At the beginning of any study, it is necessary to determine the goal, choose the subject and justify the object of the study. The purpose of the study means the result cognitive process. For which the study is performed. The purpose of the study should be clearly formulated and allowed a quantitative assessment. The purpose of the research performed in the repair of cars is, for example, an increase in labor productivity, reducing the cost of repairs, increasing the durability of energies, etc. Under the subject of study it is understood as a meaningful part of it, recorded in the name of the topic and related to the knowledge of some parties, properties and links of the objects under study, necessary and sufficient to achieve the goal of the study. As an object of study, a typical representative is chosen, characteristic of the entity of the phenomenon or disclosure of patterns.

Mastering accumulated knowledge and their critical assessment - multidimensional work. First of all, it is necessary to navigate the extent to which the topic developed in the literature of domestic and foreign authors is covered. One of the first reading conditions scientific literature He serves the ability to find it. Working in libraries, usually appeal for certificates and consultations to library workers or are looking for orienting information in library catalogs. The materials grouping distinguish the following main types of catalogs: alphabetic, systematic, subject, etc. The alphabetic catalog contains descriptions of books located in the order of the alphabet of the names of the authors or title books (if the authors are not indicated). The systematic catalog contains a bibliographic description of books by industry in accordance with their content. Huge help in finding the necessary literature provide special reference and bibliographic, abstract and other publications.

Reading scientific literature usually consists of a number of techniques:

general acquaintance with the work as a whole on the table of contents and a quick viewing of the book, articles, manuscripts, etc.;

reading in order of the sequential location of the material and the study of the most important text;

selective reading material;

²Parturial reading ² or simultaneous familiarization with the content of the text in the volume of the full-page or the whole page;

drawing up a plan for reading material, abstract or abstracts, systematization of made statements;

registration of new information on hand-circulation cards;

re-reading materials and comparison with other sources of information;

translation of text from foreign editions with a record in the native language;

thinking of a read material, a critical assessment of it, recording its thoughts about the new information.

The most common form of accumulation of scientific information is recordings of various kinds when reading books, magazines and other sources of written information. The following is the most common entries:

entries in the form of literal excerpts from any text with an indication of the source of information and the author quotes;

records in free presentation with accurate preservation of the content of the source and authorship;

records and drawings on depositated clean sheets and transparent paper drawings, tables, etc.;

drawing up a work plan;

drawing up an abstract on materials of the read book, articles, and the like;

rewinding and underscores of individual words, formulas, phrases on its own copy of the book, sometimes with colored pencils;

recording quotes from several literary sources on a specific topic;

literal records with comments;

records decorated on hand-circuits cards or on cards, in notebooks, notepads, etc. by conventional designations, stenographic signs, etc.;

the presentation of their comments on the material read in the form of aphoristic records.

Records on the reading material of scientific literature can be made in conventional common notebooks, in blanks or sheets of paper of arbitrary sizes, on pigeons, bibliographic cards. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages. Records in notebooks make it difficult for the selection of extracts on one topic or the problem, finding discharge among the series of others. The card system although it requires an increase in paper consumption, facilitates the systematization of extracts in the personal file and the rapid foundation of the desired materials. This system has undeniable advantages compared to the traditional form of recording in common notebooks.

As a result of the study of scientific and technical and patent literature, the physical essence of the development of phenomena and the links of individual elements is revealed. The researcher meets the use of technical measuring instruments, methods for analyzing the processes of the system under study, criteria for optimizing factors affecting the process. The factors are ranked on the basis of a priori information, the need to carry out this study and the possibility of using previously obtained results to solve the objectives of the study being performed are substantiated.

The working hypothesis is formulated based on the study of the accumulated information about the subject of the study. The hypothesis is a scientific proposal on possible mechanisms, reasons and factors that cause the development of studied phenomena that have not yet been proven, but are likely. One of the main requirements for hypothesis is the possibility of its subsequent experimental verification. The working hypothesis is an important element of the study, it synthesizes a priori idea of \u200b\u200bthe subject of research and determines the circle of solved tasks to achieve the goal.

The program and methodology of research justify the choice of research methods and including the method of experimental research. Under the method, it is generally meant the path of the study, the method, the use of which allows you to obtain certain practical results in knowledge. Along with the universal method of dialectical materialism, and specifically - scientific methods, such as mathematical analysis, regression I. correlation analyzes, induction and deduction methods, abstraction method, etc.

The program and methodology of the study include:

drafting a calendar plan for performing work in stages with an integral representation of the content in each stage;

selection of technical means of experimental research for reproduction and generation of development of phenomena or bonds of research objects, registration of their states and measurement of affecting factors;

mathematical modeling of the object of research and experiment planning;

optimization of output indicators of the studied processes;

the choice of methods for statistical processing of experienced data and analyzing the results of the experiment;

the choice of the method of economic analysis of the results of the study.

Consider some of the most general issues of experimental research. Technological studies are characterized by the need to take into account a large number of factors that affect the output indicators in different ways. For example, when studying the effect on the efficiency and quality of repair of car technological factors, as well as when optimizing the implementation conditions, three types of tasks arise:

identifying the materiality of the influence of factors on the indicators of the properties of the repaired part and their ranking according to the degree of influence (the task of evaluating factors on the materiality of their influence);

search for such conditions (modes, etc.), under which either a given level will be provided or higher than those achieved to date (extreme tasks);

setting the type of equation based on disclosure of communication between factors, their interactions and indicator of the properties of the repaired part (interpolation tasks).

Any technological process, as an object of study, when exposed to various factors is considered as a poorly organized system, in which it is difficult to distinguish between individual factors. The main method of studying such systems is statistical, and the method of conducting an experiment is active or passive. Conducting ² balance of experiments involves the use of planning methods, i.e. Active interference in the process and the ability to choose a way to influence the system. The object of the study on which an active experiment is possible is called manageable. If it turns out that it is not possible to choose methods for the state of the system in advance, it is carried out ²pass the experiment. For example, those experiments are the results of observations of cars and their individual assemblies during operation.

Mathematical planning of the experiment, the choice of factors, the levels of their variation and mathematical processing of the results are made using special techniques and has its own specific features when solving specific tasks and is considered in special literature.

After the completion of theoretical and experimental studies, a general analysis of the results obtained is carried out, a comparison of the hypothesis with the results of the experiment is carried out. As a result of the analysis of discrepancies, additional experiments are carried out. Then the scientific and production conclusions are then formulated, a scientific and technical report is drawn up.

The next stage of the development of the topic is the introduction of research results in the production and determination of their actual economic efficiency. The introduction of fundamental and applied scientific research into production is carried out through the developments carried out, as a rule, in the development bureau, design organizations, experienced factories and workshops. Development is drawn up in the form of experimental or experimental design work, including formulating the theme, objectives and development tasks; study of literature; preparation for technical design of the experimental sample; technical design (development of technical project options with calculations and development of drawings); Production of individual blocks, their association into the system; Coordination of the technical project and its feasibility study. After that, working design is performed (detailed project development); made a prototype; It is tested, finishing and adjustment; Bench and production tests. After that, the finalization of the prototype (analysis of production tests, alteration and replacement of individual nodes).

The successful implementation of the listed stages of work makes it possible to submit a sample to state tests, as a result of which the sample is launched into mass production. The developers make control and give advice.

The implementation is completed with the execution of an act of economic efficiency of the research results.

Auditing and extracurricular student work

When analyzing the processes of reforming the Higher School, the educational situation at the State University, as well as when studying the national and global areas of development of university education, the following trends are quite clear:

(a) Modern sociocultural conditions dictate the intrinsicness of the idea of \u200b\u200bcontinuous education when students (and not only) require constant improvement of their own knowledge;

b) Under the conditions of the Information Society, a fundamental change in the organization of the educational process is required: reducing the audit load, replacing the passive hearing of lectures by increasing the share of independent work of students:

c) The center of gravity in learning moves from teaching to the doctrine as an independent activity of students in education.

Types and structure of independent work of students

Depending on the place and time of the SRS, the nature of the leadership of it by the teacher and the method of controlling its results is divided into the following types of:

- independent work during the main audit classes (lectures, seminars, laboratory work);

- independent work under the control of the teacher in the form of planned consultations, creative contacts, tests and exams;

- extracurricular independent work when executing a student of homework learning and creative character

Of course, the independence of the types of work listed above is sufficiently conditional, and in the real educational process these species intersect with each other.

In general, independent work of students under the management of the teacher is a pedagogical support for the development of professional readiness for professional self-education and is a didactic means of the educational process, the artificial pedagogical design of the organization and management of students' activity.

