Efimenkova L. N. Correction of the oral and written speech of students of primary classes: CN. For speech therapists. Fairy tales for linguistic topics or how the prepositions of fairy tales disappeared with pretexts and adjectives
Objectives: 1) Termination of the ability to properly use prepositions thanks, according to, contrary, etc.
2) the development of grammatically correct speech of students;
3) Development of the spelling of prepositions.
Equipment lesson: cards - tasks, predictions use tables.
Type of lesson: Combined.
Preparation for a lesson: learning miniatures on the subject of lesson.
DURING THE CLASSES:
Opening conversation.
Listen to the fairy tale, determine what the main grammatical spelling rule of prepositions is we talking about?
Lived in one of the cities of morphology prepositions. They were drapes, gowns, jackets and always tried to hurt someone or offend. Especially delivered by nouns and pronuches. Therefore, when they were put next to the pretexts, the poor tried to move away away, so that the whole adjectives were able between them. Prepositions quarreled with oppressive words. They moved to another house and even stopped talking to the former neighbors. Gradually, thanks to a bad reputation, they moved away from all words - everyone tried to keep them away from them.
So pretexts have become separate words.
Nothing to do. Since such a quarrel forever happened, they decided to record this event in the book ruled, and the rule appeared ...
What rule is about?
Reiteration. Definition of the pretext, as part of speech.
Not to find in any way pretext
Tell you pro pretext.
So tell you just
What he does and how.
In the offer in service
With the case, he is always in friendship,
Shows him
And the words he binds.
Determine the lexical meaning of the highlighted words. What are these words called?
Write out the prepositions along with the words they link.
New topic.
1. The Anya Technical Secretary flew into the secretariat, having flown by a piece of paper. She threw a leaflet driver Marvanene (Maria Ivanovna) and blurted out:
- Correct and rewrite. Tarakanych swears. You have a single piece of paper, says not really rewrite, always hover.
Tarakanych called Taras Ivanovich. Marvanna calmly read a piece of paper and asked:
- Where is the mistake?
"That's," said Anya with his finger, "according to the contract," and necessary "according to the contract"!
"I wrote right," said the typist. - A contract is illiterate.
- Well, this is not my business and not yours too! - shouted Anya. - Tarakanych knows better. He ordered to rewrite.
"And I will not rewrite," said Marvanna, "I wrote correctly."
Who is right? Marvanna or Tarakanych? Prove.
B. 2. Remember:due to, contrary to, according to, in order to meet - With D. Padege
3. Remember:near, deep into, along - with R. Padege
4. Remember:by means, in the role, depending - with R. Padege
5. Remember:for, continued, in view of with R. Padege
AT 4. Record the nouns with these pretexts.
According to (desire, telegram, news);
Contrary to (request, decision, order);
Thanks (Doctor, Sun, Mother);
Normar (storm, custom, all);
Meet (friend, me, soldier);
Near (house, school, you);
Deep into lake, labyrinth, text);
Along (road, sea, notebook);
Through (key, knife, water);
By (sample, experience, experiment);
In the role (hare, queen, Ivanushka);
Depending on (circumstances, time, teacher);
During (lesson, day, spring);
In continuation (match, meeting, night);
In view (disease, circumstances, breakdown)
Record on one suggestion using these prepositions with words.
Fastening.
Let's go back to our fairy tale that sounded at the beginning of the lesson. Determine what inaccuracy was allowed to use the pretext. Why so can you talk? ( thanks to bad reputation)
Choose the correct option:
In the forest in the garden
Get bogged in the snow to live in paradise
In the snow in heaven
Dance Bale
At the ball
Full hundred minute for a joke.
What kind of three predictions can be the name of an important belonging of a bicycle, without which you should not go to the long journey? (On-co - c)
The name of which very common tree consists of three prepositions? (Pine)
What kind of three predictions can be the name of the pet? (K - O - for). And from two? (K - from).
In what case is the personal pronoun, do we consist of two prepositions? (In the parent - on - c).
Misha reads the adventure story. He met such a place in the book: "For three months there was a prisoner in the cheese and a gloomy basement. He was given only bread dry and water. When he was freed, in his dungeon, in the corner, there was a lot of bones. "
Have you guessed what?
Chase - Stage.
What prepositions require constant close attention? Why?
With which case you can not use pretexts due to, contrary to?
To strengthen your knowledge,
UPR.345, 338 (in Sloga).
Exercise 1. Listen to the phrases, name the pretext. With each phrase, come up with an offer.
Hidden by the tree. Disappeared behind the turn. Embankment behind the clouds. Standing at home. Charged behind the fox.
Holded hands. Fucked for Alesh. He jerked over the sleeve. Grown over the summer. Kept for his brother.
Task 2. Insert the missing preposition into the phrase. Come up with an offer with each phrase.
I went ... berries. Watched ... ants. I went ... nuts. Follow yourself. Let's go ... mushrooms. Got ... work. