Municipal educational institution

Kozmodemyanovskaya secondary school

WORKING PROGRAMM

by technology (technical work)

at the level of the main general education

for students in grades 5-8.

Bayda Sergey Gennadievich,

teachers of the 1st qualification category

from. Kozmodemyanovka

2016 - 2018 academic year

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Working programm subject"Technology" is compiled taking into account the federal componentstate standard of basic general education in technology, approvedby order of the Ministry of Education of Russia No. 1089 dated 05.03.04. Served as the basisPrograms educational institutions"Technology. Labor training",recommended by the Ministry of Education Russian Federation, 5th editionpublishing house "Enlightenment", Moscow, 2006

Working programm training course technology is intended for teaching students in grades 5-8 of a secondary school.

At the school "Technology" is an integrative educational area that synthesizes scientific knowledge from mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology and showing their use in industry, energy, communications, agriculture, transport and other areas of human activity. Therefore, the study of the educational field "Technology", which provides creative development students within the framework of the project system, will allow students to acquire general labor knowledge and skills, as well as provide them with intellectual, physical, ethical and aesthetic development and adaptation to socio-economic conditions.

main goal subject "Technology" is to prepare students forindependent working life in the modern informational post-industrialsociety.

Learning technology on basic level aims to achieve the following goal:

development technological knowledge, technological culture based on the inclusion of students in various types of technological activities to create personally or socially significant labor products;

mastery general labor and special skills necessary for searching and using technological information, designing and creating labor products, housekeeping, independent and conscious determination of one's life and professional plans; safe working practices;

development cognitive interests, spatial imagination, intellectual, creative, communicative and organizational abilities;

upbringing diligence, thrift, accuracy, purposefulness, enterprise, responsibility for the results of their activities, respect for people of various professions and the results of their work;

receiving experience in applying technological knowledge and skills in independent practical activities.

Achieving these goals involves solving the followingtask:

acquisition of knowledge, skills and abilities by the child labor activity taking into accountits capabilities and interests, as well as in accordance with the needs of society;

creation of learning conditions under which students could reveal their capabilities, prepare for life in a high-tech world;

development of creative abilities, formation of professionally significant qualities;

achievement high level competence in the chosen field of labor activity;

formation of the student's personality, which has an intellectual, ethical, technological culture, a healthy lifestyle culture, capable of self-education and self-realization;

development of the need for labor activity.

General characteristics of the subject

Workingthe program was compiled taking into account the experience of labor and technological activities received by students while studying in elementary school.

The main purpose of the educational area "Technology" in the system of general education is the formation of the labor and technological culture of the student, the system of technological knowledge and skills, the education of labor, civil and patriotic qualities of his personality, their professional self-determination in the conditions of the labor market, the formation of a humanistically oriented worldview. Educational area"Technology" is a necessary component of the general education of schoolchildren, providing them with the opportunity to put into practice the knowledge of the fundamentals of science. In the basic school "Technology" is studied from the 5th to the 8th grade of this level of education.

Regardless of the technologies studied, the content of the program in the direction “Technology. Technical work" provides for the study of the material on the following through educational lines:

culture and aesthetics of work;

receipt, processing, storage and use of information;

elements of domestic and applied economics, entrepreneurship;

acquaintance with the world of professions, the choice of life, professional plans by students;

the impact of technological processes on the environment and human health;

project activity;

history, prospects and social consequences development of technology and technology.

Basic for the program in the direction “Technology. Technical work” are the sections “Woodworking”, “Metalworking”. The program must also include the sections "Folk arts and crafts", "Modern production and vocational education".

Each section of the program includes the main theoretical information, practical work and recommended objects of labor (in a generalized form). At the same time, it is assumed that the study of the program material related to practical work should be preceded by the necessary minimum of theoretical information.

Place of the subject curriculum

The universality of technology as a methodological basis of general education lies in the fact that any activity - professional, educational, creative, transformative - must be carried out technologically, that is, in a way that guarantees the achievement of the planned result, and in the shortest and most economical way.

The subject "Technology" is a necessary component of the general education of schoolchildren. Its content provides young people with the opportunity to enter without conflict into the world of artificial, man-made environment of technology and technology, which is called the technosphere and is the main component human environment reality. The artificial environment - the technosphere - mediates the interaction of people with each other, with the sphere of nature and with society.

Value orientations of the content of the subject "Technology"

As a result of learning, studentsmaster:

. labor and technological knowledge and skills in the transformation and use of materials, energy, information necessary to create labor products in accordance with their intended functional and aesthetic properties;

. the ability to navigate the world of professions, assess their professional interests and inclinations for the studied types of work, make life and professional plans;

. skills in the use of common hand tools and devices, work culture, respect for work and the results of work.

As a result of studying technologystudent regardless of the studied block or sectiongets the opportunity :
become acquainted:

. with basic technological concepts and characteristics;

. with the purpose and technological properties of materials;

.with the purpose and arrangement of the used hand tools, devices, machines and equipment;

. with the types, methods and sequence of technological operations, the impact of various technologies for processing materials and obtaining products on the environment and human health;

. with professions and specialties related to the processing of materials, the creation of products from them, the production of products;

perform the following labor operations and works in accordance with established standards:
. rationally organize workplace;

. find the necessary information in various sources;

. apply design and technological documentation;

. draw up a sequence of technological operations for the manufacture of a product or performance of work;

. connect parts by gluing, on nails, screws;

. design, model, manufacture products;

. perform technological operations according to specified criteria using hand tools, fixtures, machines, equipment, electrical appliances;

. observe safe work practices and rules for the use of hand tools, machines and electrical equipment;

. carry out available measuring instruments, measuring instruments and visually control the quality of the manufactured product (part);

. find the necessary technical information;

. develop creative project manufacturing a product or obtaining a product using mastered technologies and available materials;

. plan work taking into account available resources and conditions;

. distribute work in collective activities;

Personal results of studying the course "Technology" in the basic school:

. manifestation of cognitive interests and activity in the given area of ​​subject technological activity;

. expression of desire to study and work in industrial production to meet current and future needs;

. development of diligence and responsibility for the quality of their activities;

. mastery of attitudes, norms and rules scientific organization mental and physical labor;

. self-assessment of mental and physical abilities for work in various fields from the standpoint of future socialization and stratification;

. the formation of self-determination in the chosen field of future professional activity;

. educational and professional career planning;

. awareness of the need for socially useful labor as a condition for safe and effective socialization;

. careful attitude to natural and economic resources;

. readiness for rational housekeeping;

. manifestation of technical, technological and economic thinking in the organization of their activities;

. self-assessment of readiness for entrepreneurial activity in the field of technical labor.

The meta-subject results of mastering the course "Technology" by graduates of the basic school are:

. manifestation of an innovative approach to solving educational and practical problems in the process of modeling a product or a technological process;

. independent organization and implementation of various creative works on the creation of technical products;

. identification of needs, design and creation of objects with use value;

. selection for solving cognitive and communicative problems of various sources of information, including encyclopedias, dictionaries, Internet resources and other databases;

. usage additional information when designing and creating objects that have a personal or socially significant use value;

. coordination and coordination of joint cognitive and labor activities with its other participants;

. assessment of one's cognitive and labor activity from the point of view of moral, legal norms, aesthetic values ​​according to the requirements and principles accepted in society and the team;

. compliance with the norms and rules of labor culture in accordance with the technological culture of production;

. compliance with the norms and rules of safety of cognitive labor activity and creative work.