Thus, structurally, the SRS can be divided into two parts: a teacher organized by the teacher (Organization) and independent work, which the student organizes at its discretion, without direct control by the teacher (preparation for lectures, laboratory and practical training, credit, colloquiums, etc.) in this regard, we emphasize that the management of the SRS is, first of all, the ability to optimize the process of combining these two parts. The OrgSers should be at least 20% of the total time allocated by the curriculum for independent work. The direct distribution of hours on the Organs is approved for each discipline by the scientific and methodological advice of trends and specialties. It is assumed that the ORGSRs should be provided for all the disciplines of the curriculum.

The Organization of the Organization can be described in the working program of each discipline and is aimed at expanding and deepening knowledge at this rate, and at the senior courses - also for the assimilation of interpremary ties. The time for its implementation should not exceed the norms assigned by the curriculum for independent work on this discipline. In this regard, it is necessary at the stage of development of curricula, assigning the amount of time to the audit and extracurricular work of the student, take into account the form of the Organization, because it is different, naturally require different time costs.

Technological organization independent work of students

If we talk about the technological side, the organization of the SRS may include the following components:

1. Technology of selection of the objectives of independent work. The foundations of the selection of goals are the objectives defined by the State Educational Standard, and the specificization of goals reflecting the introduction to the future profession, professional theories and systems, professional technologies, etc.

Selected objectives reflect the taxonomy of objectives, for example: knowledge of sources of professional self-education, the use of various forms of self-education in organizing independent work. In addition, the objectives of independent work must correspond to the preparedness structure for professional self-education, which includes the motivational, cognitive, activity components.

2. SRS content selection technology. The foundations of the selection of independent work are the state educational standard, sources of self-education (literature, experience, self-analysis), individual-psychological features of students (learning, training, intelligence, motivation, training activities).

3. Task Constructing Technology. Tasks for independent work must comply with the objectives of various levels, reflect the content of each proposed discipline, include various types and levels of cognitive activity of students.

4. Technology of control organization. Includes careful selection of controls, determining the stages, the development of individual forms of control.

The main characteristics of independent work of students

Analysts of the Russian Research Institute of Higher Education (NIISO) allocates the main characteristics of the SRS:

1. Psychological conditions for the success of the SRS. First of all, this is the formation of sustainable interest in the chosen profession and methods of mastering its features that depend on the following parameters:

- Relationship between teachers and students in the educational process;

- the level of complexity of tasks for independent work;

- the inclusion of students into the emergence of the future profession.

Like any kind of human activity, training activities from a psychological point of view is the process of solving specific tasks. The difference between the learning tasks from any other is that their goal is to change the subject itself, which consists in mastering certain methods of action, and not in the change of items that the subject is valid. The need to formulate and solve such problems arises before the subject only if it needs to be seized by such actions that are based on a generalization of theoretical type.

Considering educational activities as a process of solving problems, the following links should be highlighted.

First, setting a learning task. In psychology (pedagogical psychology) it is known that the goal arises as a result of concretizing the sense-forming motives of activity. The function of such motifs can only make interest in the content of the digestible knowledge. Without such interest, not only independent formulation of the learning task is impossible, but also the adoption of the task supplied by the teacher. Therefore, training that is as intended to prepare students for independent learning activities should provide, first of all, the formation of such interests.

Secondly, the use of optimal ways to solve the problem. There is a fundamental difference between educational activities under the leadership of the teacher and its independent forms, which is not affected by sufficient attention. When the teacher leads students from the concept of reality, such a move has the power of only methodological reception. When it comes to the formation of the concept by independently working with educational materials and means, the conditions of activity strongly change:

The first among these conditions is the formation of methods of logical analysis of the sources of educational information, in particular, the methods of logical analysis of information models in which the content of scientific concepts is recorded, which simultaneously constitutes one of the most important learning tasks designed to prepare students for independent learning activities.

The second important condition for the transition to self-study activities is to master the productive methods of solving educational tasks, and ensuring this condition is almost impossible without the active methodological and methodological participation of the teacher.

Thirdly, the implementation of control and evaluation over the course and the result of solving the problem. The formation of assessment operations should go from mastering methods for controlling and evaluating the action of the teacher and other students through control and evaluation of their own work under the leadership of the teacher to self-control and self-assessment of independent educational activities.

2. Professional orientation of disciplines. The delicacy of this training and meaningful thesis in terms of knowledge, attachment to creative professional activity, effective personal interaction in the profession should not diminish the significance of the knowledge of the general humanitarian culture of the corresponding blocks of disciplines of the curriculum.

In addition, the depth of profiling of certain disciplines should take into account the psychological patterns of multi-level division of future professionals: bachelor, specialists, masters.

3. Limited student time budget. First, in the formation of the temporary volume of its subject, the teacher must take into account the total total load of students out often a very subjective opinion of the undoubted importance of "my" discipline.

Secondly, the intensification of the educational process involves the rhythm of the SRS by reducing the routine work of the student in semesters.

4. Individualization of the SRS, which includes:

- an increase in the specific gravity of intensive work with more prepared students;

- division of classes for mandatory and creative parts (for all trying to cope with more difficult and, most importantly, non-standard tasks, additional issues, educational and problematic situations, etc.)

- Regularity of consultation with trainees;

- Exhaustive and timely informing about the thematic content of independent work, the deadlines, the need for aids, forms, methods of controlling and evaluating the final results with the mandatory comparison with the expected.

It is important to emphasize that the student's teaching is not the self-education of the individual on its own arbitrariness, but a systematic, managed by the teacher independent activities of a student who becomes dominant, especially in modern conditions for the transition to a multi-stage training of higher education specialists in BSU and in the system of higher education as a whole.

In this regard, the proportionality between the audit and extracurricular activities aroused close attention to the problem of organizing independent work of students (SRS) as a whole, and not only not so much in the traditional borders of specific disciplines. Strategically, the initial level of independence, with which the applicant came to compare with the requirements for graduate of higher education.

Effective letter

Value notes

1) They diminishing the task of the review. Repeated reading reports or business books is completely spending valuable time. If notes are made well, with key points and significant definitions for memorization, then you only need to view notes.

2) Writing notes at meetings or during the learning process allows you to actively turn on this process. The letter uses visual and kinesthetic (that is, the sensations of the muscles) features that helps concentration and strengthens memory.

3) People who do and use notes, generally recall the information in general more than the people who do not.

4) Writing notes - a good check of the ability to listen, understanding and memorizing skills in short-term memory. Notes can also form a basis for discussion and research.

There are three basic methods for compiling notes.

1. Notes in general terms (schematic).

2. Detailed notes.

3. Maps of thinking.

Schematic notes Compiled by drawing up a list of keywords that cause mental images of key concepts and ideas from the main text. Schematic notes in, mainly stored in a standard linear format. They can also be transferred to pocket-size cards that can be worn with them and view when it seems possible, for example, when traveling to a bus or tram.

Detailed notes - The system used by many people is afraid to miss something important. If the report was made logical, notes can be left without further change. However, this does not always take place, and notes may require editing and reorganization. Often they need additions that include further reading, research and reflections.

Due to the similar shape of the notes of the third type with the spider's web, they are sometimes called spider diagrams. They are also known as thinking cards that are the method of compiling notes offering greater flexibility and overcoming the shortcomings of schematic and detailed notes. Thinking cards are a nonlinear, spatial, graphic methodology, in which the subject discussed (plot) is crystallized in the central image. The main topics of the subject (plot) come from the central image as a branch. Branches include key images or keywords printed on the respective lines. The topics of less importance are also presented in the form of branches attached to higher level branches. Branches form a knitted node structure. Thinking cards can be expanded and enriched with color, images, codes, symbols and third dimension to stimulate interest. These extensions help memorize, understand, motivate and reproduce information.

For example, when writing notes, the thinking card may be visual representation and keyword scheme of the chapter, say, business book or self-development program. You can draw a row of microchart thinking for each chapter of the business book and McCarde thinking for all text. Then you will have a schematic macro of thinking for the entire book supported by schematic microcarities of thinking for each chapter.

Thinking cards - Only one method of a schematic presentation of information, which is used in business and education for more than twenty years. With the advent of computer graphics, including the display programs of thinking cards, the use of such a method is becoming increasingly popular and affordable. Other schematic information presentation systems include tables, graphs, columnar, circular and organizational charts, solutions trees, vein charts, algorithms, and so on.

Creating thinking cards

1. Use the A4 sheet (Il AZ, if necessary) clean paper.

2. Start thinking card in the sale of pages and move to the edges.

3. Connect the main topics to the central image.

4. Use the technique of "Wil" Il "Fish Skeleton" to connect the auxiliary lines with the main.

5. Print single keywords on connecting lines.

6. Use images, drawings, characters and codes.

7. Segment the main Tesh, drawing around them limiting lines.

8. Use individualized codes. and well-known abbreviations.

9. To make information more memorable, use mnemonics for key points. Example of thinking card:

Effective letter is the technologies of optimal compilation of notes.

