Elizabeth 2 causes interest not only by British subjects, but also many other people who are interested in history. Not so long ago, in the UK, a sapphire anniversary was noted, which marked the 65th anniversary of the rule of the queen. Elizabeth was crowned at the age of twenty seven, when the country was still recovered after World War II. Until now, Queen supports the authority of the British monarchy.

Childhood and family of the future Queen of Great Britain

Biography of the English Queen Elizabeth 2 (then the princesses) began on April 21, 1926. The baby was born in the Maifer district, in London, in the residence of Count Strathmore on Breuton Street with the help of cesarean sections. Now this area is rebuilt, and in the place of house number 17 on Breuton Street there is a Chinese restaurant, on the wall of which a memorable plate is installed. The event did not cause an excitement at the courtyard, because no one could think that the girl would take the royal throne over time.

First, the baby wanted to call Victoria. But the father of the princess, consulting with the ruling monarch, decided to call it Elizabeth Alexander Maria. Baby christenings took place in the chapel in the Buckingham Palace on May 29. Later, the chapel was destroyed during hostilities. Four years later, Sister Elizabeth Margaret was born.

At that time, Grandfather Elizabeth II Georg V. The cousin of the last Russian emperor Nicholas II ruled the country for more than two decades, although also did not prepare become the king. He was the third in the chain of the Preconsession. Elder brother George Albert Victor died during the flu epidemic, and his father, Edward VIII, the son of Queen Victoria, died in 1910

It was George V who renamed Saken Coburg-Goth's Royal House in the Windsor Dynasty. During World War I, he refused all personal and family-friendly German titles. Little Elizabeth loved her grandfather very much, although by nature he was a hard and harsh man, and in the upbringing, he often overtook a stick. The result was the stuttering of Prince Albert, the second son of the king, from which he did not get rid of the end of his life. But to the granddaughter King Putal the warmest feelings.

Georg V died after a long illness in 1936 aged 70 years. Only in 50 years it became known that Life Medic on own initiative Made Euthanasia when the king fell into anyone after severe bronchitis. The heir of the throne was considered his elder son Edward, and the father of Elizabeth, who eventually became the queen, was the second son of King Prince Albert. In the biography of Queen England Elizabeth 2, then there was no hint of the future as head of state.

After a sad event, the throne moved to Eduard, but he did not become the king. He renounced the throne at his own desire due to an unequal marriage with American Wallis Simpson. Prince Albert became King Georg Vi. He entered the story as a symbol of the struggle of the British Empire against Nazi Germany. The reign of the monarch was marked by the establishment of the position of the dominion and their relations with the UK. So, the monarch created the British Commonwealth and became the king of all the dominions.

Elizabeth II at the time of the beginning of the Board of the Father was 10 years old. The hear of the throne was announced by Henry's younger brother, because the king had no sons. But Henry refused such an honorary role in favor of Elizabeth. So the girl became the legitimate heiress of the British throne at such a young age. But if at that time she had a younger brother, then the throne would have inherited him.

Elizabeth received a wonderful home education. Teachers taught her manerams, humanitarian sciences, horseback riding and many other disciplines that have been necessary princesses. She studied religion, art, story, right. Many sources say that the girl stretched to knowledge and even learned French alone.

Elizabeth II during the Second World War

No years, a courageous and conscious girl appeared in the years of World War II to the residents of Great Britain. The biography of Elizabeth II began to resemble the history of the Member of the Monarch family. In 1940 at the age of 14, she spoke on the radio with the appeal to children who were injured during hostilities. And the first independent appearance of Elizabeth in public refers to 1943. Then the girl visited the regiment Guards Grenadiers.

At 18 years old, the girl became one of five advisers - a person who has the right to perform the monarch functions in the event of its incapacity or absence. In 1945, in the biography of the Queen of England Elizabeth 2 (then the Crown Princess) there were changes: she entered the self-defense detachment and along with other girls was trained as a driver of a sanitary car.

Girl received military rank Lieutenant. The biography of Elizabeth II during the war years was associated with the front. Military service of the girl lasted five months. She became the first woman from the British royal Familywhich served in the army. Future husband Elizabeth 2 Philipp, whose biography was associated with the fleet, in those years, also served on the front.

The longest marriage in the history of the monarchy

Since childhood, a girl wanted to marry a farmer, but her husband's biography of Elizabeth 2 was not associated with agriculture. The girl was distinguished by an iron character, so that parents' plans to issue it for a noble young man threatened. But in the end, the girl refused this idea, because her attention was attracted by a sailor. By the way, according to the royal family, it was a bad better than the farmer.

Cadet Philip did not imagine Elizabeth for the family, although distinguished by noble origin. The young man was the only son of the six children of King Greece George I, at birth was the title of Prince Danish and Greek. Philip is the great-grandfather of Queen Victoria and the last emperor Russian Empire Nicholas II. After the renunciation of the Greek king Konstantin, the family moved to France, and Little Philip sent to London to relatives.

Young people met on one of the family dinners. Then Elizabeth were only 13 years old, and the young prince is 18. The Biography of Elizabeth 2 (English Queen in the Future) began to change. The girl actively took part in secular events, because in the future she had to become a monarch. And the meeting with the prince marked the beginning of the history of the love of his life.

It is believed that during the war, when the young man wrote from the front, gentle and passionate letters of his beloved, his fatal father asked his arms of Elizabeth from George VI, but received a refusal. The family of the groom shook out, and during the war almost completely turned out to be on the side of the Nazis, because the sisters of Philip married the German officers.

During the war, other applicants for marriage with princess were set somewhere: someone married others decided to continue the search. Only Philip remained. It is said that Elizabeth itself made a proposal of the hand and heart Philip. Parents were not satisfied with this decision, but they had to consent to marriage.

Officially, the engagement was announced in the summer of 1947. The wedding was scheduled for November. Wedding took place in Westminster. The bridegroom was allowed to invite only the mother to the wedding, which for several years has been seriously ill. To the altar, the bride escaped his father. Elizabeth chose a satin wedding dress with a champagne color, which was embroidered with pearls and crystal. To create this outfit, court fashion designer needed several months.

After marriage, young spouses led an active social life. They often appeared in secular events. Elizabeth showed an iron character, and the romantic prince even fell in love with the singer Pat Kirkwood, but Philip was always devoted to his queen. Elizabeth did everything to stop rumors. Very soon she gave birth to the firstborn, and then the spouses left for the Philippines. There sent Philip on debt service.

Entry into the throne of Queen Elizabeth II

In early 1952, the royal couple went on a visit to the countries of the Commonwealth, but the trip was interrupted by the death of the king. He was diagnosed with lung cancer, but a man died from thrombosis. Newspapers reported that he was in the usual state of health on the eve of the evening.

Then Elizabeth, together with her husband, was on vacation in Kenya. The first news learned Philip. He became the first who kept kneeling and brought the king's oath. The queen then stayed in despair. The dispute was broken about the fact that the ruling home should now be the house of Mountbettenov, from where the Philip is happening, and not Windsor. But on the advice of Winston Churchill, the girl refused to take the surname of the spouse.

The biography of Elizabeth II has changed. Coronation took place in June 1953. The event was broadcast by central television in many countries of the world. The solemn ceremony collected thousands of people from TV screens and contributed to the popularization of television. This day must be changed by the destiny of the country. In the Buckingham Palace to Coronation was preparing a twenty-semiletry Elizabeth Windsor.

In the biography of Elizabeth II English on this day a new page began. It was expected that the girl would be crowned with a crown created for Queen Victoria. But she insisted on putting the traditional crown of St. Edward, weighing more than three kilograms. Her father and grandfather put on this crown only for several hours during the coronation, Elizabeth II turned out to be the first monarch of special, which did not shoot the sign of power throughout the ceremony.

The design of the coronation dress Elizabeth remained in secret for a long time. The outfit from the White Atlas, decorated with pearls, diamonds and amethysts, should have been particularly spectacular to look in the light of the spotlights. The skirt was the emblems of Great Britain and the Commonwealth countries.

With this detail almost emerged confuse. Royal tailor mistakenly painted Narcissus as the emblem of Wales. The officials insisted that the dress was leek (this is a real emblem). The tailor was made by leek, based on the traditions of military uniforms. The queen called the dress magnificent.

Rehearsal Elizabeth did not pass in vain. During the ceremony, she forgot to make only one revuranta, while at the entry into the throne of her father a lot of mistakes were committed. When the Queen moved to the exit from the abbey, it was closed by a plot. The BBC producer decided to make a close-up, although in advance media representatives warned that there should be no major plans.

Beginning of the Board of Elizabeth II: Actions and Events

To the biography of the Queen of England Elizabeth 2 (photo of coronation above) from this moment on the attention of all citizens of the United Kingdom. Elizabeth at the beginning of the board complained to Prime Minister Winston Churchill Titul "Sir" and went on a trip to the countries of the Commonwealth, the colonies of Great Britain and other states. She became the first monarch in Britain, who visited New Zealand and Australia.

The second half of the fifties is the beginning of the nineties

A brief biography of Elizabeth 2 usually includes a dry transition of events and a monarch actions in the post, but the most important facts are mentioned. In 1956, Elizabeth took Nikita Khrushchev and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in the Buckingham Palace. According to the results of the meeting, the leaders of the Soviet state handed the Konya horse with the decoration, the picture of Aivazovsky, Pellerina from Soboley, a casket with a portrait of the royal family. Prince Philip received a set of wines, Tula samovar, painting and box with a portrait of a spouse. Little Charles granted a horse with a decoration, a complex of illustrated children's books of Soviet authors and a set of candies. Princess Anna presented even a three-month bear.

In the same year Elizabeth met with Marilyn Monroe in the London Theater "Empire". In the fall, the Olympic Games were held, the opening ceremony led by the royal spouse. In 1957, Queen Elizabeth II had to choose the head of government. Harold Maxillan was appointed to the post, who was 63 at that time. In May of the same year, Queen took Eleonora Roosevelt, and in October, he made visits to Canada and the United States. AlsoSaveta II became the first monarch, which congratulated subjects with Merry Christmas on television.

In 1960, the second son of the couple was born, Prince Andrew. He became the first century for the last century, which appeared at the ruling monarch. Next year, the queen continued his active travel. She visited Nepal, Pakistan, Vatican, Ghana, Cyprus, India, Turkey, Iran and Italy.

At the same time, a new page began in the biography of Sisters Elizabeth 2, Margaret. The girl married the descendant of the Welsh nobleman. Margaret was repeatedly called the "rebellious princess". She often appeared in the society of rockers, visited London clubs and constantly twisted the novels. With the eighties, she had health problems, addiction to alcohol and smoking. Sister's biography of Elizabeth 2 Margaret tragically broke out in 2002. She died of stroke.

In the summer of 1961, the Queen took Chet Kennedy, and in 1962 - only Jacqueline, which went in a tour on behalf of her husband. In 1965, Kennedy's family members together with Elizabeth will open a number of memorable objects dedicated to John Kennedy's memory in the UK.

In the summer of 1961, Elizabeth met with the first cosmonaut in the world. In honor of Yuri Gagarin, there was a lunch, which was attended by the royal couple, their children, as well as the sister of Queen and Uncle Prince Philipp. In 1969, the first person was accepted in the Buckingham Palace, landed on the moon, the American Nile Armstrong.

In March 1964, the last child of Elizabeth II was born. Prince Edward will further refuse the traditional for boys who are born in the royal family, military career. He will receive a degree in humanitarian sciences and will work in companies involved in the theater.

In 1970, the biography of Queen England Elizabeth II was replenished with new diplomatic meetings and visits. She met with the President of America Richard Nixon and traveled through New Zealand and Australia. During the trip, a new practice of communicating with the subjects was introduced. Spouses walked through the streets and communicated with a huge number of people.

The following year, the Japanese emperor was accepted in the UK, and in the mid-1992, the spouse and their daughter Anna made a visit to Socialist Yugoslavia. There they met with the Tito Brooke. In September next year, the republic's spouse unofficially made a visit to the USSR. He met Leonid Brezhnev, Alexey Kosygin and Nikolai Podgorny. Philip arrived in Moscow as the President of the International Equestrian Federation.

In 1974, in the UK began to crisis crisis. This was required by the queen of interference. None of the political parties received most of the votes, but as a result of the Prime Minister was appointed Harold Wilson.

In 1975, Elizabeth became the first monarch of Great Britain, visiting Japan on an official visit, in two years she solemnly opened the Olympic Games, adopted President of America Jimmy Carter. In 1978, the Great Britain visited the leader of Socialist Romania and his wife Elena. In the 1980s, Elizabeth met with Pope Romans in the Vatican. In 1982, Dad personally visited the UK (for the first time in the last 450 years).

In 1986, Queen learned about civil War In the colony of Aden. At that moment she was on her yacht "Britain". Elizabeth II decided to enter the territorial waters and took on board more than a thousand evacuated.

Elizabeth Board II in the late 90s - beginning of the 2000s

By definition of the Queen itself, 1992 became the "terrible year." In the biography of the Queen of Great Britain, Elizabeth II then the other sorrowing pages appeared. Princess Anna was experiencing a divorce with his spouse, Prince Andrew and Charles also diverged with his beloved, but at that time it was still unofficial. In the same year, the Windsor Castle was very much suffered due to a fire, the financing of the courtyard declined, and the responsibility for the payment of income tax began on the queen.

In 1995, the queen visited Russia with an official visit, and on next year Accepted in the Buckingham Palace Bill Clinton and his spouse. At the same time, the princess of Diana and Prince Charles was officially announced. A year later, the princess was tragically died in a car accident. It became a shock for the ruling family and ordinary citizens.

Fiftieth anniversary of the residence of the queen on the throne

Solemn events about the fifty years of stay of Elizabeth on the throne were held in 2002. This is a golden anniversary. Unfortunately, in the same year, the sister of Elizabeth Princess Margaret died. The biography of the mother of Queen Elizabeth 2 was tragically interrupted in the same year. The Queen of Elizabeth Bowl Lyon died at 101 from a heavy cold. It was hard to experience all the England. The biography of Elizabeth 2 continued. In 2007, she became the first monarch of a special, celebrating a diamond wedding (sixty years of married life) and the oldest British monarch in history.

Diamond Anniversary Queen Elizabeth

The brilliant anniversary was celebrated in 2012 in the UK and the Commonwealth States. To date, the Queen rules sixteen states (twelve of them at the time of coronation Elizabeth were dominions). Elizabeth became the second British monarch, which celebrated this anniversary. The first was Queen Victoria. Many solemn events planned. Parliament as an anniversary gift invited the Queen to a meeting as an observer. This happened for the first time.

Role in political and public life

It seems that the biography of Queen England Elizabeth 2 (and the photo confirm this) - these are only techniques, visits and participation in secular events. Partly this is. Elizabeth performs exclusively executive functions and practically does not have a visible impact on state affairs. But during the entire period of the Board, it is quite strengthening the authority of the monarchy. Responsibilities of the Queen include visiting different countries with visits, meetings with high-ranking guests, reading annual messages to the ministers, dedication to knights, presenting awards and receiving ambassadors. Daily Elizabeth II views the news and personally responds to several random letters, which in huge quantities send subjects.