The subject results of mastering the program "Technology" by students of the basic school are:
in cognitive sphere:

. rational use of educational and additional technical and technological information for the design and creation of labor objects;

. orientation in the available and possible means and technologies for creating objects of labor;

. classification of types and purpose of methods for obtaining and converting materials, energy, information, objects of wildlife and social environment, as well as relevant industrial production technologies;

. recognition of types, purpose of materials, tools and equipment used in technological processes;

. possession of codes and methods of reading and methods of graphical representation of technical, technological and instructive information;

. application of general scientific knowledge in the subjects of the natural and mathematical cycle in the process of preparing and implementing technological processes to substantiate and argue the rationality of activities;

. possession of methods of scientific organization of labor, forms of activity corresponding to the culture of work and technological culture of production;

. application of elements of applied economics in the justification of technologies and projects.

in the labor field:

. planning of the technological process and the labor process;

. selection of materials taking into account the nature of the object of labor and technology;

. selection of tools and equipment, taking into account the requirements of technology and material and energy resources;

. designing a sequence of operations and compiling an operational work map;

. performance of technological operations in compliance with established norms, standards and restrictions;

. observance of norms and rules of labor safety, fire safety, rules of sanitation and hygiene;

. observance of labor and technological discipline;

. substantiation of criteria and indicators of quality of intermediate and final results of labor;

. selection and use of tools, instruments and equipment in technological processes, taking into account their areas of application;

. control of intermediate and final results of labor according to established criteria and indicators using control and measuring tools;

. identifying mistakes made in the labor process and substantiating ways to correct them;

. calculation of the cost of the product of labor;

. an approximate economic assessment of possible profit, taking into account the current situation in the market of goods and services.

in the motivational area:
. assessment of one's ability and readiness to work in a specific objective activity;

. assessment of one's ability and readiness for entrepreneurial activity;

. the choice of a profile of technological training in the upper grades of a complete secondary school or a profession in institutions of primary vocational or secondary specialized education;

. expressed willingness to work in the sphere of material production or the service sector;

. harmonization of their needs and requirements with the needs and requirements of other participants in cognitive labor activity;

. awareness of responsibility for the quality of labor results;

. the presence of an environmental culture in the justification of the object of labor and the performance of work;

. the desire for economy and frugality in spending time, materials, money and labor.

in the aesthetic field:

. product design or rational aesthetic organization of work;

. modeling the decoration of the object of labor and optimal planning of work;

. aesthetic and rational equipment of the workplace, taking into account the requirements of ergonomics and the scientific organization of labor;

. rational choice working clothes and neat maintenance of working clothes.

in the field of communication:

. formation of a working group for the implementation of the project, taking into account the common interests and capabilities of future members of the labor collective;

. registration of communication and technological documentation, taking into account the requirements of current regulations and standards;

. public presentation and defense of the project of a product, product of labor or service;
. development of options for advertising images, logans and labels;

. consumer assessment of the visual range of existing advertising.

in the physiological and psychological sphere:

. development of motor skills and coordination of hand movements when working with hand tools and performing operations using machines and mechanisms;

. achieving the necessary accuracy of movements when performing various technological operations;

. combination of figurative and logical thinking in the process project activities.

Basic form of education is the educational and practical activity of students. It is proposed to use exercises, laboratory-practical, educational-practical work as priority teaching methods. The program provides for the implementation of creative or design work by schoolchildren at the end of each year of study.

The project method allows schoolchildren in the system to master organizational and practical activities along the entire design and technological chain - from an idea to its implementation in a model, product, service; integrate knowledge from different areas; apply them in practice, while obtaining new knowledge, ideas, creating material values.

The technology program provides that students receive technical and technological knowledge and practical skills in processing various materials, get acquainted with the influence of their properties on the choice of processing method; study special terms and designations, design terms.

Knowledge and skills in design and modeling allow students to make household items on their own, develop interest, aesthetic taste and Creative skills students.

Acquaintance with history allows you to trace the history of various national crafts of your region, fosters love for your historical roots. Collective classes allow you to cultivate creativity, mutual assistance and mutual verification of practical skills.

The section on the basics of painting work, the basics of plastering, introduces students to the variety of work typical of a rural resident, gives necessary knowledge skills and abilities to manufacture building structures from wood, the construction of an individual rural house, the arrangement of a household plot.

The program provides for a systematic acquaintance with the world of professions to help students choose their life path. For this, literature materials and Internet resources in the form of presentations and direct Internet access are used.

For each topic of the program, the content of theory and practical work is determined, sources of methodological and didactic literature are given.

Criteria for assessing students' knowledge and skills in technology

Approximate norms for assessing the knowledge and skills of students in an oral survey

A score of "5" is given if the student:

Fully mastered educational material;

Able to express it in his own words;

Independently confirms the answer with specific examples;

Correctly and thoroughly answers additional questions of the teacher.

A score of "4" is given if the student:

He basically mastered the educational material, makes minor mistakes when presenting it in his own words;

Supports answer with specific examples;

Correctly answers additional questions from the teacher.

A grade of "3" is given if the student:

Did not master a significant part of the educational material;

Makes significant errors in his presentation in his own words;

It is difficult to confirm the answer with concrete examples;

Poor answers to additional questions.

A score of "2" is given if the student:

Almost did not learn the educational material;

Cannot express it in his own words;

Cannot support answer with specific examples;

Doesn't answer most of the follow-up questions

Approximate norms for assessing students' performance of graphic tasks and laboratory and practical work

Mark "5" is placed if the student:

Creatively plans the execution of work;

Independently and fully uses knowledge program material;

Correctly and accurately performs the task;

Mark "4" is placed if the student:

Correctly plans the execution of work;

Independently uses knowledge of the program material;

Generally correctly and accurately performs the task;

Able to use reference literature, visual aids, instruments and other means.

Mark "3" is placed if the student:

Makes mistakes when planning the execution of work;

Cannot independently use a significant part of the knowledge of the program material;

Makes mistakes and inaccurately performs the task;

It is difficult to independently use reference literature, visual aids, instruments and other means.

Mark "2" is placed if the student:

Cannot properly plan the execution of work;

Cannot use knowledge of program material;

Makes gross mistakes and inaccurately performs the task;

Cannot independently use reference literature, visual aids, devices and other means.

Verification and evaluation practical work students

"5" - the work was done at the specified time, independently, in compliance with the technological sequence, qualitatively and creatively;

"4" - the work was done at the specified time, independently, in compliance with the technological sequence, while performing individual operations, small deviations were made; the general appearance of the product is neat;

"3" - the work was performed at the specified time, independently, in violation of the technological sequence, individual operations were performed with a deviation from the sample (if there was no installation for that); the product is framed carelessly or not finished on time;

"2" - the student did not cope with the work on his own, the technological sequence was violated, large deviations were made during the performance of operations, the product was designed carelessly and has an unfinished look.

The assessment of the test of students is carried out according to the following system

"5" - students who coped with the work of 100 - 90% receive;

"4" - is set if the correct answers make up 80% of the total;

"3" - corresponds to the work containing 50 - 70% of correct answers.

Project Evaluation Criteria

1. Originality of the theme and idea of ​​the project.

2. Design parameters (compliance with the design of the product; strength, reliability; ease of use).

3. Technological criteria (compliance with documentation; originality of application and combination of materials; compliance with safety regulations).

4. Aesthetic criteria (compositional completeness; product design; use of folk culture traditions).

5. Economic criteria (the need for a product; economic justification; recommendations for use; the possibility of mass production).

6. Environmental criteria (the presence of environmental damage in the production of the product; the possibility of using secondary raw materials, production waste; environmental safety).

7. Information criteria (standard design documentation; use of additional information).

practical exercises the leading role in the program is assigned - this is 75-80% of the lesson time. Different methods of work allow you to increase the effectiveness of the lesson, develop labor skills, and maintain a steady interest in work.

Planning is based on programs: “ Country house and family Moscow Enlightenment 2001; "Labor training. Technology for rural schools”. M. Enlightenment. 1998; "Technology. Labor training". M. Enlightenment. 2006

5th grade

Educational and thematic plan

Name of sections and topics	Total hours	Number of hours
		Theoretical	Practical
Wood processing
Metal processing.
Folk crafts
Final lesson
Total

6th grade

Educational and thematic plan

Name of sections and topics	Total hours	Number of hours
		Theoretical	Practical
Wood processing
Metal processing
Folk crafts
Final lesson
Total

7th grade

Educational and thematic plan

Name of sections and topics	Total hours	Number of hours
		Theoretical	Practical
Wood processing
Metal processing
Repair work at home
Folk art crafts
Final lesson
Total	36

8th grade

Educational and thematic plan

Name of sections and topics	Total hours	Number of hours
		Theoretical	Practical
Basic woodworking operations
Joinery joints used in rural construction
Home improvement
Electrical work
Agricultural machines and mechanisms
Total	36

5th grade

WOOD PROCESSING. (14h)

Labour Organization. (2h)

Labor safety rules, environmental protection.

Practical work.

Rational placement of tools in the workplace.

Variants of objects of work.The workplace of the young master.

Manufacturing technology of products based on planar parts. (12h)

Basic theoretical information

The concept of technical drawing, sketch and detail drawing. Applying dimensions. Types of wood. Parts of a tree. The concept of lumber. Techniques for working with hand tools. Nails, glue, their purpose and application. Assembly of products on nails and on glue. Burning techniques, varnishing.

Practical work.

Preparation of the base surface Marking according to the template or using carbon paper. Sawing along and across the fibers, drilling, planing wood. Assembling parts with glue and nails.

Variants of objects of work.

Tool handles, pointers, rails, souvenirs, candlesticks.

METAL PROCESSING. (12h)

Organization of labor (2h)

Workplace, its organization and care. Labor safety rules.

Rules for safe work with stabbing and cutting tools.

Technology for manufacturing products from wire and thin sheet metal (10 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

Reading a drawing. The concept of ferrous and non-ferrous metals. Tool for metal processing Appointment of the simplest metalwork tools. Device for bending thin sheet metal (mandrels, templates, bending devices). Types of wire and its application. Ways of straightening, bending and cutting wire. The main parts of the file and hacksaw. Types of files in shape, notches and their purpose. Techniques for cutting with a hacksaw, filing with a file, cutting with a chisel. Techniques for drilling holes on a drilling machine and a drill. Caliper device and measurement techniques.

Practical work.

Organization of a workplace for manual work. Selection of tools and materials. Workpiece selection and work planning. Editing the workpiece and marking. Cutting with scissors, cutting metal in a vice and on a plate. Hole drilling, rivet connection. Bending in a vice and on a mandrel.

Variants of objects of work.

Scriber, curtain rings, bracket, planter, bracket, window square.

FOLK ARTISTIC CRAFTS (8 hours).

Basic theoretical information.

Brief information from the history. Local art crafts, traditions and culture of each nation. Sawing with a jigsaw as one of the types of artistic wood processing. The device and purpose of the jigsaw. Cutting along the contour. Artistic burning. Markup rules, drawing copying, template translation.

Practical work.

Preparation of blanks for sawing and burning. Fixing files in a jigsaw. Making souvenirs, toys. Contour burning. Assembly of products on nails and glue. Finishing of surfaces of products.

Variants of objects of work.Cutting boards, toys, souvenirs.

CREATIVE, PROJECT WORKS (2 hours).

6th grade

WOOD PROCESSING (14).

Organization of labor (2 hours).

Organization of work and safety rules for chiselling, sawing spikes and eyes.

Workplace organization. Safety precautions when working on a lathe, working with electrified tools.

Manufacturing technology of products based on planar parts (12 hours).

Basic theoretical information.

The main knots and connections of wooden structures. Marking and sawing spikes and eyes. Sharpening woodworking tools. Mechanical processing of wood with electrical tools. Appointment of an electric drill, electric jigsaw, electric jointer. The main components of the lathe (statin, front and rear headstocks, a handpiece with a carriage, an electric motor), the principles of its operation, the operations performed. Cutters for rough and fine turning of wood. Measuring tools (caliper, caliper, caliper, ruler). Preparing the machine for work.

Practical work.

Development, flushing, lubrication and assembly of headstock and tailstock parts. Selection of wood for turning. Preparation of blanks for turning on machines. Mounting fixtures on the spindle. Installing the tailstock. Sanding, toning, varnishing of product surfaces. Production of parts with conical and shaped surfaces on a lathe.

Variants of objects of work.

Candlesticks, nesting dolls, rolling pins, rollers, towns, details for decorative items, etc.

METAL WORKING (8 h)

Organization of labor (2 hours)

Organization of labor and safety rules when processing materials with hand tools. Definition according to the drawing of structural elements of parts.

Technology for manufacturing products from long products (6 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

Ferrous metals - steels and cast irons, their carbon content. structural steels. Long products. Non-ferrous metals (copper, aluminum, zinc) and their alloys (brass, bronze, duralumin). Basic properties of metals (tensile strength, hardness, brittleness, ductility, elasticity, solderability, weldability). The main parts of the file and hacksaw. Types of files and forms of notches. Techniques for marking and work on marking, cutting with a hacksaw and filing. Chiseling techniques. Caliper device. Vernier. Nonius counting. Methods of measurement with a caliper.

Practical work.

Determination of types of metals and their alloys. Calculation and distribution of allowance for processing. Economic cutting of material. Reading and compiling technical charts. Marking parts according to the drawing using marking tools. Metal felling. Cutting metal with a hacksaw. Sawing planes on a ruler, a square and a template. File cleaning, deburring. Joining parts with rivets. Quality control of products using calipers. Cutting and trimming of external contours with scissors for metal. Editing and final sawdust. Assembly of the product using seam seams and soldering.

Variants of objects of work.

Suspension for stands, square for fastening tables and workbenches, rakes, hoes, locksmith's square, wrenches, mock-ups and working models, etc.

FOLK CRAFTS (10 h)

Basic theoretical information.

Organization of the cutter's workplace. Materials, tools and devices. The concept of ornament. His role in the arts and crafts. Types of ornaments. Acquaintance with the interpretation of ornamental symbols. Method for constructing ornaments. Technology for decorating household items with ornaments. The technology of openwork sawing with a jigsaw.

Practical work.

Surface preparation for planimetric carving on wood. Toning. Drawing translation. Making carved compositions. Construction of ornaments. Onamental decoration of household items and kitchen utensils. Finishing of surfaces of products. Toning, varnishing, oil coating.

Variants of objects of work.

Panels, decorative carved plates, decoration of finished products, cutting boards; openwork shelves, coasters, etc.

Sample topics.

7th grade

WOOD PROCESSING (12 h)

Organization of labor (2h)

Organization of labor and workplace equipment when working with an electric drill, electric planer, electric jigsaw, etc. Labor safety rules.

Manufacturing technology of products based on planar parts. (10 h)

Basic theoretical information.

wood properties. The concept of its moisture content. Methods for drying wood. Selection of materials for strength, texture, texture. Connection methods with metals and other materials.

Techniques for working with an electric jigsaw when processing shaped surfaces. Widespread use of an electric drill with the use of various nozzles. Electric plane work. Techniques for turning conical and shaped surfaces and holes, cutting ends and ledges, cutting and finishing the surfaces of parts on a lathe under a tree.

Practical work.

Drawing up ornamental drawings, sketches and reading drawings of parts with conical and shaped surfaces. Drawing up a title and technological planning of work (development of a technological map).