Intelligent dictionaries, thesaurus, glossary

Jump to: navigation, search

Multi-volume Latin dictionary. This is how different sources give the dictionary:

The dictionary is a book containing a list of words, usually with explanations, interpretations or translating to another language. (Dictionary of the modern Russian literary language: in 17 tons.)

The dictionary is a book containing a list of words located on a particular principle (for example, according to the alphabet), with those or other explanations (explanatory dictionary of the Russian language: at 4 t. / Ed. D.N. Ushakov).

The dictionary is the universe in alphabetical order. (Voltaire)

Any dictionary consists of vocabulary articles.

The words of all parts of speech occur in the sources, as well as their own names, geographical and other names are included in the Slider. Options are made in the form of independent articles related cross-references. The exceptions are options that differ in writing from a lowercase or capital letter (see options). In the form of independent articles, communion and verbalism, adjectives and communion in brief formAdjusted in a comparative, excellent degree and in the meaning of the noun. In the form of separate reference articles, parts of the composite words attached by a hyphen (see the reference article). Forms and mn. h. Nouns are given in one article (see the header word). All headlocks that really occur in the texts of the sources are printed with capital letters in bold. In square brackets, headlocks are given, actually in the text are not found, but those who are revealing in the comments to the context or another (subject) (see the reference article). Wocked articles are located in the alphabetical order of their capital forms (the letters E and E and alphabetically vary). Inowaging enclosures are given in the dictionary by a separate unit after the main body of articles.

Header word

a) the nouns of the title form serves the form of them. p. h., except for cases of type Austrians, August, acrides, etc. (as adopted in modern dictionaries, for example, in the Russian spelling dictionary * ). Parts of speech acting in the meaning of the noun are supplied with a litter subst.. (for example: Aloi [ subst.. arr. ], LARGE [ subst.. arr. ] Believing [ subst.. and. ], Ah [ subst.. interdict. ]);

b) the adjective capital form is the form of them. p. h. Husband. p., With the exception of the words of the type of Azores (O-BA). Brief adjectives are allocated to separate articles (for example: al, automatic, bugs, venerer). Adjectives in a comparative and excellent degree - also (for example: aley, fragrant, greatest);

c) the pronuches and the numerical title form are the same as correlative nouns and adjectives. Capital shapes of assistants his her, them serve these forms themselves;
d) the verbs of the title form serves as an infinitive (perfect or imperfect species, with a particle - Xia or without it);

e) communities the title form is the same as adjectives; Communion (including brief) presents. and ask Time is issued in independent articles (for example: Allah, Alest, Povered, attacked, will be held);

(e) Narachchi, verbalia and other unchanged discharges of the words of the capital form serves as a realistic form (for example: appetizing, silent, Alya, ALEA);

g) In some cases, as headlocks, observed in the works of Okkazional Word Forms (for example: fragrant-lungs).

Options

The Principle of Maximum Independence of Options is held in the dictionary, that is, separate articles are drawn up with a variety of types of options - from outdated typosions (for example: Alavastral [ study. ;var. to [Alebaster]]) to copyright occasionals (for example: al [ new.; var. to Ality]). Options are usually associated with mutual references that are placed after the header word. The regulatory option is accompanied by references. see, see the DJ, Wed, Wed. TZH. With an abnormative version, litters may stand: var., Var. to, W. old., Prost., R., New. etc. If the normative option is not present in the texts of the sources, it lies in square brackets, for example: [alabaster], and is drawn up as a reference article. As a regulatory option, a foreign language word can act - in cases where the author used its transcription. So, for the word Alas [English alas. - alas!] An article is entered. cm. Alas.

Reference articles

References are such articles in which contexts are not given; In the dictionary, they disintegrate into two groups. The first group includes articles on words that are not really present in the sources. Each such word lies in square brackets and after it is given, if necessary, reference information, and then reference to the main dictionary. For example, in Article: Alexander [A.G. Aisenstadt] A. Geretsev, a Jewish musician. He fucked Schubert as a pure diamond. Om931 (172 ) - We are talking about the violinist Alexander Geretseca Aisenstadt, the neighbor in the apartment of Brother O. Mandelstam. In the real context, the name "Aisenstadt" is not found. Therefore, an article is introduced into the dictionary [Aisenstadt] [Alexander Geretsev - musician, a neighbor in the apartment of Alexander Mandelstam, his brother of the poet; cm. Alexander (A.G. Eisenstadt)].
The second group of referenced articles includes parts of the complex words attached by the Defis, for example: [-KOM] cm. A-BE -E-VE-GE-DE-E-ZE-KOM, [-Rerfish] cm. Mary-harpist.

2. The structure of the vocabulary article

In the structure of the dictionary article dictionary, five zones are distinguished: header word (title word), value zone, context zone, comment zone and cipher zone.

Zone value

The zone of value is optional and should be immediately over the header word. The information contained in this zone is given in square brackets (except for references to other articles) direct light font from the lowercase initial letter and provides:

a) information of a linguistic nature (grammatical and stylistic litters, etymological commentary, brief interpretations - with lexical units that are missing in the S.I. Ozhegov dictionary, - etc.), for example: ale [ compared. Art. arr. SCARLET]; Avos [ round .]; Avion [Franz. avion. - plane]; Almea [Dancer-singer in the countries of the East];

b) information of encyclopedic and other character; As a rule, they are given in articles related to historical persons - see the above section Names Own, but may also be present at geographical names, for example: Alpherovo [village in Ardatovsky district b. Simbirsk lips.];

c) reference information (see above section Reference Articles).

Zone contexts

The context zone is main and missing only in reference articles. It is made up one or more contexts, explaining the comment to the context (optionally); Essentially there is a zone of ciffers. The contexts within one article are located in chronological order (dates of writing works, up to a year), and inside the same date - according to the authors alphabet. Contexts can be of two types:

a) Fragment of the poem. The purpose of the vocabulary of the dictionary was to give such a contextual environment of the word to identify those new and unexpected "increments" of the meaning that arise in poetic usa; At the same time, the compilers sought to maximize the "compression" of the context; Therefore, the boundaries of contexts oscillate from phrases (angel lats P943 (II, 553); Magnificent Alay Rosa Ab898 (I, 374); In a furious car M927 (539)) To whole poems (see Article Ah, where the poem is almost completely given a poem of the color "crying gypsy counting"). The compilers were also sought to give fragments so that the information about the rhythm of the verse is not lost and the ability to show the reader unusual rifle structures. For example, in Article Avasal, a fragment is taken by a fragment, including a rhyme word: "Willow-Wisdoms mine! Birch virgins! Elm is a fierce Avissal, on torture, a raised pine - you, the mouth of my psalm. " When applying the context, some formal techniques indicating the pass in context (<…>), on the border of stanza (//), as well as on the border of the verse (/) in cases where the verse begins with a lower case (for example, at Mayakovsky, Cuzmin, Khlebnikov). At the end of the context, a punctuation mark is stored in the source. Inside the context or immediately after it, brief comments can be given in square brackets, for example: absinthe forty / you pull / yours. / From thousands of reproductions. [About the field of vermine] M925 (149 ); FORNICATION<…> And roasting in the counter gaze sorrow and b., We pass the city - Brutal-Sherny, Heavenly-Hood. [About Don-Zhuhan] CV917 (I, 338.1) <…>. In addition, the compilers use the type of type Iron., Joll., RP, Nar etc. (see "List of conventional cuts").

b) title, subtitle, dedication, epigraph. If the context is one of these fragments of the text, then when submitting it in the article, the font design is retained, adopted in the source (uppercase letters for titles, italics for epigraphs, etc.). After the context of this kind, the corresponding litter is placed, for example: arp melody for harp Stall. Ann900. (189.1 ); Variation variation SUNG. P918 (I, 184); Apukhtin [Alexey Nikolaevich (1840-1893) - Rus. poet] ( Memory apuchitin)Invoice. Ann900. (79.1 ); Annensky [Innokentiy Fedorovich (1855-1909) - Poet, Lit. critic, translator]<…> You're with me again, the girlfriend autumn! In. Annensky EPGF. AHM956 (225 ).