Family and the order of the inheritance of the throne

In summary, the biography of Queen England Elizabeth 2 was focused on maintaining the authority of the monarchy and performing executive functions. At the same time, she managed to give birth to two children, being on the throne. In total, Queen Elizabeth II and her spouse, Prince Philip, four children: Charles, Anna, Andrew, Edward. Queen has nine grandchildren and seven great-grandchildren. The first in the queue of inheritance is Charles, he follows his son, Prince William, his grandchildren (George, Charlotte, Louis).

Presents some interest Biography of the daughter Elizabeth 2. Princess Anna experienced a few attempts, she performs the responsibilities of a member of the Royal House of Britain. At the end of the school, the royal princess constantly organized a meeting, participated in the work of several funds assistance in need. Daughter Queen Elizabeth II more often than other members of the royal seven attended Russia. She officially represented its state at the Olympic Games in the Russian Federation.

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Of all the royal families living in modern world, British is the most popular. For the life of Elizabeth II, her children, grandchildren and great-grandchildren carefully follow the inhabitants of different parts of the planet. But even under such a closer look, some facts can elude.

website Collected the answers to the most interesting questions about the Windsor family.

10. How many members in the British royal family?

In the literal sense of this word to the royal family belong to 15 people.

Appropriate titles wear: Elizabeth II and her spouse Philip, their children (Charles, Anna, Andrew, Edward), their grandchildren (William, Harry, Beatrice, Eugene, James, Louise), great-grandfather (Prince George and Princess Charlotte), and also Queen's sister - Margaret.

In addition, another 15 people consist in direct relationship with the queen, although the titles do not worry and do not claim the throne. This is the duke, graphs, lords and ladies.

9. How is the queen day?

The queen rises at 7:30 in the morning. At this time she serves tea without sugar and Cookies of Mary varieties with milk. Since the gastronomic tastes of royal people are not widely advertised, it is definitely impossible to say exactly what kind of grade tea love Elizabeth: some sources claim that this is Earl Gray, others - that English Breakfast.

At 8:30 am Elizabeth, with his spouse, the Duke of Edinburgh, in the dining room overlooking the garden of the Buckingham Palace. On the table usually cornflakes, yogurt and toasts with maple syrup or marmalade. During breakfast, the Queen reads newspapers, most often it is Daily Telegraph and Racing POST.

After the morning meal, the queen holds briefings on various issues with their assistants. The mail that Elizabeth looks through personally is discussed, is about 200-300 letters per day. Until late in the evening, the Queen is busy with official meetings and events.

And even before bed, Elizabeth is exclusively engaged in the affairs of state importance: it reads all the documents with the main themes of the day that it is delivered to her daily in a special red box.

8. Favorite Decoration Elizabeth II

The pearl necklace of three threads almost always decorates the queen's neck is a business card of her style. When Elizabeth was 10 years old, she got such a necklace as a gift from her grandfather George V, and it became her beloved decoration.

Somewhat later Queen Mary, Grandma Elizabeth, gave her pearl earrings. To this day, they compose part of the image of a modern monarch in a set with a necklace.

7. Tradition of changing the name when climbing the throne

Since the ancient times, the monarchs of different countries took the tone name for the time of their stay, excellent what was given to them at birth. In Britain, this tradition was also supported. So, Queen Victoria before the coronation was a princess Alexandrina, and King Georg wore the name Albert. Elizabeth II preferred not to change the name, because it is only permissible, but not mandatory for the monarch.

Of course, many connoisseurs of traditions still recall the queen this choice. In 2002, on the eve of the 50th anniversary of the ascent of Elizabeth on the throne, several letters were sent to the Queen on behalf of the veterans of the Nationalist Scottish National Party. In letters it was discussed that it would be time for the Queen to take a throne name. But, as we see many years later, Elizabeth II is firm in its solution.

6. Conferences about titles

Elizavet is often called the queen of England, but it is incorrect. First, it is the monarch of the whole United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and England is just his part.

And secondly, the British monarch is subject to other countries: Australia, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Canada, New Zealand, Papua - New Guinea, Saint Vincent and Grenadines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint - Solia, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Jamaica. So Elizabeth II is the queen of 16 states.

No less misconceptions and about the princesses. Lady Di after her wedding with Prince Charles began to call the princess. However, she was not a princess for birth, therefore, for all the rules, her title had to sound like "Her Royal Highness Princess Charles Wales," no matter how strange it sounds.

As for the chosen of their eldest son William, Kate Middleton is also not a princess. She married the duke of Cambridgeshire county, and therefore her official title - Duchess Cambridge.

5. What do princes do in the free time from the royal business?

William worked for the last two years at East Aglian Air Ambulance. The work change of Prince lasted 9.5 hours, it is about 20 hours a week. The all salary of the Duke listed into a charitable medical service fund. March 27, 2017 Duke Cambridge left his post of ambulance pilot.

William's pilot career began in 2008, when the British Air Force Search and Rescue Service entered the ranks. There he worked down until 2014. Now, at the age of 35, being the second in turn on the throne, the Duke of Cambridge intends to completely devote himself to the royal home and the future of the British monarchy.

Prince Harry also made a good military career. He graduated from the Academy in Sandherst and, like his older brother, joined the cavalry regiment.

Prince Harry was twice in Afghanistan, once - as a pilot of a military helicopter. He was later awarded medal For participation in these combat actions.

He also took part in the anti-terrorist teachings of the Australian Armed Forces. When, for reasons of security, the prince was withdrawn from acting ArmyHe organized in Britain sports competitions for military personnel who were injured during hostilities.

4. What appeal to Elizabeth accepted by members of the royal family?

According to official, different family members have their privileges in addressing the queen. So, Spouse Elizabeth II calls her Lilibet. By this name, the future queen itself called themselves, when it was very small, and could not speak "Elizabeth".

The remaining adult family members are obliged to talk at the meeting "Your Majesty". Even the native son Charles must observe this formality before calling the queen of the informal word Mommy ("Mommy").

Less strict frames for gods. Prince George has its own appeal to Elizabeth II - Gan-Gan. So he utters the word "great-grandmother" (Great-Grandmother).

3. Queen - Example of Economics

Elizabeth II is very economical and serves as an excellent example in this for its subjects. So, it is known that it always turns off the light, leaving the room, and requires it from all the inhabitants of the palace. The Queen Wear the same dresses for a long time.

"I generally did not teach me to be a queen: my father died too early and it happened so unexpectedly - I had to immediately join in business and at the same time try not to hit the face in the dirt. I had to grow to the position I took. It was fate, she should have taken and not to rapid. I believe that continuity is very important. My job is for life. "
Elizabeth II, Queen of Great Britain

I wonder what it is - to celebrate your birthday now for more than 50 years twice a year? Queen Elizabeth II will be able to answer this question (Queen Elizabeth II), which was born on April 21, 1926 in London, and for many years the day of her birth is celebrated by all the United Kingdom not only on April 21, but also in the 3rd Saturday of June.

The title of her royal majesty in the United Kingdom is so: "Elizabeth Second, God's Grace of the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and other possessions and territories, head of the Commonwealth, defender of faith."

Queen Elizabeth The second rushed to the throne on February 6, 1952, after the death of his father, King George Sixth. Coronation took place on June 2, 1953 in Westminster Abbey. Elizabeth was only 25 years old when she became the queen, and for several decades it remains it.

Birthday every year is magnificently celebrated in Windsor Castle. He begins with walking around the city (if this action, of course, can be called that). The 21 charging salute, which sounds at noon, is defined.

Throughout his reign, the Queen has repeatedly been criticized not only by the British Republicans, but also various British media, as well as a simple public. Nevertheless, Elizabeth II was able to preserve the prestige of the British monarchy, and its popularity in the UK is at the height.

Royal

Elizabeth II (English ELIZABETH II), the full name - Elizabeth Alexander Maria (English. Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; April 21, 1926, London) - Queen of Great Britain from 1952 to the present.