Performing operations: sawing with an electric jigsaw along the contour, working with an electric drill with nozzles, planing with an electric planer, turning conical and shaped surfaces, trimming ends, processing the inner cylindrical surface.

Variants of objects of work.

Lights, cornices, cutting boards, tool handles, door and furniture handles

METAL WORKING (10 h)

Organization of labor (2h)

Workplace organization. Labor safety rules for turning and milling machines. General arrangement of metal-cutting machines.

Technology of manufacturing products on turning and milling machines (8 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

The concept of the cutting process on a lathe. Main and auxiliary movement. The main types of work performed on screw-cutting lathes. Types and designs of turning tools and methods of their installation. Types of cutters. The design and geometry of the tooth of a cylindrical cutter.

Practical work.

Turning. Organization of the workplace and labor safety. Lathe control. Installation and fixing of workpieces. Choice of cutting modes. Cutting ends and ledges. Treatment of cylindrical surfaces. Removing bevels. Drilling and reaming blind and through holes on a lathe. Chamfering. Quality control.

Milling. Organization of the workplace and labor safety. Milling machine control. Installation and fastening of blanks. Milling planes with manual and mechanical feed. Quality control.

Variants of objects of work.

Rollers and axles with a diameter of 10 ... 20 mm, bolts, nuts, plugs, washers, bushings, brackets, rods, rods, simple tools and fixtures.

REPAIR WORK IN HOUSEHOLD (4h)

Basic theoretical information.

The concept of carving. The main elements of the thread. thread profiles. Tools for cutting external and internal threads. Details for threaded connections.

Labor safety rules during electrical work. Electrical circuit: source, consumer, controls (switch, button, types of switches, their designation on electrical diagrams). Wiring diagram: principal, mounting.

The sequence of electrical work. Installation of internal external wiring. Saving electricity.

Practical work.

Cutting internal threads in through and blind holes. Cutting external cylindrical threads with a die on a rod. Cutting threads on pipes with a die or with the help of a die. Assembly of water supply elements using squeegees, union nuts, adapters, elbows, tees and water intake fittings.

Drawing up schematic and wiring diagrams for the wiring of a single-family residential building and outbuildings.

Termination and connection of wires and cables using terminal blocks, twisting, soldering. Joint isolation.

Assembly and disassembly of the main wiring devices.

Installation of lighting wiring using electrical installation devices and fuses (on the panel).

Variants of objects of work.

Screws, bolts, studs, nuts, body products. Electrical wiring of a rural house (on layouts); electrical wiring of outbuildings (on layouts).

FOLK ART CRAFTS (6 hours)

Organization of labor (2 hours)

Workplace organization. Labor safety rules when performing wood carving.

Wood carving technology (4 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

Finishing the carved surface of the product (grinding and polishing, coating with oil, wax, varnish, glue, toning).

Wooden architecture. Flemish carving. Cloud carving. Varieties of house carving: deaf, consignment note, volumetric. Materials and tools. Elements of the hut, decorated with house carvings: chapels, balusters, frontal board, platbands, dormers, valance, kokoshnik, towel, melon, volute, comb.

Practical work.

Preparation and marking of surfaces for decoration with geometric carvings. Performing training exercises. Construction of sketches of compositions for decorating products. Making creative carved compositions. Finishing carved products: oil, varnish, toning.

Production of models of wooden buildings. Making individual elements of house carving to decorate the interior of a home. Creation of sketches and phased work on the project.

Variants of objects of work.

Cutting boards, spatulas, caskets, candlesticks, other household items; architraves, ornamental stripes, cornices, office decoration items, etc.

CREATIVE, PROJECT WORKS (4 hours)

8th grade

BASIC WOODWORKING OPERATIONS (8h)

Basic theoretical information.

Markup. Appointment and role in carpentry. Marking and measuring tools, markup according to the drawing, markup according to the template and sample. Sawing. Purpose of saws, setting of teeth. Planing. The device of a planer, jointer and other tools for planing. Sharpening and straightening planer knives. Chiseling, cutting with a chisel and drilling. Sharpening and straightening of chisels and chisels. Cutting and sharpening angles. Drilling wood. Drilling tools and drill elements. Techniques for drilling blind and through holes. Drilling quality control.

Practical work.

Preparing hand saws for work. Checking the correct wiring and sharpening of saw teeth. Teeth setting and sharpening by hand. Planing of bars and boards with a sherhebel, planer and jointer with checking the correctness of the roughness of the planed surfaces. Sharpening of planer knives, jointers and tools for profile planing. Checking the quality of sharpening knives. Marking for drilling holes perpendicular to the surface of the part. Drilling holes (through and to a given depth). Sharpening of various drills, chisels and chisels. Cutting with a chisel along, across and in the butt. Chamfering with chisels, cutting grooves.

Variants of objects of work.

Mallet, stool, shoe rack, clothes hanger, household equipment.

JOINT JOINTS USED IN AGRICULTURAL CONSTRUCTION (5 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

The concept of cuts. Ways of merging and building logs, beams. Tools and templates used in marking and making cuts. Rallying logs and beams. Rallying plates and boards. Types, markings and techniques for making corner joints in log houses. Connection of parts on nails and screws. Box connections. Examples of application and calculation of the main dimensions of the corner middle and box connections. Types of joints used in the manufacture of window and door blocks, carpentry partitions and built-in furniture. Glue connections. Technological process of gluing: preparing wood materials and glue, applying glue to wood, pressing the parts to be glued, curing.

Practical work.

Connection of bars dry: angular, tee, cross. Rallying boards and shields with dry edges along the width; on a smooth fugue and plug-in spikes, in a quarter, in a tongue, on a rail; rallying shields on dowels with plug-in rails at the ends, into the tip. The connection of the spikes is dry (without glue; on the “mustache” with solid and plug-in spikes; on the “dovetail” spikes). Marking straight spikes and eyelets using various devices. Cutting straight spikes and lugs in squared parts using hand carpentry tools. Hollowing out nests for inserts of various shapes with sealing the resulting nests with inserts of the appropriate shape.

Variants of objects of work.

Portrait frame. Book and kitchen hanging shelves. Frame. Stools of various designs.

HOUSEHOLD DEVELOPMENT (5 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

Various greenhouse designs. Expedient location of greenhouses on the site. Wooden and metal elements of greenhouse structures. Rules for the assembly and installation of frame structures for greenhouses. Methods for mounting transparent coatings. Greenhouse automation elements.

Practical work.

Development of greenhouse structures. Workplace organization. Preparation of the necessary tools and blanks. Production of individual parts of the greenhouse. Installation of a transparent coating. Quality control of works.

ELECTRICAL WORKS (6 h)

Basic theoretical information.

General characteristics household consumers of electricity. Electric heaters: electric stoves, irons, heaters, water heaters. Characteristics of heating elements. The device of an electric iron and electric stove and the procedure for their maintenance. Methodology for identifying and troubleshooting.

Electrified tools: electric drill, electric planer, electric hand saw under the tree. Device and maintenance of collector electric motors.

Specifications of Household electric machines for tillage, harvesting, animal care (rotary electric tiller, electric cutter, lawn mowers, feed grinders, etc.)

Practical work.

Introduction to electrical heating devices. Disassembly and assembly of electric iron and electric stove.

Familiarity with the device of the electrified tool. Disassembly and assembly of the electric drill. Service of the collector electric motor. Installation of the electric pump on a plate or on a pontoon. Acquaintance with the device of a single-phase asynchronous electric motor in the process of assembling and disassembling the feed chopper.

AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND MECHANISMS (12 hours)

Basic theoretical information.