Zone comments

The comments zone is optional. The comment is located after the context, is given in square brackets with direct light font from the lowercase initial letter. In contrast to the information in the zone of value (related to all contexts this word) The comment refers only to a specific unit context, but also should contribute to a deeper disclosure of the characteristics of the word. In the comments (basis, mainly on information provided in the sources), the names of poems, historical information, indicate linguoetic considerations of the compiler, rhyme, etc., for example: Alley<…> I think about the fingers - very long - in the wavy hair, and about all - in the alarms and in the living rooms - you are thirsty. [Facts To J.N.G. Bairon] CV913. (I, 186.); ALEXANDRA. Macedonian (356-323 BC); tZH in Nazv . ] <…> "Feats of Alexander" sculpt wonderful hands - [about the book M.A. Cuzmina "Feats of the Great Alexander"] HL909. (56 ); ARCHANGEL<…> On sail, under the dome, four archangel is the most beautiful. [About the temple of St. Sofia in Constantinople] Om912 (83.1 ); Blinding thieves / with fools / Salted in the snap "Cousi / waste / and fiber. [ rFM. to even] M926 (268).

Zone Ciphers

The cipher zone is mandatory and accompanies each context. This zone indicates the author and date of creation of the work, and also references to the source page. For each of the 10 authors, brief symbols are introduced: Ann - Annensky, Akhm. - Akhmatova, Ab. - block, EU - Yesenin, KUZ - Kuzmin, Oh. - Mandelstam, M. - Mayakovsky, P - Pasternak, Hp - Khlebnikov, Color - Tsvetaeva. To specify the date, three last figures are usually used; The date is printed immediately, without a space of the author's cipher, italics: Ab898, Ann900, AHM963. Sometimes the interval between dates (or estimated period) of the creation of a poem may be indicated: P913,28, Ab908-10, Ann900-E. The presumptive date of creation of the work lies in square brackets: Color. SIFR ~ Link to the page of the corresponding edition ~ is printed through the gap after the date in Round brackets italics. For each poem text (a separate poem, poem in the cycle, the poem fragment), the page is given as the link on which the first line of this text is located. If there are several poems on the page, the corresponding sequence number is indicated: AHM910 (305.2). For multi-volume editions, the page is indicated by Roman numbers: CV921 (II, 7); EC924 (II, 159).

Abbreviation

The dictionary uses such a reduction (primarily in the context zone and zone of comments): the header word inside the article can be reduced to its initial letter, but only in word forming, which coincides with the capital shape (practically - nouns and adjectives in it. . h., verb in infinitive, etc.). This rule usually does not apply to words consisting of two or three letters or included in the title, subtitles of works, into epigraphs to them, as well as having an imagination sign. All the abbreviations adopted in the dictionary are presented in the "List of Conventional Cuts".

Glossary

Wikipedia material - free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

Glossary is a small dictionary in which words are collected on a specific topic. Frequently located at the end of the book.

The word "glossary" occurred from the word "Gloss", which means the translation or interpretation of an incomprehensible word or expression mainly in ancient monuments of writing. Greek word Glossa means an outdated or dialect word or expression.

Glossary is the most ancient type of a single-speaking dictionary. It can be said that the glossary is a list of difficult words to understand the words of any text (outdated words that have disappeared from the language, etc.) with comments and explanations. At the same time, the glossary comments and explains the text, which is considered particularly important for cultural or other considerations.

For example, Alexandria grammar created a glossary to the works of Homer. In the Middle Ages, a glossary was created to the preserved monuments of Roman literature (lexicographic compositions of Isidore, Pope, Yanuenzis, etc.). Indian specialists created a glossary to the Vedas, who are a totality of the oldest monuments religious literature India. Such examples can be brought quite a few.

Nowadays, the glossary is a comprehensive introduction to any topic. The glossary consists of articles in which the definition of terms is given. Each article consists of the exact formulation of the term in maldly case and meaningful part that reveals the meaning of the term

The glossary of its articles in the aggregate describes this or that area of \u200b\u200bknowledge.

Many reference editions are published with the subtitle "Glossary", that is, the concept of "glossary" often define a dictionary that explains the little-known words and expressions in any field of knowledge or in any essay.

Next type of dictionaries - thesaurus (Greek. Thesauros- Treasure Treasury). Thesaurus is an ideographic dictionary in which semantic relations are shown (Rhodovoid synonymic and others) between lexical units. The structural base of thesaurus is usually a hierarchical system of concepts ensuring the search for the meaning to lexical units (i.e., the search for words on the basis of the concept). To search in the opposite direction (i.e., an alphabetical pointer is used from the word to the concept).

Ideally, thesaurus should be arranged as follows. The most general concept associated with human ideas about the world will say Universe. It is asked some word. Then this concept is dismembered by two (in the thesaurus it is better to use binary, i.e. binary member system although it is optional) other concepts. for example living – non-residents (those. Universe Will be signed by live nature and non-resident nature). Nature can be dissected on reasonable and unreasonable. Reasonable shacking on men. and women. Unreasonable - on organic and inorganic etc. As a result of consistent binary membership of each concept, a tree structure is obtained.

Thesaurus is a huge conceptual tree that makes the overall knowledge of a person about the world. At the bottom of this tree are further incented in meaningless concepts. For example, a word a tear which is unlikely to be divided in a sense. Those units that are at the bottom of the tree i.e. Next, the infinite is called terminal elements. Without a doubt, not all such a tree can be drawn, but only some node. Therefore, usually in thesaurus tree is presented as follows: Each tree node is equipped with the number - the first digit corresponds to the removal from the vertex. The second shows this unit of more than one or more right branch. In the dictionary near each word should stand the number regardless of whether the terminal is the word. associated with an indispensable concept or in nodes.

Dictionary-thesaurus, in particular, is a brilliant Synonyms Sway because the words represent in the language similar to the same node (after all, this is a conceptual dictionary).

Two sets for which the node disintegrates is the antonyms. Such a dictionary of antonyms is complete and accurate as each concept is represented by a set of specific linguistic units. Dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms - side results of the creation of thesaurus. The first thesaurus published in the middle of the last century was built by P.M. Roger. It exists in two types: in English and french. In English, "Roget" s International Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases ". Thesaurus Roger was built not on the binary principle of membership. As the main thing, the concept of" category "(" Categories ") is highlighted, which is shaped into 8 semantic parts:" abstract relationship "( "AbstractRelations") "Space" ("Space") "Physical Phenomena" ("Physics") "Substance" ("Sensation") "Reason" ("Intellect") "Will" (" Volition ") and" love "(" affecects ") Each of which in turn is shaped into several others, etc. It is not yet formed by synonymous rows of words that are terminal blocks.

For the absolute majority of the languages \u200b\u200bof the world, there are no complete thesauruses yet. But there are thesaurus partial not all languages \u200b\u200band sublaws, for example, thesaurus metallurgy medical thesaurus, etc. In the practice of information work, information and search thezauruses The main task of which is the uniform replacement of lexical units of text with standardized words and expressions (descriptors) when indexing documents and the use of enterprise and associative connections between descriptors with an automated information search for documents.

In theoretical terms, thesaurus has incredible value as it structures the representation of humanity about the world. In addition, thesaurus is one of the possible models of the semantic system of vocabulary.

The dictionary is a background book containing a collection of words (or morpheme, phrases, idioms, etc.) located on a certain principle, and gives information about their values, use, origin, translation to others. Language, etc. (linguistic dictionaries) or information about the concepts and subjects, they are indicated, about the leaders in any areas of science, culture, etc. (new encyclopedic dictionary. M., 2000).

Dictionary, Slot, Slothetolone, Slotorch, Dictionary, Block; dictionaries; dictionaries; RECHNIK, LEXICON; Collection of words, rivers of any language, with interpretation or translated. Dictionaries are common and private, everyday and scientific (Dal V.I. Explanatory dictionary of the living Great Russian).

The dictionary is a collection of words (usually alphabetically), sustainable expressions With explanations, interpretations or translating to another language (Ozhege S.I. and Swedov N.Yu. Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language).

The dictionary is a collection of words of any language as boring order or for wordworks located (dictionary of the academy of the Russian. St. Petersburg., 1806-1822).

Used Books

1. Altaians A.M., Naumov V.V. Educational and methodical complex as a model for organizing training materials and remote learning. In the book: University Education: from Effective Teaching to Effective Teaching (Minsk, March 1-3, 2001) / Belarusian State University. Center for the development of education. - MN, Propilelia, 2002. - 288 p., P. 229-241.

2. Popov Yu.V., Podlesnov V.N., Sadovnikov V.I., Kucherov V.G., Androsyuk E.R. Practical aspects of the implementation of a multi-level education system at a technical university: organization and technology of training. M., 1999. - 52 s., R. 3.1 Independent work of students P. 15-24. - (new information Technology In education: Analytical reviews in the main directions of development of higher education / NIISO; Vol. nine).

3. V.P. Shishkin, Ivanovo State Energy University (ISEU, Ivanovo). Planning, organization and control of extracurricular independent work of students.