Elizabeth II comes from the Windsor Dynasty. He climbed the throne on February 6, 1952 at the age of 25 after the death of his father King George VI.

It is the head of the British Commonwealth of Nations and, in addition to the UK, Queen 15 independent states: Australia, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Canada, New Zealand, Papua - New Guinea, Saint Vincent and Grenadines, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Jamaica. He is also the head of the Anglican Church and the Supreme Commander armed Forces UK.

Coat of arms in different period of time and in different countries

Coat of arms Princess Elizabeth (1944-1947)

Coat of arms Princess Elizabeth, Duchess of Edinburgh (1947-1952)

Royal coat of arms in the UK (except Scotland)

Royal coat of arms in Scotland

Royal coat of arms in Canada

The full title of Elizabeth II in the UK sounds like "Her Majesty Elizabeth II, God's grace of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and other kingdoms and territories of Queen, head of the Commonwealth, defender of faith."

During the reign of Elizabeth II in all countries recognizing the British monarch, the laws were adopted, according to which, in each of these countries, the British monarch acts as the head of this particular state, regardless of its titles itself in the UK or in third countries. Accordingly, in all these countries, the Queen title sounds the same way, with the replacement of the state name. In some countries, the words "defender of faith" are excluded from the title. For example, in Australia, the title sounds as follows: "Her Majesty of Elizabeth II, God's grace of Queen of Australia and other kingdoms and territories, head of the Commonwealth."

On the islands of Guernsey and Jersey, Elizabeth II, the title of Duke of Normandsky, on the island of Maine - the title "Lord Mane".

History

Elizabeth II - the oldest in the age of British (English) monarch in history. Currently, it ranks second in history in the duration of stay at the British throne (after Queen Victoria) and also second place in the world in the duration of stay as the head of state among the current heads of states (after the king of Thailand Phuumipon Aduwadta). It is also the most elderly in the world among women-operating heads of states, and in Europe - the oldest operating head of the state.

He is the oldest active monarch in the world from January 24, 2015, after the death of the King of Saudi Arabia Abdullah Ibn Abdul-Aziza Al Saud.

For the period of the Board of Elizabeth II, a very wide period of British history falls: the process of decolonization was completed, which was marked final decay British Empire and its transformation in the Commonwealth of Nations. This period also included many other events, such as a long-term ethnopolitical conflict in Northern Ireland, the Falkland War, War in Iraq and Afghanistan.

Queen Elizabeth II, 1970

Public perception

At the moment, most British are positively assessed by Elizabeth II, as a monarch (about 69% believe that without the monarchy the country would be worse; 60% believe that the monarchy contributes to raising the image of the country abroad and only 22% were against the monarchy).

Despite the positive attitude of the majority of their subjects, the queen for his reign has repeatedly criticized, in particular:

In 1963, when a political crisis arose in Britain, Elizabeth was criticized for the fact that Alexander Douglas-Huym's prime minister had been criticized.
In 1997, for the lack of an instant response to the death of Princess Diana, not only the anger of the British public, but even many large British media (for example, The Guardian) was collapsed.
In 2004, after Elizabeth II on the hunt, the cane scored a pheasant to death, a wave of indignation from environmental organizations on the actions of the monarch swept across the country.

Elizabeth II is the last representative of the so-called "old school" of monarchs: it strictly adheres to age-old traditions and ceremonies and never retreats from the rules of the head of the etiquette. Her Majesty never gives an interview and does not make statements in the press. She is in sight of everyone, but at the same time is the most closed celebrity on the planet.

Childhood

Princess Elizabeth Alexander Maria was born in the London district of Maifer in the residence of Count Strathmore on Breuton Street, house number 17. Now the area is rebuilt, and the house no longer exists, but this place has a memorial plaque. He received his name in honor of Mother (Elizabeth), grandmothers (Maria) and great-grandmothers (Alexander).

Senior daughter Prince Albert, Duke York (future king George VI, 1895-1952) and Lady Elizabeth Bose-Lyon (1900-2002). Her grandfathers and grandmothers: by Father - King Georg V (1865-1936) and Queen Maria, Princess Tekskaya (1867-1953); According to Mother - Claude George Bose-Lyon, Count Strathmore (1855-1944) and Cecilia Nina Bose Lyon (1883-1938).

At the same time, the father insisted that the first name of his daughter was like a duchess. At first, the girl wanted to give the name Victoria, but then changed his mind. Georg V noticed: "Bertie discussed the girl's name with me. He called the three name: Elizabeth, Alexander and Maria. The names are all good, I so said, and I absolutely agree with him about Victoria. It was unnecessary. " The christening Princess Elizabeth took place on May 25 in the chapel of the Buckingham Palace, later destroyed during the war years.

Queen Elizabeth II, 1930

In 1930, the only sister of Elizabeth - Princess Margaret was born.

The future queen received a good home education, mainly humanitarian. She loved horses and horse riding since childhood. As well as from childhood, unlike his more obsolete sister Margaret, possessed truly royal character. In the book-biographies of Elizabeth II, Sarah Bradford is mentioned that the future queen since childhood was a very serious child, who already had a certain understanding of those responsibilities that were legally on her, as the heir of the throne, and a sense of duty. Elizabeth loved his order since childhood, so she, for example, Look to bed, always put slippers near the bed, never allowing himself to scatter things in the room, as inherent in many children. And already being a queen, she always watched unnecessary light in the palace, manually turning the lighting in empty rooms.

Queen Elizabeth II, 1926

Photo 1929, Elizabeth here 3 years

Princess Elizabeth in 1933

King George VI and (1895-1952) and Elizabeth Angela, Duchess York (1900-2002), with a daughter, the future queen - Princess Elizaveta, 1929

Queen with daughters, October 1942

Princess at war

The Second World War began when Elizabeth was 13 years old. October 13, 1940, she first spoke on the radio - with the appeal to children affected by the disasters of war. In 1943, her first independent appearance was held in the public - a visit to the regiment of the Guards Grenadiers. In 1944, it became one of the five "state advisers" (persons with the right to perform the functions of the king in the event of its absence or incapacity). In February 1945 Elizabeth joined the "supporting territorial service" - the female devils of self-defense - and was trained as a mechanic-driver of a sanitary car, having received the military rank of lieutenant. Her military service lasted five months, which gives grounds to consider it the last not yet retired by the participant of World War II (the Pope Benedict XVI was the penultimate, which served as a Zenitichik in the German armed forces).

Princess Elizabeth (left, in military form) On the balcony of the Buckingham Palace (from left to right), her mother Queen Elizabeth, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, King Georg VI and Princess Margaret, May 8, 1945

Wedding

On November 20, 1947, Elizabeth married his distant relative, as she, as she, the great director of Queen Victoria, Prince Philip Mountbetten, the son of the Greek Prince Andrei, who then was an officer of the British Fleet. She met him at the age of 13, when Philip was still a cadet of the Dortmouth Naval School. His spouse becoming her husband, Philip received the title of Duke of Edinburgh.

In November 2007, the Queen and her spouse Duke Edinburgh celebrated the "Diamond Wedding" - the sixtieth anniversary of living together. For the sake of such a case, the Queen allowed himself a small liberty - for one day they retired with his spouse for romantic memories in Malta, where Prince Philip served, and the young princess Elizabeth visited him.

Four children were born in their family: the heir to the throne - the eldest son Charles Philip Arthur Georg, Prince Wales (1948); Princess Anna Elizabeth Alice Louise (1950); Prince Andrew Albert Christian Edward, Duke Yorki (1960), Edward Anthony Richard Louis, Count Wessec (1964).

December 29, 2010 Elizabeth II first became a great-grandmother. On this day, her senior grandson - the Senior Son of the Princess Anna Peter Phillips - and his wives of Canada Otam Kelly was born daughter. The girl has become the 12th in the British Treasury of the Prestaging.

With a newborn prince Charles, December 1948

Coronation and principle

King Georg VI, Father Elizabeth, died on February 6, 1952. Elizabeth, at that time, together with her husband on vacation in Kenya, was proclaimed Queen of Great Britain.

The Coronation Ceremony Elizabeth II was held in Westminster Abbey on June 2, 1953. It was the first coronation of the British monarch broadcasting on television, and, as it is believed, this event has noticeably contributed to the growth of television broadcast.

After that, in 1953-1954. The queen committed a six-month tour of the Commonwealth States, British colonies and other countries of the world. Elizabeth II became the first monarch who visited Australia and New Zealand.

Elizabeth II after coronation in 1953

Queen with its six frames
From left to right:
Lady Moyra Hamilton (now Lady Moyra Campbell), Lady Ann Cox (now Honored Lady Glenconner), Lady Rosemary Spencer Churchill (now Lady Rosemary Muir), Lady Mary Bailey Hamilton (now Lady Mary Russell), Lady Jane Heathcote-Drummond Willoughby (now Baroness de Willoughby de Eresby), Lady Jane Wang Tepest Stuart (now Honorable Lady Rayne)

Young Queen Elizabeth II

Queen began its own political activitieswhich included the opening of the Parliament and the reception of prime ministers. In the fifties of the twentieth century, Elizabeth II and Prince Philip made many visits on the territory of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth countries.

In the sixties, the English queen committed his historic visit to West Berlin in full swing Cold WarAlso invited the Japanese emperor Hirokhito on an official visit to Britain. Despite the troubled social and political situation, she celebrated her silver anniversary in 1977. Celebrations succeeded, thousands of people celebrated the anniversary of Elizabeth II across the country.

Mature years of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II

Five years later, the United Kingdom participated in hostilities against the Falkland Islands, during which Prince Andrew performed duties in the Royal Navy as a pilot of the helicopter. In the eighties of the twentieth century, the first grandchildren of the Queen - Peter and Zara Phillips, the Son and the daughter of Anna, the Royal Princess and Captain Mark Phillips were born.

In 1992, a catastrophe occurred, as a result of which the fire destroyed part of the Windsor Castle. In the same year, the marriages of Prince Charles, Prince Andrew and Princess Anna were dissolved. The queen called 1992 "Terrible Year." In 1996, the marriage of Prince Charles and Princess Diana was terminated. The tragedy followed in 1997, when Diana died in a car accident.

2002 became sad for the English Queen Elizabeth II, because her sister of Princess Margaret died.

Queen Elizabeth II Board

During the reign of the British Queen Elizabeth II in the UK, many changes were made. The Queen successfully fulfills its political duties of the head of state, the head of the Commonwealth of Nations, ceremonial duties, as well as responsibilities for visits within the UK and beyond.

Elizabeth II introduced many reforms to the monarchy. In 1992, she proposed to introduce income taxes and income from capital gains. She opened the official monarch of residences for the people, including the Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle, in order to finance the content of the royal family.

She supported the abolition of male birthright and the union, which means that now the elder child can inherit the throne, regardless of gender.

In 2012, the English Queen celebrated the sixtieth anniversary of the reign, the celebrations were held throughout the country, which once again demonstrated the love of the British.

English Queen Elizabeth II

The style of the English Queen can be conditionally undressed for two periods: the style of a young queen - the style is conservative and elegant, and the style of an elderly queen, I would call him the style of "cheerful grandmother" or even a "rainbow style", because the incredible number of changing colors in its costumes and hats . However, the English Queen loved always.

Throughout the main elements of the wardrobe of Queen Elizabeth II were: dresses or costumes of medium length, necessarily covering the knee, coats and raincoats of cutting a trapezium, plus dresses in the floor length for solemn events, as well as hats, always in a tone, gloves, closed shoes , brooch on the jacket and the thread of pearls. The British Queen also always preferred short haircuts. Favorite colors - pink, lilac and indigo.

Queen Elizabeth II arrives at the Odeon Cinema cinema, October 31, 1955. (Photo: Monti Fresco / Getty Images)

Queen Elizabeth II becomes after the death of his father in February 1952, and its coronation took place on June 2, 1952. At that time, in the 1940s and the 1950s, the dresses for the princess, and then the Queen Shil Norman Hartnell. And Elizabeth has repeatedly appeared in public in dresses with lush skirts made from Atlas-Dushes or Shelka. The design of its wedding dresses of the ivory and decorated with silver threads also belongs to normal Hartnell, however, like the design of the coronation dresses.

From the mid-1950s and for the 60s for the Queen sew Hardy Emis. It is he who brings the feeling of simplicity in the outfits of the queen, but this simplicity is only external, because it is hidden a very complex cut. He sewed his first dresses for the queen back in 1948, when Elizabeth asked him to create a wardrobe for a trip to Canada.

From the 1970s for Queen, Yang Thomas, in the past, an assistant Norman Hartnell, and now the owner of his own salon. His distinctive feature of the Queen's wardrobe flying chiffon dresses. After his death and up to the end of the 1980s for Queen Elizabeth Sila Maureen Rose from the designer house Jan Thomas.

Since the late 1980s and until the mid-1990s, the wardrobe of the British Queen is replenished with dresses from John Anderson, because after his death, Karl Ludwig cutting his partner is becoming a court designer of the Queen.

Since 2000, Elizabeth II sews the youngest, in age, from the court designers of Her Majesty Stewart Parvin, graduate of the Edinburgh College of Arts. In 2002, his assistant becomes Angela Kelly.

English Queen is 86 years old. But she still steadily fulfills all responsibilities and appears on her and appears in public, always following its style.

Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philipp, Duke Edinburgh, along with his children, Prince Andrew (center), Princess Anna (left) and Charles, Prince Wales near the castle Balmoal in Scotland. Queen Victoria's husband acquired Balmoral Castle in 1846. Queen Victoria often visited Scotland with her family, especially after his husband's death in 1861, and still Balmoal is a favorite holiday destination for the royal family. (Photo Keystone / Getty Images). September 9, 1960.

Hobby

Among the interests of the queen - breeding dogs (among them Cords, spaniels and Labradors), photography, horse riding, as well as travel. Elizabeth II, supporting his prestige of the community of the Commonwealth, very actively travels in their possessions, and also happens in other countries of the world (for example, in 1994 she visited Russia). In her account, more than 325 foreign visits (during his reign of Elizabeth, more than 130 countries visited). Since 2009, he began to engage in gardening. In addition to English, it also fluent in French

Interesting Facts

Elizabeth II does not allow an interview. Nevertheless, in the press periodically flashes interesting Facts About this outstanding woman who allow you to look at the most famous reigning personality from the unexpected side, we chose the most bright, in our opinion, moments.

The celebration of the Royal Birthday in 1981 was overshadowed by an unpleasant event: near the horse, on which Elizabeth sacked, taking the parade, thundered shots, forced to flinch everyone around. The queen, to the entrance of the public, did not even lend an eyebrow and managed to stay in the saddle.

Self-composure was useful for her and a year later, when he waited for the police for a few minutes she had to talk to a madman, who managed to get into the chambers.

In 1945, Elizabeth Alexander Maria Windsor, the future Queen of England, served as a mechanic in the reserve battalion of the British army in the rank of Junior officer. It is obvious that the example of the "combat" grandmother inspired and the young princes of William and Harry, who also did not see from military service.

Family values \u200b\u200bfor Elizabeth second is not an empty sound. For the sake of happiness, she stepped through the tough rules and blessed the second marriage of the prince of Wales Charles with a secular lionee Camille Parker Bowl, despite the hype on this.

On April 17, 2013, the Queen was present at the funeral of the British policy for the second time in the entire history of his reign: she said goodbye to Margaret Thatcher.