Classification of agricultural machines. Tillage machines: plows, deep tillage cultivators, disc cultivators, disc and tooth harrows and rollers. Purpose, device, principle of operation. Preparation of tillage machines for work. Labor safety rules when working on soil-cultivating units.

Purpose, device and principle of operation of machines for applying organic and mineral fertilizers. Preparation for work. Protecting the environment from pollution when using fertilizers. Occupational safety when fertilizing.

Classification of sowing and planting machines. Purpose, design features of a grain seeder, potato planter and transplanter. The principle of operation of sowing and planting machines. Preparation of sowing and planting machines for work. Occupational safety when working on sowing and planting machines.

Classification of soil-cultivating combined machines and units. Purpose, device and principle of operation. Preparation for work. Daily maintenance.

Practical work.

Setting the plow and cultivator to a given depth of tillage. Maintenance of a disc cultivator.

Familiarization with the working process of the mineral fertilizer spreader. Daily maintenance of mineral and organic fertilizer spreaders.

Familiarization with the working process of a grain seeder, potato planter, transplanter. Acquaintance with the working process of soil-cultivating combined machines and units. Carrying out daily maintenance. Basic adjustments of the working bodies and setting to a given depth of tillage.

Familiarization with the working process of machines for plant care (cultivator, duster, sprayer), mower, pick-up stacker, grain cleaner, forage harvesters. Mastering a set of activities rational use agricultural machinery.

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF STUDENTS 5 CLASS.

know/understand:

be able to:

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF STUDENTS 6 CLASS.

As a result of studying technology, the student, depending on the section being studied, must

know/understand:

.what is a technical drawing, sketch and drawing;

.the main quality parameters of the part: the shape, roughness and dimensions of each elementary surface, their relative position; be able to exercise their control;

.ways to prevent the negative consequences of human labor activity on the environment and own health;

.types of lumber; take into account their properties during processing;

.the general arrangement of a locksmith's workbench, the rules and techniques for using it when performing locksmith operations;

.purpose, device and principle of operation of the simplest plumbing tools (marking, percussion and cutting) and devices for riveting; basic rules for using them when performing relevant operations;

.the main types of mechanisms according to the functions they perform, as well as the working bodies used in them;

.types of lumber;

be able to:

.rationally organize the workplace and observe the rules of labor safety and personal hygiene when performing these works;

.adjust the simplest hand tools (sherhebel, planer, hacksaw) and a wood lathe for a given shape and size, ensure the required accuracy of the relative position of the surfaces;

.develop the content of instructional and technological maps and use them when performing technological work;

.find the necessary information, process and use it;

.perform stud joiner joints;

.grind and polish flat metal surfaces;

identify and use in practice the simplest methods of artistic wood finishing technology (grinding, burning, finishing the surfaces of materials with paints and varnishes)

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF STUDENTS GRADE 7 .

As a result of studying technology, the student, depending on the section being studied, must

know/understand:

.what is a technical drawing, sketch and drawing;

.the main quality parameters of the part: the shape, roughness and dimensions of each elementary surface, their relative position; be able to exercise their control;

.ways to prevent the negative consequences of human labor activity on the environment and one's own health;

.types of lumber; take into account their properties during processing;

.the general arrangement of a locksmith's workbench, the rules and techniques for using it when performing locksmith operations;

.purpose, device and principle of operation of the simplest plumbing tools (marking, percussion and cutting) and devices for riveting; basic rules for using them when performing relevant operations;

.the main types of mechanisms according to the functions they perform, as well as the working bodies used in them;

.types of lumber;

.general arrangement and principle of operation of woodworking lathes of the turning group;

be able to :

.rationally organize the workplace and observe the rules of labor safety and personal hygiene when performing these works;

.adjust the simplest hand tools (sherhebel, planer, hacksaw) and a wood lathe for a given shape and size, ensure the required accuracy of the relative position of the surfaces;

.develop the content of instructional and technological maps and use them when performing technological work;

.graphically depict the main types of gear mechanisms;

.find the necessary information, process and use it;

.perform basic training and production operations and manufacture parts on drilling and turning machines for wood;

.perform stud joiner joints;

.grind and polish flat metal surfaces;

identify and use in practice the simplest methods of artistic wood finishing technology (grinding, burning, finishing the surfaces of materials with paints and varnishes)

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE LEVEL OF PREPARATION OF STUDENTS 8 CLASS.

As a result of studying technology, the student, depending on the section being studied, must

know/understand:

.what is a technical drawing, sketch and drawing;

.the main quality parameters of the part: the shape, roughness and dimensions of each elementary surface, their relative position; be able to exercise their control;

.ways to prevent the negative consequences of human labor activity on the environment and one's own health;

.types of lumber; take into account their properties during processing;

.the general arrangement of a locksmith's workbench, the rules and techniques for using it when performing locksmith operations;

.purpose, device and principle of operation of the simplest plumbing tools (marking, percussion and cutting) and devices for riveting; basic rules for using them when performing relevant operations;

.the main types of mechanisms according to the functions they perform, as well as the working bodies used in them;

.types of lumber;

.the possibilities and use of a PC in the process of work to perform the necessary calculations, obtain the necessary information about the technology of processing parts and assembling products;

.general arrangement and principle of operation of woodworking lathes of the turning group;

be able to:

.rationally organize the workplace and observe the rules of labor safety and personal hygiene when performing these works;

.adjust the simplest hand tools (sherhebel, planer, hacksaw) and a wood lathe for a given shape and size, ensure the required accuracy of the relative position of the surfaces;

.develop the content of instructional and technological maps and use them when performing technological work;

.graphically depict the main types of gear mechanisms;

.find the necessary information, process and use it;

.perform basic training and production operations and manufacture parts on drilling and turning machines for wood;

.perform stud joiner joints;

.grind and polish flat metal surfaces;

identify and use in practice the simplest methods of artistic wood finishing technology (grinding, burning, finishing the surfaces of materials with paints and varnishes)

LIST OF TRAINING AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT

Tutorials

Technology. Technical work: Grade 5: Textbook for students of educational institutions. / Ed. V.D. Simonenko. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2008. - 192p.

Technology. Technical work: Grade 6: A textbook for students of educational institutions. / Ed. V.D. Simonenko. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2008. - 208s.

Technology. Technical work: Grade 7: Textbook for students of educational institutions. / Ed. V.D. Simonenko. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2009. - 176s.

Technology. Technical labor:8th grade:Textbook for students of educational institutions. / Ed. V.D. Simonenko. -M: Ventana-Count, 2009. - 208s.

Khromov A.A., Khromov A.I. Methodological system teaching schoolchildren project activities. // School and production, 2008. - No. 8. - P. 10-15.

Equipment

Locksmith's tools: (hammers, files, locksmith's saws, locksmith's corner, etc.).

Drilling machine, lathe, milling machine, jigsaw, electric drill, posters.

Carpentry tools: (planers, mallets, hacksaws, chisels, workbenches, marking equipment).

Didactic material

Instruction cards:

Aircraft catapult, boat with rubber motor, cutting board, scoop, snow shovel, mop, stretcher making, box connections.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Basic

Pichugina G.V. Competence-based approach in technological education. // School and production, 2006. - No. 1. - P. 10-1

Standard for basic general education in technology. // School and production, 2004. - No. 4. - P. 10-15.

Khotuntsev Yu.L., Simonenko V.D. Programs of educational institutions. Technology. Labor training. 1-4, 5-11 grades. - M .: Education, 2006. - 240s.

Additional (for teacher)

1. Borovkov Yu.A. Technical handbook of the teacher of labor: a guide for teachers in grades 5-8. Yu. A. Borovkov, S. F. Legornev, B.A. Cherepashentsev. 2nd ed., revised. and additional - M .: Education, 1989 .