4. Semashko P.V., Semashko A.V., Nizhny Novgorod State technical University (NSTU N. Novgorod). Organization of independent work of students in senior courses.

5. Kraverke V.N., Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU G.N. Novgorod). Organization and control of independent work of students.

6. Pakova MD, Noskov V.V., Volga-Vyatka Academy of Public Service (VVAGS G.N. Novgorod). Features of the organization of independent work of students in senior courses.

7. Magaeaea M.V., Plekhanova A.F., Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU G.N. Novgorod) Organization of independent work of students in universities of the Netherlands.

8. Tishkov K.N., Koshelev O.S., Merzlyakov I.N., Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University (NSTU G.N. Novgorod). The role and methods of independent work of the student in modern conditions.

9. Pravoved.jurfak.spb.ru/default.asp?cnt\u003d83Suchkov O.A., Solopova N.S. Self-organization of training activities in the legal admission (methodological basis).

10. Kovalevsky I. Organization of independent work of the student // Higher education in Russia No. 1, 2000, p. 114-115.

11. Kuzin F.V. Preparation and writing thesis. - M., 1998. - 282 p.

12. Kun T. Structure of scientific revolutions. - M., 1975. - 345 p.

13. Nimushin A.I., Nimushin A.A. Research methods. Materials for study. Electronic variant. - Ufa, lot loans. 2000.

14. Popov Yu.P., Pukhnachev Yu.V. Mathematics in images. - M.: "Knowledge" .1989. - 208 p.

15. Walker J. Introduction to the hospitality. - M. 1999. - 463 p.

17. Glyaev V.G. New information technology in tourism. M. 1999. - 144 p.

18. Kuznetsov S.L. Computerization of office work. M. 1997.

19. Naimushin A.I., Nimushin A.A. Research methods. Materials for study. Electronic variant. - Ufa, lot loans. 2000.

Zaretskaya E. N. Rutorial: Theory and Practice of Speech Communication. - 4th ed. - M.: Case 2002. - 480 p.

Murina L.A. Rodo I.S. Dolbik E.E. Russian language exam. Manual for applicants to universities. L.A.Murina I.S. Rovdo E.E. Dolbik and others - Minsk: Tetracysystem 2000; 255 p.

Completing the magistracy, the student is obliged to pass a research practice. This is an opportunity to consolidate all accumulated in theory of knowledge and develop the practical skills of their use, so necessary in the future profession. Following its activities, the student is a report and presents to his curator.

SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PRACTICE (NIR) of undergraduates

Practice for undergraduates is a mandatory stage of the educational process in any directions - economics, jurisprudence, pedagogy, etc. It should be held by each undergraduate at the end of the training semester. The volume and schedule of the passage of the NIR is consistent with the supervisor. The place for its temporary work undergraduate also agrees with the educational department.

Objectives and objectives of Nir

The purpose of the practice can be called the systematization of the theoretical base accumulated over the training period, as well as the formation of scientific research skills by setting and solving problems on the topic of the thesis.

The main task of research work (NIR) of the student is the work of experience in the study of the problem, the selection of analytical materials for writing final work.

During the Nir, the student studies:

• information sources on the topic of their dissertation research;
• modeling methods, data collection;
• modern software products;
• rules for the preparation of scientific and technical reports.

According to the results of the Nir, the undergraduate must finally formulate the topic of its dissertation, prove the relevance and practical value of this topic, to develop a program of study and independently implement a scientific research.

Place and features of the passage of research practice

Research practice can be carried out on the basis of organizing any field of activity and form of ownership, institution of higher education system, in the body of state or municipal management.

Scientific research practice for a graduate consists of stages:

1. Preliminary stage (preparation of the work plan)
2. Basic Research Stage
3. Compilation of a report

The certification of the undergraduate on the results of its work is carried out on the basis of the protection of the submitted report.

For the organization of Nir, it is necessary:

1. Pick up the place of future practice, having coordinated him with the leader;
2. Conclude an agreement between the chosen practice of practice and the university;
3. Directing students to practice, Master's curator organizes a meeting at the Department of the University and provides students with practitioners, diary, direction, individual task and other necessary documents.

Head of the Nir from the University:

• helps write an individual plan for a student;
• studies and evaluates analytical materials collected during work and diary;
• gives general guidance to the research process.

For the entire period of practice, the Organization provides a workplace undergraduate. For the current leadership of the research work (NIR) of the student is responsible for the head of practice from the organization.

IN His tasks include:

• drawing up with the undergraduate of the program execution plan;
• observation of the student's activities and providing him with help if necessary;
• control of the progress of the compiled program;
• verification of analytical materials selected in the process of research;
• writing recall (characteristics);
• help in reporting.

During the practice period, the student's work should be organized on the basis of the logic of work on the master's thesis. In accordance with the chosen topic, the research program is drawn up. Magistrants are required to regularly make records in their diaries about all stages of work being carried out. Upon completion of research, it is required to write a report on the passage of the scientific research practice of the undergraduate and submit a ready-made report to the head at the Department of his university.

Research Practice Report

All materials collected as a result of practicing and diary records are systematized and analyzed. On their basis, the undergraduate must make a report, which in the current time-established period is transferred to the scientific director for verification. Last stage is the defense of the report in front of his head and commission. According to the results of protection, an assessment is set and the admission to the next semester is issued.

Practice is estimated on the basis of the reporting documentation compiled by the undergraduate and its protection. It includes: a finished report on the passage of practice and diary.

Structure of the report on the NIR

The practice report contains 25 to 30 pages and should have the following structure:

1. Title leaf.

2. Introduction, including:

2.1. The purpose of the NIR, the place and period of its passage.

2.2. List of jobs performed.

3. The main part.

4. Conclusion, including:

4.1. Description of acquired practical skills.

4.2. Individual conclusions about the value of the study.

5. List of sources.

6. Applications.

Also, the main substantive part of the report on the NIR includes:

• list of bibliographic sources on the thesis;
• overview of existing scientific schools on research. Usually drawn up in the form of a table;
• review of suitable on the topic scientific publication;
• the results of the development of the theoretical base of scientific research on its topic and the abstract review (relevance, degree of development of the direction in various studies, the overall characteristics of the subject, goals and objectives of their own scientific research, etc.). If the results of the research were represented by a textress at conferences or published articles in magazines, their copies are attached to the report.

The main evaluation criteria for the report are:

• logic and structure of the presentation of the material of the study, completeness of the disclosure of the theme, objectives and objectives of the study;
• creative approach to generalizing and analyzing data using the latest scientific methods;
• skills of clear and consistent material presentation, design results of their work, spending skills modern methods research, selection of demonstration materials;

From the correctness of the writing of the report depends on the final assessment, therefore it is worth considering its compilation with due attention. You can even contact your supervisor and ask an example of a report on the scientific research practice of the undergraduate. This example will help to avoid errors in the preparation and design of the document, and therefore the need to redo work.

The passage of research practice is an important stage of preparation for writing a master's thesis. On the basis of the received data, a competently composed report and records of the diary of the travelers, a final work is formed.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Posted by http://www.allbest.ru/

Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation

FGBOU in "KubSU"

Faculty of Economics

Department of Economics Enterprise, Regional and Personnel Management

REPORT

on the implementation of research practice in OJSC Bank URALSIB

I've done the work

Vasilyev D.I.

Scientific adviser:

Vanyan D.N.

Krasnodar 2016.

Introduction

In the course of the passage of research practice, a targeted collection of materials was carried out at OJSC Bank URALSIB, including from its official site. The purpose of the practice was to explore the organizational structure of personnel management, enterprise finances, accounting, reporting, collect other necessary information.

The need for research practice is that during the passage of practice, the necessary information is collected for the subsequent qualitative assimilation of professional, special disciplines, the qualitative implementation of the report. Also at the time of practice, familiarity is acquainted not only with theoretical, but also with the practical aspects of the organization's activities, which in turn also has a positive impact on the further learning process.

The tasks of research practice was:

Establish normal business relations with managers, specialists of the organization;

Determine the form (model) of the organizational structure and structure of the management of the enterprise, regulatory documents (charter or other constituent documents);

To collect general information about the enterprise, form of accounting, statistical reporting on the official website;

Get practical work skills in favorite specialty;

Make a report on the passage of practice;

Successfully protect the results of research practice at the scientific director within the prescribed period.

1. Organizational and economic characteristics of OJSC "Bank URALSIB"

financial bank reporting

1.1 General of Bank

OPEN JOINT STOCK COMPANY "BANK URALSIB" is a credit institution, successor of the Open Joint-Stock Company "Republican Investment and Credit Bank" Bashkreditbank ", (RIKB" Bashkreditbank "), Reg. number 2275 of January 28, 1993.