Despite the solid image, the queen is not alien to female coquetry and little weaknesses. Parapazzi proners have not caught the moment when it is in secular events, without embarrassing the crowds and its high position, publicly corrected makeup. Etiquette with etiquette, and what the real queen should look gorgeous!

The passion of the queen are horses and dogs of the breed of Cuga. In the youth of Elizabeth, he knew perfectly riding, now more attention is paid to charming red dogs, which thanks to her became one of the symbols of the British monarchy.

Elizabeth II by age is the oldest English monarch in history and ranks second in the duration of stay on the Tregon of Great Britain. It is also the most elderly among women - existing heads of various states.

In honor of Elizabeth II, Rosa Rose variety Rosa "Queen Elizabeth" was named.

Films about Elizabeth II

In 2004, Churchill was released: The Hollywood Years - "Churchill goes to war!", Where Elizabeth's role was performed by Niv Campbell.

In 2006, the biographical film "Queen" came out. The role of Queen played actress Helen Mirren. The film is a laureate of the BAFTA Award in the "Best Film" category. Actress Helen Mirren, who performed the main role in the picture, was awarded the Oscar awards, the Golden Globe, BAFTA, as well as the Velpi Cup at the Venetian Film Festival for the best female role. In addition, the film was nominated for the Oscar Award as the "best film".

In 2009, the 4th channel of British television (Channel 4) was filmed by the Queen ("The Queen", Directors Edmund Coulthard, Patrick Rims). Queen B. different periods She played 5 actresses: Emilia Fox, Samantha Bond, Susan Jameson, Barbara Flynn, Diana Kuep.

On July 27, 2012, the television broadcast of the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in London began a video involving James Bond (Daniel Craig) and Queen (Kameo). At the end of the roller, they both jump with parachutes from a helicopter over the Olympic Stadium arena. On April 5, 2013, the BAFTA Award was presented for this role, for the best execution of the role of James Bond.

In architecture

In honor of the queen, the Alley of Queen Elizabeth in Esplanade Park in Singapore is named.
The famous Big Ben, the symbol of London, since September 2012 is officially called the "Elizabeth Tower".
In honor of Queen is also named Bridge in Daford, built in 1991.
On August 1, 2013, Olympic Park Elizabeth II was opened in London.

Printermed monuments

Elizabeth II is one of the most influential women in the world, the head of the Windsor Dynasty, more than 65 years is the Queen of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A flexible politician who knows how to defend its opinion, it is a symbol of his country and enjoys special popularity and love of the people.

Childhood and family

Elizabeth II - the eldest daughter of Prince Albert, born on April 21, 1926 in the Maiferian mansion on Breuton Street during the reign of George V who had to her grandfather. The full name of the monarch of Operations - Elizabeth Alexander Maria, the name girl received in honor of the mother, Elizabeth Bowl Lyon.

In 1936, after two decades of the Board, King Georg, very loved his granddaughter, died. The throne moved to Eduard VIII. In the name of love for beautiful Wallis Simpson, a divorced American, he renounced the throne. The history of Edward and Miss Simpson is considered one of the greatest love stories of the 20th century, and it was she who led to the British throne of Father Elizabeth, who was crowned in May 1937 as George VI.

The next contender for the throne was considered the brother of George VI Henry, but he refused the role of the heir to the throne in favor of Princess Elizabeth, who was almost 11 years old at that time.

As the princess, Elizabeth studied humanitarian and accurate sciences, but paid special attention to the right, including international, and received a decent education, without leaving the palace. The pride of the princess was excellent knowledge frenchShe studied independently.

In 1940, Princess Elizabeth first spoke on the radio: a thirteen-year-old girl from the Buckingham Palace supported children affected by Nazi bombing. Sincere words of Princess Elizabeth instilled hope to the British people, and she won sympathy even among the most critical citizens in relation to the crown.

In 1943, Princess officially joined the position of advisor. Contrary to popular belief, Elizabeth did not pass military service, However, it consisted in the female self-defense squad, learned to drive a sanitary car, thereby showing an example for women of Britain.

In 1947, in his birthday, Elizabeth again spoke again on the radio, assuring the British people, that her whole life would be devoted to Britain. In the same year its marriage with Philip, Prince Danish, took place.

Gradually, the worsening health of the father and unfavorable predictions of doctors demanded the almost constant presence of a future queen during official receptions, meetings and negotiations. By the beginning of 1951, doubt that the score goes for months, no one had left, and the unofficially Elizabeth began to fulfill the duties of the monarch.

Coronation

The news of the death of George Vi overtook the princess in Kenya, where, together with his spouse, she spent several days at the Tree Tops Hotel, located among the branches of a huge century tree. According to some data, on February 7, 1952, a record that for the first time in the history of the civilization of the princess came to a tree for the first time in the history of civilization, but the queen went down from him.

The coronation of a young queen took place on June 2, 1953 in the ancient Cathedral of Westminster Abbey. The ceremony was broadcast on national British television, which contributed to the growth of the popularity of the new monarch. Millions of the British literally frozen from televisions, trying not to miss the slightest details of the spectacular and beautiful event in Britain's history.

Despite the fact that in the post-war years, the economy only began a long period of recovery, from the treasury a huge amount of the festive decoration of the streets was allocated. A dress made of snow-white atlas for the coronation ceremony sewed the court tailor Norman Hartnell, it was expanded by the national emblems of Britain and the Commonwealth countries - English roses, Canadian maple leaves and Irish clover, as well as other colors having a symbolic value for Britain.

In the Golden Outdoor Cart, the Queen, along with his spouse, proceeded to Westminster Abbey, where the solemn wedding service was held for the kingdom.

Governing body

In strict accordance with the existing tradition of the parliamentary monarchy, the Queen performs functions that are exclusively representative in nature and has no right to influence the management of the country. After the coronation of Elizabeth II, he made a six-month tour of the British colonies, the countries of the Commonwealth and many countries of the world.

In the spring of 1956, Queen adopted Nikita Khrushcheva, who served as the first secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU of the USSR, who arrived in Britain with the Chairman of the Council of Ministers by Nikolai Bulganin. The first persons of the Soviet state presented memorable gifts to Elizabeth and family members, among whom was a brooch with a sampfire "Royal Blue", surrounded by diamonds, as well as the painting of Ivana Aivazovsky and Sobolina Pelterina.

During his reign, the queen met with politicians, major entrepreneurs, scientists and cultural figures. Among the celebrities awarded to honor in different years to visit the Buckingham Palace were Elizabeth Taylor, Yuri Gagarin and The Beatles, as well as the presidents of different states.

In 1994, Elizabeth visited Moscow and St. Petersburg, and in 2003 he set up a reception in honor of Vladimir Putin's president.

Fearing that the reputation of the British royal house will suffer from rumors, which is around the unfortunate marriage of the son of Elizabeth Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer, and also taking care of the happiness of his son, the queen insisted on a divorce, the procedure of which was started in 1996. Some of the British Society did not approve the deed of the Queen, but later the British were forced to recognize her right.

Elizabeth II were repeatedly called in the media Queen Human Hearts. Humanity and kindness of this woman, who remains faithful to his oath, which she said in a distant in 1953, is the key to its popularity among the people.

Personal life Elizabeth II

In his youth Prince Philip, the grandson of King Greece, the high slender blond, was distinguished by amazing beauty. In the tea party in Dartmur in 1937, the young man did not immediately notice a thirteen-year-old girl who did not distinguish enthusiastic eyes from him. After the end of the reception, this girl, Princess Elizabeth, locked in her room and wrote a letter to a beautiful prince.

The friendship started from correspondence turned into love. King George did not approve the choice of her daughter: it is known that he did not like the friendship of Father Philip, Greek Prince Andrei with Adolf Hitler. In addition, the prince was poor, and besides the title, blue blood and tender love for Elizabeth, he had nothing.