2. Kovalenko V.I. Labor objects. 5-8 grades. Processing of wood and metal: a guide for the teacher. V.I. Kovalenko. V.V. Kulenenok.- Enlightenment, 1990.

3. Website of social workers.

Additional (for students)

1. Richvik, E. We make wood: a book for students in grades 5-8. E. V. Rikhvik. - M .: Education, 1988.-128 p.

2. Leontiev, D.P. Do it yourself. Children's Literature, 1978.

Developed by technology teacher

(technical labor)

MBOU secondary school No. 20

villages of Bryukhovetskaya, Krasnodar Territory

PROSKURA EKATERINA EVGENEVNA

What is the name of the profession of a worker engaged in the manual processing of wood?

a) carpenter

b) sawmill;

c) turner

d) locksmith

2. What is the workplace for wood processing equipped with?

a) carpentry workbench;

b) paintwork materials;

c) an armchair;

d) preparation.

3. What does not apply to fixing workpieces on a workbench?

a) side clamp;

b) wedge;

c) tray;

d) turning fingers.

4. What are the retractable and swivel pins used for?

a) to adjust the height of the workbench;

b) to support long workpieces during planing;

c) to stop workpieces during planing.

5. What is the purpose of the front and back clamp?

a) for fixing workpieces;

b) for convenient fixation of drawings and sketches;

c) to fix the tool.

6. In the subject "Technology" are studied:

a) automobile production technologies;

b) technologies for creating medical instruments;

c) technologies for the transformation of materials, energy, information;

d) technologies for creating aircraft and spacecraft.

7. Which type of wood is not coniferous?

a) pine;

b) cedar;

c) fir;

d) alder.

8. Which type of wood has a white color with a reddish tinge and a slightly pronounced texture? It is hard and viscous, but quickly rots.

a) birch;

b) oak;

c) aspen;

d) larch.

9. What is veneer?

a) pressed lindens from steamed and chopped wood to the smallest fibers;

b) sheets obtained by pressing sawdust, shavings and wood dust;

c) a thin layer of wood obtained by planing or peeling.

10. What is plywood?

a) lumber with a thickness of less than 100 mm and a width of less than twice the length;

b) lumber, consisting of three or more layers of peeled veneer;

c) lumber obtained by longitudinal sawing of a log in half.

11. What is a drawing?

a) a graphic image made by hand with an indication of the dimensions and observance of proportions by eye;

b) a graphic image made according to the rules of drawing with the help of drawing tools;

c) a three-dimensional image made by hand.

12. Specify the magnification scale?

a) 1: 2;

b) 1: 1;

at 21.

13. Which line indicates the axes of symmetry and the centers of the holes?

a) a solid thick line;

b) dashed line

c) dash-dot line with two dots;

d) dash-dotted line.

a) determine which lines are used for execution;

b) determine the name, scale, number of species, size, shape and material;

c) determine the order of manufacture of the part.

15. What is indicated in technological map?

a) sequence of operations, graphic representation, tools and devices used;

b) a system that determines the procedure and timing of the manufacture of the product;

c) part of the production process for turning a workpiece into a part.

16. The outline of the part in the drawings is performed by:

a) a solid thin line;

b) dash-dotted line;

c) a solid thick main line;

d) dashed line.

17. What is called markup?

a) drawing lines and dots on the workpiece indicating the places of processing;

b) drawing additional, auxiliary lines in the manufacture of the product;

c) drawing points on the workpiece for drawing lines.

18. What is the thickness gauge used for?

a) for drawing lines and scratches parallel to the edges of the workpiece;

b) for measuring angles according to the sample and transferring them to the workpiece;

c) for drawing arcs of a circle and transferring dimensions;

d) to measure the workpiece.

19. What is the base edge?

a) having the largest width;

b) serving as the basis for further markup;

c) on which the workpiece is installed.

20. What is sawing?

a) the formation of sawdust in the process of working with a saw;

b) cutting wood into pieces with a saw;

c) processing of the workpiece according to the markup.

21. What is the name of the 45º and 90º angle cutter?

a) surface gauge;

b) emphasis;

c) stool.

22. What is a hacksaw?

a) a carpenter's saw shaped like a knife;

b) a saw with a stretched blade;

c) a saw with a loose rigid blade.

23. What is a miter box?

a) devices for drawing marking lines at an angle of 45 ° and 90 °;

b) a device for sawing workpieces at an angle of 45 ° and 90 °;

c) a device for fixing the workpiece on a workbench.

24. What is planing?

a) carpentry operation of cutting thin layers of wood from the surface of the workpiece;

b) leveling the surface of the workpiece;

c) separation of the workpiece into parts with the formation of chips.

25. What is the name of a planer for rough planing of wood?

a) zenzubel;

b) sherhebel;

c) rasp;

d) jointer.

26. What is not included in the planer device?

a) chip breaker;

b) a pen;

c) a knife;

d) miter box.

27. How should the planer be placed on the workbench?

a) in the tray with the blade of the knife towards you;

b) into the tray with the blade away from you;

c) on the cover of the workbench with the blade to the side.

28. How can you control the quality of planing?

a) a ruler;

b) by eye;

c) surface gage;

d) stool.

29. Which of the tools is not used for drilling?

a) rotator;

b) drill;

c) drill;

d) screwdriver.

30. What hole is called deaf?

b) performed to a certain depth;

c) having an oval cross section.

31. What is not included in the rotation device?

a) emphasis;

b) rotation handle;

c) grip handle;

d) patron.

32. What is the drill shank used for?

a) for cutting wood fibers;

b) to secure the drill in the chuck;

c) to remove the cut chips from the hole.

33. Which tool is used for drilling?

a) drill;

b) surface gauge;

c) screwdriver.

34. What hole is called a through hole?

a) passing through the entire part through;

b) performed to a certain depth;

c) having an oval section

35. What is not included in the device of a hand drill?

a) emphasis;

b) cutter;

c) rotation handle;

d) cartridge

36. What are the main parts of a nail

a) head, rod, point;

b) hat, base, point;

c) head, rod, blade.

37. What tool is used when driving nails?

a) ticks;

b) a hammer;

c) scissors.

38. What tools are used to pull out nails?

a) an awl;

b) mandrel;

c) ticks;

d) a square.

39. What fasteners are used to connect wood products? (2 correct answers)

a) a screw

b) self-tapping screw;

c) hairpin;

d) screw.

40. What is a slot?

a) slot for a screwdriver;

b) the tip of the screw;

c) a helix on a rod.

41. With what shape of the head screws are not used?

a) semicircular;

b) secret;

c) semi-hidden;

d) square.

42. What tools are used to prepare a hole for a countersunk head screw? (2 correct answers)

a) ticks;

b) brace;

c) drill.

43. What tool is used to clean wood parts?

a) rasp;

b) clamp;

c) sherhebel.

44. What is the name of the device for fixing the workpiece during stripping?

a) a vice;

b) miter box;

c) ticks.

45. What files are used for stripping?

a) flat;

b) pentagonal;

c) oval;

d) oblique.

46. ​​What part is not included in the burner device?

a) body;

b) pen;

c) electrical cord;

d) handle.

47. What is a jigsaw?

a) a device for sawing material along curved lines;

b) type of saw for dividing workpieces into parts;

c) a device for fixing plywood blanks.

48. What are the main parts of a jigsaw?

a) frame, leg, clamping screw;

b) frame, handle, tension screw;

c) frame, handle, upper and lower clamping screw.

49. What tool is used for stripping products sawn with a jigsaw?

a) a file;

b) rasp;

c) file.