Bank URALSIB OJSC is among the ten largest Russian banks, provides its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 of the Russian Federation. The share of the southern region accounts for 13% of the total number of sales points of Bank URALSIB (2 place after the Volga region).

The work of OJSC Bank URALSIB is organized on the principle of a financial supermarket. Single brand provides services to private clients, small businesses, corporate clients, financial institutions. The service line has more than 40 products. Among them - deposits, mortgage, consumer and car loans, investment services, PAI mutages. According to the "Expert RA", according to the results of 2012, OJSC "Bank URALSIB" occupies 1st place in the small and medium-sized lending market, is among the five leaders among Russian banks on the size of the branch network and in the top of their own ATMs, and Also ranks 3rd by the number of plastic cards issued.

Consider in detail the history of the creation of OJSC Uralsib. 1988 - the basis of the sectoral bank serving the automotive complex, JSCB Akbankak. The Bank was issued license No. 30, which was subsequently assigned OJSC Uralsib. The founder of this bank was the flowers Nikolai Alessandrovich. Currently, Vladimir Kogan came to him as Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Bank. 1993 - the founding of the oil investment company NIKOIL (Nikil Nikyl). 1996 - the creation of the Nikoil Group of Companies. Entry into the group of commercial bank "Rodina". 1998 - Integration into the Nikoil Group of the Brokerage Company Rinak Plus. 2000-2001 - Completion of the restructuring of Nick-Oil as a multidisciplinary financial corporation. 2002 - the acquisition of "Authrancy" and the development of insurance business through the acquisition of OASO "Industrial and Insurance Company". 2003 - the acquisition of Ural-Siberian Bank with a wide branch network. 2004 - Rebranding group under the unified name "Uralsib". 2005 - As a result of the unification of the five banks of the Corporation, a universal network bank of the federal level was formed - the Bank "URALSIB". Along with him, a number of other regional banks are part of the banking group of the corporation. Registration number 2275, the bank was introduced into the book of State Register 01/28/1993, the legal address of Moscow, ul. Efremova 8 (119048).

Having accepted the growth strategy through the development of the regional network, in 2002, Bashchdardbank changed the name at OJSC Urals-Siberian Bank (the brief name "Uralsib") and as part of the same expansion outside the Bashkortostan "Uralsib" acquired control packets of Kuzbassugolbank banks (Kemerovo) , Bashproombank (Ufa), "Eurasia" (Izhevsk), "Roadmount" (Chelyabinsk), Stroyvestbank (Kaliningrad), "Dzerzhinsky" (Perm).

In 2004, 72.5% of Uralsib shares bought Nikolai Tsvetkov Corporation Nikoli. By this time "Nikoil" (created in 1993 under the name "Integrated Investments"), which earned the initial capital at the consulting and investment service of the LUKOIL NK, has already acquired the Bank "Motherland" (subsequently IBG "Nikoil", see "Book Memory "), Broker" Rinako Plus ", Autoban (Later" Autoban Nikoil ", see" Book of Memory ")," Bryansk People's Bank ", Industrial and Insurance Company (PSK, Later Insurance Group" Uralsib ") and other financial assets.

In 2005, all banks of the financial supermarket "Financial Corporation NIKOIL" (in May 2004, renamed Uralsib FC) were combined under the auspices and license "URALSIB", and the headquarters of the Joint Bank officially moved to Moscow. As of June 30, 2005, cumulative assets and corrected equity, which are on the balance sheets of integrated banks, accounted for 169.4 billion rubles (5.9 billion dollars) and 27 billion rubles, respectively.

The Uralsib Financial Corporation announced the completion of the business integration of the five banks in the corporation and the successful start of the operating activities of OJSC URALSIB. An unprecedented transaction for the integration of the business of five banks that are part of FC "Uralsib" has been successfully completed. Educated as a result of the integration of URALSIB (Open Joint-Stock Company "Bank URALSIB") registered on September 20, 2005

The decision of the shareholders of all banks participating in the reorganization, the Chairman of the Board of OJSC URALSIB was elected Nicholas Alexandrovich Flowers - President of the Financial Corporation Uralsib.

On October 3, it became the beginning of the operating activities of OJSC Uralsib. The first days have shown that all systems for ensuring the activities of the Bank, including the regional network, operate in normal mode. The transition of banks into a single balance was carried out without stopping the operating activities. Currently, the bank's customers are serviced through unified standards.

The reorganization of the banking business of the Financial Corporation Uralsib was held in the direction of the policies of the Government of the Russian Federation and the Bank of Russia aimed at strengthening and further develop the Russian financial sector, an increase in the competitiveness of domestic business abroad.

Determining conditions for the reorganization of banks of FC URALSIB were severe observance of the rights and legitimate interests of customers and shareholders of reorganized banks, the preservation of the United Bank of financial sustainability and the ability to fulfill all prudential norms of activity and the obligatory regulations of the Bank of Russia.

Consolidation of banking business FC URALSIB made it possible to significantly optimize the management of business processes and increase their effectiveness. From an organizational point of view, the combined structure has become more mobile and manageable, which will certainly be positively affected by customer service.

After the merger of FC "URALSIB" directly or indirectly brought his stake in the united bank almost up to 90%. At the same time, the package of shares of the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan decreased to 8.4%. The Joint Bank received the name of JSC Banquaralyb (Uralsib). By the end of 2006, the Bashkortostan government's package in Uralsib Bank again declined to 7.41% of shares, 48.92% of the shares belonged to FC URALSIB, 32.32% - Active-Holding, and 5, 06% - joint Stock Company "Uralsib - Capital Management." Consolidated assets of the Uralsib Banking Group on international standards as of January 1, 2007 amounted to 305.6 billion rubles, and capital is 45.2 billion rubles.

At the 20 largest depositors as of June 30, 2006, approximately 37% of its total deposits of legal entities accounted for, and the share of the 20 largest borrowers had about 117% of capital, which is a quarter of the entire loan portfolio (the latter forms 64% of net assets) . Various loans to individuals in a loan portfolio occupy a share of 28%, and the contributions and accounts of individuals are approximately equal to the volume of corporate deposits and the amount of balances on current accounts of legal entities (in the region of 20% of liabilities, 5th place among Russian banks in the size of physical funds persons).

Attention is not attracted to the stake in more than 27 billion rubles for Russian banks (almost 9% of net assets; Shares and ADR "LUKOIL" - about 10 billion rubles).

2008 - the bank's strategy has been approved until 2014, developed together with BostonconsultingGroup. Deutschebank and MorganStanley acquired 2.1% of the shares of the Uralsib Bank.

2009 - an increase in the authorized capital of the bank in the second quarter is 30% to 26.5 billion rubles as a result of the additional emission of shares.

2010 - Decision on the accession of AKB "STROYVESTBANK" and AKB "Ural-Sib-South Bank" to OJSC Uralsib.

Mission OJSC "Bank URALSIB": improve the quality of the life of the population, develop entrepreneurial activity, providing customers with complexes of financial products and services; To be an example on the efficiency of business in key sectors of the Russian financial market.

The Bank "URALSIB" is positioned in the financial market as the largest universal network bank of the federal level, which provides the widest range of financial products and services throughout the Russian Federation. Among them are traditional deposit deposits, consumer, mortgage and car loans, investment services, leasing, the possibility of participation in collective investment funds, insurance products and many others.

The URALSIB Bank is part of Tor-10 of the largest Russian banks, provides its retail and corporate clients with a wide range of banking products and services in 51 regions of the Russian Federation. Bank sales includes more than 613 points in Russia, 2.8 thousand ATMs, 8.7 thousand payment terminals, produced 3.7 million plastic cards.

According to rating research, Bank URALSIB occupies leading positions among Russian banks on assets, capital, corporate and retail loans and deposits.

According to the site "RBC.Rating" at the end of 2015, Uralsib took the 14th place in size of net assets and the 20th place in terms of balance profit. In accordance with the rating of the magazine "Profile", according to the results of 2015, Uralsib ranks 6th in terms of loans issued to individuals, and the 8th place - in terms of deposits attracted from individuals. On the remnants of corporate clients' accounts, the Bank is in the 9th place, and at the 11th margin place.

In accordance with the results of the study conducted by IR Comcon and the National Agency of Financial Research (Nafi), Uralsib confidently enters the top 5 rating of recognition of Russian banks, as well as in the top 5 rating of the most customer-oriented, reliable and socially responsible financial brands. In terms of liquid assets, the Bank is engaged in the 10th position in the ranking, in terms of net assets - 12th place.

In 2014, the Bank has ratings of international rating agencies assigned:

- "BB" Fitch Ratings - the level of creditworthiness is lower than sufficient

- STANDART & POOR "S - Issuer is dripped, but adverse economic conditions may adversely affect payments

- "B1" Moody "S Invstors Service - debt obligations are considered speculative and susceptible to high credit risk.