In early 1940, Elizabeth and Philip had collapsed secretly, and the king had to give up and resolve the marriage that was destined to become one of the happiest and most long marriages in modern history. Queen's relationship Elizabeth and Duke Philip are considered reference, but few people think that the sake of their Queen Philip has refused the royal title and replaced the Orthodox faith in which he was baptized, on Catholicism.

In 1948, Elizabeth gave birth to the firstborn, Prince Charles. The second child became Princess Anna, born after 2 years. The third child of the royal family, Prince Andrew, was born in 1960, and the fourth, Prince Edward, in 1964.

From youth, the main Hobbies of the Queen - horse riding and breeding of dogs, especially love it nourishes the breed of Corgi, which is considered the royal dog throughout Europe.

Queen Elizabeth II now

In 2018, the Queen was 92 years old, 65 of whom was a monarch. In the media regularly appear headers about the shamelessness of the Queen's health, in 2017 she first missed the Christmas service, referring to a cold.

As the head of the Windsor Dynasty, the Queen remembers the sad events associated with the marriage of Prince Charles in an unloved girl, and, according to her, carrying personal responsibility for the well-being of his family members. That is why she did not give the permission to the wedding of Prince Harry Ivar Mountbetten and James Koyl

Despite age, Elizabeth continues to fulfill his duties and represent the interests of Britain in different countries World. Defending the right to personal opinion, in 2017, she openly condemned the inappropriate behavior of Mr. Trump, as well as the militant policy of Kim Jong Yana, and in 2018 he expressed the hope that the time would raind the time when Russia would defy Mr. Putin, and another person who did not lose relationship with reality .

How it is enshrined in the traditions of the constitutional monarchy, the queen should not interfere with politics, however, the authority of Elizabeth II and its for a long time of the Board made it possible to affect the course of events. Queen Elizabeth II is the most influential woman in the world, but as many researchers say, have never used their influence for personal purposes.

Her Majesty of Queen of England Elizabeth II was born on April 21, 1926 in London. The appearance of a charming baby did not cause an excitement at the courtyard. No one could come to anyone that this young creature will take the royal throne over time. At that time, Grandfather Elizabeth Georg V. The Sen Son Edward was considered the heir to the throne. The girl's father was Prince Albert - the second son of the king. He even did not allow thoughts that he would become a crowded special. Everyone thought that the eldest son would soon marry, herself will be herself and after the death of the Father, the royal duties will arise.

Lilibet, so in childhood everyone called Elizabeth, very much loved grandfather, and he paid her response to her, although by nature was a man very harsh and harsh. To her sons, the king did not experience any good feelings. He brought up them in Spartan style and often overtakes stick. The result of such education was the stutter of the girl's father, from which he did not get rid of the end of his life.

But to the small creature of female Georg V Putal the most tender feelings. He didn't just love his granddaughter, but he adored what he proved to others, that even a bright corner, capable of sincere and clean love, always exists in a cruel and frail soul.

Georg V left the mortal world on January 20, 1936 at the age of 70. He reigned for 24 years and has established himself to a wise politician who wore about the good of the nation.

King Georg VI, his wife Elizabeth and their daughters:
Elizabeth (Right) and Margaret

The throne rightfully moved to Eduard. He became Eduard VIII, but never was crowned. The man was unable to impose on his shoulders a heavy burden of the monarch. He was confused with twice the dusted lady named Wallis Simpson (1896-1986). In 1916, he married a military pilot, but he began to beat it, and in 1927, Wallace ran away from him.

She moved to London and "picked up" a businessman named Ernst Simpson. For him she married in 1928. In 1931, Wallace at a party from close friends became acquainted with the heir of the throne. But this couple began a love connection only in 1934. The feeling was so strong that Simpson divorced her husband. Eduard answered no less strong love. In order not to part with Wallace, he ran away from the throne.

All these heartfers throwing an unsightly shadow on representatives of the Windsor Dynasty, led to the English throne of the father of Elizabeth Albert Frederica. He crushed on May 12, 1937 under the name George VI.

The new king has no sons. Therefore, the hear of Henry was announced the heir to the throne. But that flatly refused such an honorary role in favor of Elizabeth. Thus, at 11 years old, our heroine has become the legitimate heiress of the royal throne of one of the most powerful countries of the world.

During World War II, the future queen of England worked as a simple driver on a sanitary car

In 1939, the Second World War began. Girls at that time were 13 years old. In 1940, on October 13, she spoke on the radio with the appeal to children suffered during the German bombing. And at the age of 18 received the rights of the mechanic-driver of the sanitary car. Until the last days of war, the future queen of England twisted the ram, translated sick and wounded soldiers.

Being a very young girl, Elizabeth fell in love once and for the rest of his life. With his future, she met her in front of the war in the Royal Naval School. The king along with both daughters (younger daughter Margaret) arrived in him to chat with cadets.

It is in the walls of this institution, the heiress of the English throne and saw the Greek Prince Philip. He was listed by one of the cadets, and in the age was elderly Elizabeth for 5 years. Young people talked just a couple of hours, but this time was enough for Elizabeth to love the young man seriously and for a long time.

Prince Philip had the most that neither there is a brilliant pedigree. He accounted for grandson Greek and great danish king, as well as the right to the Russian Emperor Nicholas I. But after the revolution in Greece, the prince had nothing but the title. His mother finished her days in a psychiatric hospital, and his father fell ill with godmadia. England sheltered a poor child and arranged him in the Royal Naval School, so that the boy receive a decent profession and was able to earn the urgent bread.

From the above, it can be seen that Philip was not a pair of Elizabeth. At least the royal yard thought so. But the girl showed astounding perseverance and perseverance. She wrote the whole war with a young letter officer, while he bravely fought on the destroyer.

Wedding Elizabeth and Prince Philip

Immediately after the end of hostilities, the heir to the throne suggested that the Greek Prince will be engaged, asking for all existing norms and conventions. On November 20, 1947, a wedding took place in Westminster Abbey.

Time was heavy, post-war. Elizabeth had to sell some jewels to sew a wedding dress. For a wedding cake sent products from Australia. The cake turned out to be luxurious, 3 meter. He did not cut the knives, and cut the sabers. Guests went through a small piece. Everything else was sent to schools and hospitals.

At the end of January 1952, a young happy couple went to rest in Kenya. Spouses lived at the hotel "Tree Tops". He was located among the branches of a huge ficus. On February 7, a record appeared in the registration book: "For the first time, in the entire history of the human civilization, the princess rose to the tree, and the queen came down from him."

The cause of the record was the death of George VI. He died on the night from 5 to February 6. Elizabeth automatically became the queen of England. In many countries of the world, headlines scored by large font appeared on the first strips of newspapers: "The king died, long live Queen."

Queen of England Elizabeth II bypass the system of honor guard after joining the throne

Coronation of the Queen of England Elizabeth II was held in Westminster Abbey (the traditional place of coronation of the UK monarchs) on June 2, 1953, that is, a year and 5 months after the death of George VI. But the official day of the Edema on the throne is considered to be February 6, 1952.

The husband was not crowded. He first swore at the loyalty to his queen and was forced to leave the fleet. Now his presence was necessary at all official ceremonies of the Royal Court.

Private life with Philip did not turn out to be a fairy tale. According to youth, the husband often allowed various non-correctic and fairly tactless statements. So in New Guinea, he asked for a passerby: "Listen, the milestone, how could you still eat here?"

In China, he noticed with a careless tone, referring to the English tourist: "Look, do not stay here for a long time, otherwise your eyes will narrow." In Paraguay at a meeting with a bloody dictator with a stressner, Philip said: "It is surprisingly nice to be in a country that is not managed by the people."

At the courtyard, gossip about the love call of Prince Philip with the cousin of Elizabeth. They talked about extramarital children from various women. The queen of England did everything to stop such rumors. Over the years, the prince calmed down. They began to give themselves to know age and health.