50. What device is installed on the cover of a metal workbench designed to secure the workpiece or part being processed?

a) clamp;

b) clamp;

c) bench vise.

51. What metal alloy belongs to the group of "ferrous metals"?

a) bronze;

b) brass;

c) cast iron;

d) duralumin.

52. How to get a wire with a thickness of less than 5 mm?

a) forging;

b) rolling;

c) drawing.

53. What layer of non-ferrous metal is covered with tinplate?

a) zinc;

b) tin;

c) aluminum.

54. What tool is used to apply risks on a metal workpiece when marking?

a) punch;

b) scriber;

c) marker;

d) pencil.

55. What tool is used for manual cutting of roofing steel and tin?

a) punch;

b) locksmith scissors;

c) ticks.

Answers:

№ question

answer

Students should know: for technical work:

Name and purpose of hand tools, devices provided by the program;

Labor safety rules when working with hand tools
volume;

Markup rules for templates, ruler, square;

Techniques for working with a subject instructional map;

Rules for designating dimensions on a sketch;

Methods for processing various materials provided
program;

Rules for performing application work;

Name and purpose of transport vehicles;

Rules for labor safety, personal hygiene during mudflows
agricultural work; plant growth conditions (light, heat,
moisture);

Rules for the care of indoor plants (watering, loosening
soil);

Rules for planting (sowing) agricultural plants.
Students should be able to:

for technical work:

Organize the workplace (select and place mat
rials and tools in the workplace, save materials,
observe occupational health and safety);

Accept the goal and keep it until the end of the work;

Plan subject-practical activities (work
with an operating plan; analyze the sample for learning
body and independently; make up short plan, a story about the performance
slow work; work according to the sample and drawing; do it right
to understand the studied technological operations for all types of labor);

To carry out phased and final self-control;

Evaluate work;

for agricultural work:

Organize work (observe labor safety rules)
yes during agricultural work);

Take care of indoor plants (watering, removing dry
leaves and branches, loosening the soil);

Prepare and sow the seeds in the ground.

Ill class(64 h) 3

agricultural labor(10 h)

Autumn work (5 hours)

Rules for collecting seeds and methods for their storage. Harvest. Autumn tillage. Labor safety rules when working with a rake, a shovel.

Practical work. Types of work on the school site. Collection of seeds of plants grown in the plot of the educational and experimental site. Preparing the soil on the plot, cleaning the training and experimental site from plant residues, digging the soil. Work with natural material (organization of drying). Making handicrafts (birds and animals) from natural material according to the tales of the peoples of the world. "Autumn Bouquet"

Spring work and work in classroom (5 hours)

Information on agricultural work. Labor safety and personal hygiene rules. Rules for propagating indoor plants by cuttings and caring for them. Acquaintance with the seeds of root crops (radishes, beets, carrots) and annual ornamental plants (lupins). Preparation of seeds for sowing (sorting, checking for germination, soaking). Acquaintance with the work of people and professions in agricultural production.

Practical work. Sowing dates, their influence on the yield of root crops. Sowing seeds of root crops and flower and ornamental plants in the ground. Cultivated plants, their difference from weeds. Watering, loosening, weeding, thinning, planting seedlings. Preparation for planting cuttings of berry crops (currant), digging and marking the plot, planting cuttings. Care of planted cuttings.

technical labor(30 h)

Paper and cardboard processing (16 h)

Main technological stages paper production. paper properties. Types of cardboard

1 Based on 2 hours per week.

properties and purpose (strength, thickness, relation to moisture). Rules for reading a sketch, putting down dimensions on a sketch. Bending paper and cardboard along the marking lines, cutting with a knife using a folding ruler. Production of flat and volume products. Connection of parts different ways(glue, thread, soft wire). Pasting cardboard with colored paper.

Sample list of products. Application based on the story of I.S. Sokolov-Mikitov "Listopadninek". Application "Golden autumn". "Swans"(origami based on the story of L.N. Tolstoy). Applique using cardboard lace "Fairy Palace", "My four-legged friend". Production of manuals for mathematics lessons. Production of manuals for Russian language lessons. Volumetric composition based on the story of K. Paustovsky "Badger nose". Origami (based on stories about animals). Foil stamping. "Aquarium"(group work). Making a puppet theater (collective work). "My favorite book". "Lotto". Games (puzzles).

Technical modeling (14 hours)

Technical and technological information. Technical information about transporting devices and machines, their purpose and application. Techniques for assembling from the details of the designer of models of technical devices, machines, etc.

Production of technical toys, models and layouts according to samples, drawings, sketches and according to students' own ideas. Demonstration of technical toys in action, their regulation. Production of models from semi-finished products. Improving the methods of processing materials.

Sample list of products. Manufacture of a machine with a lift. Manufacturing of agricultural machinery. Layout "Airport". Ships. My house. Heroes of a fairy tale "Grey Neck"(from semi-finished products). New Year's toys. At the circus ("Clown", "Monkey"). Flying and floating technical toys (from the designer).

Household labor(8 h)

Fabric processing (6 h)

Technical and technological information. Properties of tissues of animal origin (silk, wool). Making a pattern (according to a sample, sketch, instruction card). Types of stitches and seams:

"line", "stalked", "tambour", technique and purpose. Ways of connecting parts of the product. Embroidery.

Sample list of products. Marking the fabric folded in half and cutting it ("Towel"). "Needle". Soft toys based on the fairy tales of A.S. Pushkin ("Swan", "Squirrel"). Application (based on the fables of I.A. Krylov). Application based on the story of Tolstoy "The Lion and the Dog"

Clothes care (2 hours)

Repair of clothes (sewing on buttons, hooks and loops). Types of payments.

Fundamentals of artistic processing of various materials(16 h)

Technical and technological information. Acquaintance with tools for processing soft wire (cutters, pliers, round nose pliers, file, hammer). Appointment of tools, methods of working with them, labor safety. Technology for processing various materials (finishing clay products, stylization techniques in modeling, preparing fabric for painting, eggshell processing techniques, wood processing, etc.). Rules for applying and removing a stencil, painting a drawing on stencils. Methods for connecting parts.

Sample list of products. Application based on the story of M. Gorky "Sparrow"(materials: pen, cardboard, colored paper). "Forest Animals"(capsules from Kinder Surprise, caps from felt-tip pens, feathers, wire, plasticine). Application based on the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin "The Tale of the Golden Cockerel". Napkin-stand (materials: cardboard, twine, fabric). "Bouquet for Mom"(burlap, colored paper, twine, wire). Application based on the story of M. Prishvin "Guys and ducks"(pen, cardboard, colored paper, sand). Application based on the story of K. Paustovsky "Hare paws". "Funny Masks"(fabric, colored cardboard). Application based on the story of V. Bianchi "Owl". "Spaceship". The first flowers (beads, fabric, wire). Heralds of spring (materials: plasticine, feather). Application based on the poem by N. Nekrasov "Grandfather Mazai and hares *(materials: colored paper, cardboard, pen).

Lesson Objectives:

• Summarize and repeat with students the sections on creating products from wood and metals.
• Fix the rules of safe work in the workshop.
• Cultivate accuracy and care in work.

Lesson objectives:

• Develop technical thinking.
• Develop independence, purposefulness, diligence.
• Expand the horizons of students when summarizing the material covered.
• Encourage students to work in a team.

Lesson type: problem-developing.

Work form: group.

Teaching methods: problem presentation, partial search, knowledge control.

Interdisciplinary connections: mathematics, literature, natural history.

Registration- On the desk:

• Brain Ring poster
• poster with painted tree

The stages of the quiz are written out:

• Forest and industry
• Drawing - the language of technology
• Machines and mechanisms
• Metals in industry
• Hello, I need help.