The integrated regional network of sales of financial products and bank services as of the end of 2015 has:

- 35 branches

- 451 sales point

- 2914 ATM

- 13866 payment terminals

OJSC URALSIB carries out operations in accordance with the following licenses:

· General license of the Bank of Russia N 30 (issued 09/20/2005).

· License for carrying out banking operations N 30 (issued September 20, 2005 to attracting precious metals into deposits and placement).

· The license of the professional participant in the securities market for depository activities issued by the Federal Financial Markets Service of 07.03.2003. № 177-06473-000100 (permanent), etc.

Cooperation with credit institutions of the Russian Federation, CIS and Baltic countries is one of the key activities of the banks of the Financial Corporation "URALSIB". As part of this area, the work is based on the principle of creating a wide network of corresponding banks and counterparties ensuring implementation strategic tasks all financial corporation.

The Bank supports partnerships with leading banks of the CIS and Baltic countries, as well as with leading world banks. Among foreign counterparties are banks such as: Raiffeisen Zentralbank Osterreich AG (RZB-AUSTRIA), Vienna; HSBC Bank PLC, London; COMMERZBANK AG, FRANKFURT AM MAIN; Deutsche Bank AG, Frankfurt Am Main; Abn Amro Bank NV, Amsterdam; American Express Bank Ltd, New York; CITIBANK N.A., NEW YORK; The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi Ltd, Tokyo.

The Bank's regional network is represented by seven regional directations. Branch "South" Bank URALSIB OJSC in Krasnodar is part of the South Regional Directorate, along with branches in Rostov-on-Don, Volgograd, Astrakhan, Stavropol.

Branch "South" OJSC URALSIB in Krasnodar is consistently among the five best banks in the region on key performance indicators and confidently holds the plank of the leading branch of OJSC Bank URALSIB in Krasnodar. Financial services of the branch "South" are popular and confidence among residents of the Krasnodar Territory.

OJSC Bank URALSIB is conducting an active policy in the social sphere. One of the main elements of this policy is joint programs with the Victoria Children's Foundation under the Strategic Partnership Agreement.

Foundation for the assistance of disadvantaged children and children deprived of parental caress - Children's Foundation "Victoria" - was established in November 2004. in order to qualitatively improve the lives of children in an unfavorable life situation, first of all, orphaned children and children left without care Parents.

After analyzing the activities of the branch "South" Bank URALSIB and comparing it with the main technologies. Directors, it can be concluded that the branch "South" is at a very high level in the field of retail business, giving way to the main indicators of the Republic and the Moscow Technical Directorate.

1.2 Organizational Bank Structure

The organizational structure is aimed primarily to establish clear relationships between individual divisions of the organization, the distribution of rights and responsibility between them. It implements various requirements for improving management systems that are expressions in certain principles of management.

Like any, organizational and management structure, Bank URALSIB Bank has three levels of management: the highest, medium and operational. At the highest level of management, the most general solutions for the management of the enterprise are accepted and the functions of strategic planning, overall control and communication with external structures are carried out. At the average level, the highest level solution is detailed, transformed into specific plans, the functions of current planning are fulfilled, the relationship between the highest and lower levels of management, control, production management and resource flows. The result of the activities of the operational level workers is the implementation of the production program, the functions of management of basic and auxiliary production, operational management and local control occurs.

The basis of the personnel management policy is to build a system involving the creation of concrete measures:

· Upon motivation of each employee to achieve the goals caused by the Bank's strategy;

· By defining the criteria for evaluating the degree of achievement of the results;
· For reward and promotion of employees.

The Bank's central office is located at: Moscow, ul. Efremova, 8. In Ufa, ul. Revolutionary, 41 Works remote central office and a branch of OJSC Bank URALSIB, which provides a full range of financial services for clients of legal entities and individuals.

The structure of the bank management apparatus is presented in Figure 1.

The Supervisory Board includes: Vladimir Kogan (Chairman), Douglas Wair Gardner, Natalia Zvereva, Denis Krakokov, Ildar Muslimov, Lyudmila Shabalkina, Dmitry Shmelev, Mikhail Molokovsky, Ilkka Salonen.

Board: Ilkka Salonen (Chairman), Ayrat Gaskarov, Evgeny Guriev, Alexey Sazonov, Ilya Filatov, Konstantin Kolpakov, Lydia Slynik, Svetlana Bastrykina.

The main accountant service: Reat Koneev (chief accountant), Nadezhda Simakova, Sergey Baydak, Alphia Zarafutdinova, Alla Kuchechenko.

Participants in the Uralsib Financial Corporation of OJSC are mainly shareholders of the Bank.

As for the southern branch in the city of Krasnodar, where the practice was passed, the control structure is as follows.

Figure 2 Control apparatus structure in the head office of the Southern Bank of the Bank

More details about some departments. The accounting department is engaged in: developing and approving accounting policies, reflecting in accounting operations conducted by the Bank, the preparation of accounting documentation, the development of bank balance sheets and other reporting forms.

The legal department includes functions:

- Develops regulatory documents and changes in the Bank's Charter

- controls the fulfillment of the Charter of the Bank and the correctness of the design of banking operations and other contractual operations of non-bank-type

- draws up bank transactions

- makes contracts, acts of pledge, guarantee and guarantees, other business documents.

The operation department of the computer is engaged in the organization of computer systems of the bank and implementing electronic payments and customer settlements and banks.

The Bank's Security Department determines the confidentiality of certain categories of the Bank's information constituting banking secrecy.

Personnel service plans the number and use of the Bank's staff, organizes a selection of personnel and alignment, organizes staff certification.

Cash service department:

- opening and maintenance of customer accounts;

- carrying out profitable and expenditure cash transactions of the Bank;

- carrying out settlement operations;

- carrying out operations with checks;

- Conduct operations in the cor. account;

- registration of settlement and cash documents;

- Formation of daily bank balances.

The lending department includes functions:

- Develops the main directions of lending and investment (credit and investment policy of the Bank);

- develops mechanisms for the implementation of credit and investment policies;

- organizes short-term and long-term lending to legal entities and individuals - entrepreneurs.

The Department of Currency Operations performs operations on the sale of currency, conducts currency accounts of customers, takes funds to currency deposits.

Thus, it can be concluded that the branch has a linear-functional management structure. Linear powers are transmitted directly from the head to subordinate and further to other subordinates. The divisions are formed by the type of activities of the Bank. Functional departments are divided into smaller departments, each of which performs a limited list of functions.

2. Analysis of the financial results of the bank

2.1 Analysis of the structure of liabilities

Commercial Bank's resources are a combination of all funds available to the Bank and used to implement active operations. According to the method of education, the resources of a commercial bank are divided into their own and attracted (borrowed) funds.

Own funds - funds received from the shareholders of the Bank in its creation and formed in the process of its activities that are at the disposal of the bank without limiting the deadlines. In the practice of banking, the share of own funds accounts for a small part of the resources.

Attracted tools are customer funds received for a certain period or demand.

The economic characteristics of OJSC Bank URALSIB must begin with studying the structure of the bank's balance sheet, namely, a liability, which characterizes the sources of funds, since passive operations largely predetermine the conditions, forms and areas of use of banking resources, that is, the composition and structure of assets. The dynamics of the structure and composition of the assets and liabilities of Bank URALSIB OJSC will conduct on the basis of the accounting balance sheet in Appendix 1 as of the period from 2013 to 2015. An analysis of the resource structure of Bank URALSIB OJSC is presented in Table 1.

Analyzing these indicators can be drawn by a number of conclusions, namely, in the structure of liabilities, raised funds (obligations) of the Bank, which is determined by the essence of the Bank and its role in the market are occupied. At the beginning of the analyzed period, they accounted for 332 billion rubles. (89.8% of the cost of liabilities), and by the end increased to a level of 378 billion rubles. (90.1%), i.e. increased by 46 billion rubles. This suggests that with an increase in the amount of funds raised funds, the Bank slightly reduced its activity in the main areas of business.

As part of the obligations at the end of the analyzed period, the greatest share in 2014 falls on customer funds, which in value terms amounted to 311521 million rubles.

Table 1 Resources Structure Bank Uralsib OJSC for 2013-2015, million RUB.

The second place belongs to the funds of credit institutions: if in 2013 in value terms they accounted for 37840 million rubles, then by 2015 They increased to 48963 million rubles. In equity expression, their level increased 1.5 times.

In the structure of the bank's own funds, the highest share of shareholders is occupied, for the period under study, they tend to grow as in relative (increased by 2660 million rubles) and in absolute terms of 10 percentage points.