Queen of England Elizabeth II and the routine of her day

All days at the Queen of England are similar to each other as twins. Will be Her Majesty exactly at 8 am. Such an important thing is entrusted to the maid. She contributes to the royal tray with tea. In this case, the cup handle is always directed to the right, the spoon on the saucer lies strictly diagonally.

Putting a tray, the maid spreads the curtains. Sunlight penetrates the bedroom, and gentle rays relate to the face of the vengeous person. At the same time, the royal dogs who came with a walk joyfully run into the bedroom. These are Corgi. Four them: Linnet, Willow, Holly and Monty.

Queen of England Elizabeth II with loved dogs

The queen drinks morning tea, communicates with dogs, and at this time the Kamertka fills the bath. Her Majesty takes water procedures, and at 9 o'clock leaves the bedroom and goes to the dining room. Here, the Queen of England Elizabeth II has breakfast.

Morning welcome is very modest. Toast, smeared by oil and the finest layer of marmalade, and a cup of tea. During breakfast, the vengeial feature looks at the newspaper. This is "Times", "Daily Telegraph", "Dale Mail", "Sporting Life". In the last newspaper, she watches the section dedicated to the jumps. Her Majesty adores this sport. It is perfectly disassembled in horses and herself owns several magnificent horses.

At 10 o'clock at the Queen of England, the working day begins. She sits in the office and browsing letters that come to her from all over the world. Information in letters is the most different. Someone asks for help, someone asks the recipes of original dishes, which were served to the royal table at the last official banquet.

Then there comes a stage of state papers requiring royal signature. This is a compulsory formality, although the Cabinet of Ministers Queen's opinion never asks. Elizabeth II can express his point of view on some question, but it will not have a decisive value.

From 11 o'clock Her Majesty takes officials. These are diplomats, judges, ministers. Each of them, going, becomes one knee and takes the right hand of the Queen. It concerns her lips and after that falls on his feet. Such a ceremony continues at least 2 hours. All this time, the queen is worth it. She has no opportunity to sit down and relax.

At the end of such a physically serious event, dinner time comes. The Queen of England Elizabeth II is sandwiches with salmon, cucumbers or chicken. Food remnants are used the next day. They can go to casserole or pie. Dogs oversized products are never given.

After lunch, a small rest and the official reception. Dinner begins at 20 o'clock 15 minutes. At the table is going to the whole family. In England, evening food is always dense. Very rarely, Majesty dines alone. This is when all members of the royal family leave for business trips.

After dinner, the queen watching television shows, and closer to midnight goes to bed. Such a measured life of Elizabeth II lives without a small 60 years.

Skandals in the Royal Family

Queen of England Elizabeth II has four children. This is Prince Charles (Rod. 1948), Prince Andrew (born 1960), Princess Anna (born 1950), Prince Edward (born 1964). The rapidation of children was mainly a father, since the queen has always had many important public affairs.

Family Elizabeth II, 1972
From left to right Anna, Charles, Eduard, Andrew, Elizabeth, Philip

The greatest hassle delivered the eldest son Charles. In 1970, he inhabitantly fell in love with the lady named Camilla. The maiden was noble blood, but despised the conventions of the highest light. She felt, smoked, drank whiskey and changed lovers from time to time. All this was considered the top of indecency. But poor Charles, having a soft and romantic nature, fell under the influence of this cynical, volitional and arrogance.

The poor fellow did even the proposal of the hand and heart, but received a turn from the gate. Camilla married an officer Andrew Parker Bowles. But after 6 years of family life with respect to spouses, there was a disorder. Camilla began to favorably take the courting of Charles. It did not slip away from the attention of the royal court.

Elizabeth II in the center, left sister Margaret, right Queen-mother

The queen with her husband, seeing that their son brazenly and shaken fuck, began to urgently look for him his wife. Very by the way, Diana Spencer was turned up (1961-1997). Girl of noble blood and with beautiful pedigree. She was a virgin, which was mandatory condition For the bride of the heir to the throne. The wedding was played on July 29, 1981. In 1982 and 1984, Princess Diana gave birth to two sons.

Marriage for Charles was very successful. His wife was almost loved not only England, but also the whole world. Diana possessed amazing charm, cleanliness and immediacy. But male stupidity does not know borders. The heir to the throne continued to meet with Camilla. Soon the wife learned about this connection. In 1996, the spouses divorced, but lived separately since 1992.

Queen of England Elizabeth II sits on the left
In the center sits the princess Diana with the son of William, on the right of the Mother Queen. Prince Charles and Philip

This divorce is a serious blow to the prestige of the royal family. England was on the side of the deceived Diana. The situation aggravated the tragic death of this amazing woman in 1997. They rummed that Prince Charles prince was involved in death. Allegedly, by his order, the attackers caught the brake hoses from the car in which the princess was driving. But the official investigation is completely similar rumors.

In 1992, Marriages Anna and Andrew broke up. True around these 2 events there were no loud scandals. Everything went quietly and unnoticed, but left in the souls an unpleasant precipitate. Still, the royal surname should be a sample in all respects. For several years, the subjects met Elizabeth II cold silence. The same pretended to notice anything. Although it is not difficult to imagine what was happening in her soul.

Charles with Camilla and Elizabeth II

Gradually, the British moved their soul and again fell in love with their queen. Even the marriage of Prince Charles with Camilla in 2005 was no longer able to undermine the authority of the Queen of England. Still, after the death of Princess Diana passed a lot of years, and the memory of people is very short.

Cate Middleton is currently very popular with the British, William's wife: Senior Son from Marriage Princess Diana and Charles. The Girl is warm and Elizabeth II itself. It is rumored that the queen wants to change the rules of the preclusion and appoint William to his heir. After all, the British do not like Prince Charles, and Camilla never recognize his queen.

Customs of the royal yard

The whole life of the royal yard is a ritual. It was worked out not one hundred years. For example, in the state of the Buckingham Palace there is a dressmaker. Its responsibilities include socks and bed linen. This does not mean that the queen has no money for such trifles. Portnika costs much more than new socks and linen sets. Just the royal yard gives tribute to tradition. About 500 years ago, the fabric was very expensive, and the vengeous persons saved in a similar way. Times have changed, but the custom remained. He is not the only one in the royal palace.

Livrey, who carry servants, are sewn up to 200 years ago. An old uniform is issued to each new employee and carries out the figure. The entire service personnel has about 300 people. The staff includes personal plots, Camericians, Freillins, cruise silver keepers, royal wallets. There are even a fraction of the front and rear rooms.

During official receptions, the table is covered huge sizes. It is impossible to reach its middle. Lakes wind up shoes with rags and climb on the table with their legs. During food, the first dish is served by the queen. She immediately begins to eat. After that, the lacquer is distributed to guests guests. When the plate of the vengeous person is empty, the employees immediately take the plates from all those present. Many guests do not even have time to try what they filed.

However, the Queen of England Elizabeth II this is not a very kind custom canceled. She stated that no one should ever remain hungry. But this is the only concession to the ancient traditions.

As for servants, they should walk around the palace, sticking to a narrow edge near the wall. If the queen or someone from the reign surname goes to meet, the servants should hide somewhere. It can be some kind of chulad, a wardrobe in the wall, that is, any shelter that is near. Seeing the Queen, noble ladies must squat, and men bow.

These traditions are observed strictly for centuries. For people, they are not at all burden. On the contrary, there is a lot of wishing to serve at the Royal Palace. But all positions are usually transmitted by inheritance. Children S. early years Abpen the unique atmosphere of the royal palace and jealously protect his traditions and customs. It seems that time itself freezes in the walls, which are no longer one hundred years to protect the reigning specials from the transformations of the external volatile and such an unpredictable world.