DURING THE CLASSES

Organizing time

Checking students' readiness for the lesson. Mark absent.

Teacher. In 5th grade, you were introduced to wood and metal as widely used structural materials. In the 6th grade, we continued to get acquainted with these materials. And today at the lesson we will summarize the knowledge gained on the topics covered: 1. Technology for creating wood products 2. Technology for creating metal products.

Lead student:(approaches the tree on the blackboard) More than 100 different species of trees grow in the forests of our country. All tree species are divided into coniferous and deciduous. The texture of hardwood is more varied and more beautiful. Therefore, today in the lesson we will try to dress a tree by answering questions.

Teacher. To make it more interesting, we will be divided into two teams: green and yellow (4 people per team). In order to dress a tree, what do we need?

Student responses: Knowledge, intelligence, skills.

1 round: FOREST AND INDUSTRY.

1. What does the forest industry do? (It is divided into forestries and forestries. Leskhozes organize and carry out the necessary felling of the forest. Forestries are in charge of protecting and growing forests)
2. How is nature preserved during timber harvesting? (The age of the wood is 80 or 120 years. It is called ripe. New seedlings are planted)
3. The nature around us is protected by laws, list these laws. (Land. Water, Forest)
4. What are the main types of lumber. (Boards, bars)
5. What is called wood defects? (Deviations from its normal structure, appearance, as well as damage)

Leading:

Dressed in coarse aprons -
Who in the village do not ask -
Forever my great-grandfathers and grandfathers -
Carpenters were in Russia.

Not looking at them from childhood.
The sons took an ax in their hands.
Because the masters of uncle
It is still in the area to this day.

Will we ever forget
That by which the genealogy lived,
Kohl carried a grain of happiness to people
The breath of the saw and the turn of the drill.

Let the time come.
The age of electric saws is your time!
Electric saws were just born
From a simple saw and an ax ...

Teacher: What genre does this passage belong to? (Poem)
- What profession are we talking about? (A carpenter)
What instruments are mentioned in the passage?

You already know that for the manufacture of any product, you need to know its device, the shape and dimensions of the parts, the material from which they are made, how the parts are connected to each other. We learned all this information from the language of technology - the drawing.

Round 2: DRAWING - THE LANGUAGE OF TECHNOLOGY

1. What is shown on the assembly drawing? (Only those types by which the design of the product can be determined)
2. How should an assembly drawing be read? (First, they study the content of the main inscription, the name of the product, the scale of the image, the purpose and principle of operation of the product)
3. What is recorded in route map? (The sequence of work in the manufacture of the product)
4. What does the specification contain? (List of product features)
5. Why are models made? (To understand the design of the product and the principle of operation)

Teacher: The second round is over, I propose to play the game "The smartest one" with the fans. Team members can also participate. Each correct answer earns a token.

Leading:

1. Without pencil and paper, divide 30 by 1/2 and add 10. (70)
2. What object, contrary to the law of universal gravitation, the heavier it is, the easier it is with it? (Purse)
3. 5 lights were on, three lights turned off. How many light bulbs are left? (5)
4. How many ends do three sticks have? (6)
5. What wrench can not unscrew the nut? (Rodnikov)
6. Which wheel does not spin on the car? (Spare).

Teacher: The last question was about the car. We also studied the components of machines and a lathe for turning wood.

Round 3: MACHINES AND MECHANISMS

1. What is the engine used for in a car? (To convert energy into mechanical)
2. What are wood turning lathes for? (For the manufacture of wooden products having a cross-sectional shape of a circle)
3. What is done with the product before dyeing? (dry up)
4. What tools are used for turning on a lathe when processing wood? (Chisels, sanding pads)
5. How is paint applied to the product? (brush, roller)

Leading: In the Stone Age (5-6 thousand years BC), man used copper, gold, silver, meteoric iron to make jewelry and simple tools. Gradually, man began to smelt metal from ore, mastered the processes of smelting, hot forging and casting. The range of products expanded significantly, as it was possible to obtain a metal of a wide variety of properties.

Teacher: Let's start round 4.

Round 4: METALS IN INDUSTRY

1. What is an alloy? (Molten mixing of two or more metals)
2. What alloys are black? (Steel, cast iron).
3. For what purpose is a cut made with a trihedral file on the workpiece at the cutting point? (So ​​that the canvas does not slip on its surface)
4. Name the files according to the shape of the cross section? (Flat, semi-circular, square, trihedral, round, knife, rhombic)

Teacher: It must be remembered that a defective tool and violation of safe working methods can lead to an accident.

Round 5: HELLO NEED HELP

1. You cut your hand, what are your actions?
2. Violating safety precautions, Ivanov hurt his hand, how can I help him?
3. What should I do if the sleeve of the sweater gets into the flywheel while working on a lathe?
4. Shavings got into the eye. Your actions?
5. While working with a burner, student Petrov got distracted and burned his hand. First aid?

Teacher: Our quiz game has come to an end, we have repeated the sections on wood and metal processing. Once again, remember the rules of first aid. Let's summarize.

(Summing up - green, yellow)

- As they say "The work of the master is afraid", and mastery requires not only skills, but also the mind. The mind must be nourished, there is such a proverb among the people "Sugar is the food of the mind". Let's refresh our minds with sweets. (Awarding participants).

Used Books: textbook for students of the 6th grade of educational institutions (version for boys) Edited by VD Simonenko, Moscow Izd. Center "Ventana-Graf" 2008

To narrow the search results, you can refine the query by specifying the fields to search on. The list of fields is presented above. For example:

You can search across multiple fields at the same time:

logical operators

The default operator is AND.
Operator AND means that the document must match all the elements in the group:

research development

Operator OR means that the document must match one of the values ​​in the group:

study OR development

Operator NOT excludes documents containing given element:

study NOT development

Search type

When writing a query, you can specify the way in which the phrase will be searched. Four methods are supported: search based on morphology, without morphology, search for a prefix, search for a phrase.
By default, the search is based on morphology.
To search without morphology, it is enough to put the "dollar" sign before the words in the phrase:

$ study $ development

To search for a prefix, you need to put an asterisk after the query:

study *

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" research and development "

Search by synonyms

To include synonyms of a word in the search results, put a hash mark " # " before a word or before an expression in brackets.
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# study

grouping

Parentheses are used to group search phrases. This allows you to control the boolean logic of the request.
For example, you need to make a request: find documents whose author is Ivanov or Petrov, and the title contains the words research or development:

Approximate word search

For approximate search you need to put a tilde " ~ " at the end of a word in a phrase. For example:

bromine ~

The search will find words such as "bromine", "rum", "prom", etc.
You can optionally specify the maximum number of possible edits: 0, 1, or 2. For example:

bromine ~1

The default is 2 edits.

Proximity criterion

To search by proximity, you need to put a tilde " ~ " at the end of a phrase. For example, to find documents with the words research and development within 2 words, use the following query:

" research development "~2

Expression relevance

To change the relevance of individual expressions in the search, use the sign " ^ " at the end of an expression, and then indicate the level of relevance of this expression in relation to the others.
The higher the level, the more relevant the given expression.
For example, in this expression, the word "research" is four times more relevant than the word "development":

study ^4 development

By default, the level is 1. Valid values ​​are a positive real number.

Search within an interval

To specify the interval in which the value of some field should be, you should specify the boundary values ​​in brackets, separated by the operator TO.
A lexicographic sort will be performed.

Such a query will return results with the author starting from Ivanov and ending with Petrov, but Ivanov and Petrov will not be included in the result.
To include a value in an interval, use square brackets. Use curly braces to escape a value.