Articles Other obligations, reserves for possible losses, reassessment of fixed assets, emission income in equity expression is no more than 4-6% of the specific weight from the amount of all liabilities.

2.2 Analysis of the structure of assets

The main component of assets in OJSC Bank URALSIB is a net loan debt of the bank, i.e. The amount of outstanding loans to customers. Thus, at the beginning of the period under study, this indicator was 22,7504 million rubles, and at the end - 278182 million rubles, we observe an increase in this indicator both in a relative (22.3%) and in absolute terms. In our opinion, this trend can talk about increasing lending volumes in both the retail and corporate business.

Table 3 Asset Structure Bank URALSIB OJSC for 2013-2015, million RUB.

In order to replenish bank liquidity by the Bank of Russia, a decision was repeatedly made to reduce the standards of mandatory reserves. As a result of these activities in 2013, there has been a significant reduction in the Bank's funds in the Central Bank compared with 2015. In 2014, this indicator increased slightly and reached 20.6 billion rubles. The Bank does not position itself as an active participant in the stock market, where OJSC Bank URALSIB also serves as a issuer by placing their own shares, and as an investor, acquiring paper for both resale and the goal of long-term investment.

After analyzing the composition of the resources of the Commercial Bank of OJSC "Bank URALSIB", you can draw the following conclusions:

1. The bank is steadily growing, so has an actively growing currency of the balance (due to the growth of the rates of attracted resources).

2. The bank has a high growth potential of the resource base, as the share of equity is 9.9% at the end of the analyzed period.

3. Measures to improve processes, bank management methods

As a result of studying the existing personnel management strategy, it was concluded that it is necessary to improve this strategy. Recommendations for improving personnel management strategy are adjusted in connection with the change in environmental requirements.

In today's conditions, the general strategy of the bank must comply with the limited growth strategy, which will allow Uralsib OJSC, despite the restrictions in the form of economic factors, develop and achieve strategic guidelines supplied earlier.

The second most important, after the corporate strategy, is a product marketing strategy that should be aimed at keeping existing customers and develop budget options for posting / attracting funds and other basic services for customers.

After determining the corporate strategy and product strategy of the Bank of OJSC URALSIB, the personnel management strategy, as a functioning strategy, should address the task of supporting the company's development line.

Thus, the main purpose of the personnel management strategy is to form a highly qualified, professional and mobile staff of all levels, ready to adequately respond to any changes, both in the internal structure of the enterprise and in the industry as a whole.

As part of the main goal, as well as on the basis of the identified deficiencies of the existing strategy, you can allocate the following tasks that must be solved using the personnel management strategy:

* Development of an adaptation system to changes in the external and internal environment;

* Development of mechanisms for adapting new employees, as well as employees who changed job duties within the bank;

* Development of a multilateral system of the bank's motivation of OJSC "URALSIB".

The Bank's Personnel Management Strategy of OJSC URALSIB should provide a clear program to adapt personnel to possible changes, as well as smoothing the negative reaction of personnel on these changes.
The main tasks of the personnel department are to:

- knowledge and understanding of the features of the Bank's employees;

- development of the program of change, based on environmental requirements;
- foresight of the response of employees to the planned changes;
- Development of proposals for the leveling of negative reactions to planned changes;

- training managers in the change management process;

- development and implementation of changes in the organizational structure that meets current business objectives;

- development and implementation of regulations in corporate culture;

- development and implementation of key performance indicators;

- Development and professional or personal profiles of new employees.

It should be noted that the implementation of personnel management procedures in terms of changes implies a whole system, including: motivation to changes, adaptation and learning new skills. Changes will be easier and more efficient if at the beginning of their implementation to give preference to new employees, in particular, middle managers who have experience with technologies similar to those implemented. In any case, the personnel department at all stages of change (rumors, the beginning, direct process of transformations, response) must be sensitive to the level of psychological climate in the team. Owning information about different lines of personnel behavior will allow to respond quickly to a possible reaction.

Whether the wrong process of understanding changes, which will require additional clarification, or failure to change, or a system of one's own opinion about changes.

The next moment of improving the personnel management strategy is the process of adaptation of personnel. Most experts rightly believe that the certification is one of the most effective personnel management tools.

The adaptation process should be aimed at ensuring a faster entry into the position of a new employee, training, the formation of a positive image of an organization, a decrease in the discomfort of the first days of work, an increase in motivation, as well as to assess the level of qualifications and the potential of an employee during the passage of the test period. The introduction of this personnel management strategy will help the bank to mobilize labor resources and identify shortcomings in personnel.

Conclusion

The process of combining banks and the creation of a large-scale sales network of the federal level was reflected in the financial indicators of the Joint Bank. The rapid growth of assets in 2005 is the result of the extensive process of combining banks under a single brand "Uralsib". After the merging, the growth of assets continued with the pace reflecting the intensive process.

The greatest growth of own capital of the bank was celebrated in the mid-2000s. It is mostly connected, according to many specialists, with extensive factors: the association of five banks under the brand "URALSIB" and an increase in share capital by converting shares of attached banks in shares of the United Bank. In 2006, in the absence of additional issues of shares, the dynamics of own capital of the Bank was due to extremely intensive factors: the growth of funds and retained earnings of the past years. According to RBC.Roting, at the end of 2014, the Bank "Ural-Sib" occupied the 6th place for its own capital. The dynamics of equity as a whole is adequate to the dynamics of assets and corresponds to the cost of capital adequacy.

At the end of 2014, the two leading world rating agencies - Standard & Poor "S and Fitch Ratings - raised the credit ratings of Uralsib Bank on an international scale. The increase in international credit ratings was due to the following factors:

- successful completion of the combination of five banks, minimizing integration risks;

- growing diversification of business directions;

- significant growth potential on the rapidly developing Russian banking services market;

- high-quality client base;

- high level of capitalization;

- a tendency to increase the profitability of the main banking activities;

- high quality of the loan portfolio;

- high level of liquidity of assets.

In the process of research practice, the tasks of practice were performed, a collection and analysis of the main economic and financial indicators was made, the structure of the Bank's management apparatus was determined, the history of the Bank's creation was studied. During the passage of practice, invaluable experience in the bank was obtained.

Sources

URL: http://barfin.ru/company/uralsib/history (Calling date: 04/05/2016).

URL: http://lf.rbc.ru/reviews/507/( Appeal: 04/02/2016).

URL: http://www.genon.ru/getanswer (Appeal: 03/16/2016).

URL: www.bankuralsib.ru/bank/index.wbp Options: 03/20/2016).

URL: http://www.kuap.ru/banks/2275/balances/ (Appendant handling: 04/01/2016).

Posted on Allbest.ru.

Similar documents

Bank reporting as an object of economic analysis, goals, objectives and problems of its completeness and reliability. Brief financial and economic characteristics, analysis of the composition, structure and dynamics of assets and liabilities, income and expenses, ways to improve.

coursework, added 11/13/2013


Personnel management methods in a commercial bank. Analysis of personnel management methods in a commercial bank. Program and plans for the improvement of existing personnel management methods in a commercial bank.

coursework, added 04/19/2004


Organizational and economic characteristics of the bank in the Russian Federation. Analysis of financial indicators and structure of the bank loan portfolio. Assessment of the structure of assets-liabilities, income expenses, profits. Development of a credit institution.

practice Report, added 24.04.2018


Studying the lending process of legal entities in the bank. Analysis of the assessment of customer creditworthiness. Organizational and legal and economic characteristics of OJSC Rosselkhozbank. Development of ways to improve lending management.

coursework, added 03.06.2015


Definition of the essence and content of banking operations. Consideration of the doctrine and policies of the assets and liabilities of banks. Analysis of the GEP model. Studying the composition, dynamics of assets and liabilities, liquidity and profitability of CJSC Bank Russian Etalon.

thesis, added 05/07/2015


presentation, added 09/16/2013


The concept of risk of a credit institution. Credit risk management process in a commercial bank. Analysis of the quality and riskiness of the loan portfolio and the quality of management of them. Comparative analysis of methods for identifying and assessing risk in a commercial bank.

thesis, added 06/25/2013


The concept and main characteristics of financial management in a commercial bank. Methods for the impact of monetary relations on the management object. Disadvantages of the collection form of calculations. Varieties of lending. Analysis of the dynamics of the structure of capital sources.

thesis, added 11.09.2011


The concept of business processes in the bank and effective management with them. Stages of the holding and principles of reengineering. Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of priority business processes of commercial banks of NB Trust and Bank VTB, the causes of their informalization.

coursework, added 05/29/2014


Essence, objects and subjects of bank management. Problems and prospects of financial management, its role in organizing finance in a commercial bank, improvement activities. Features of human resource management in the institution.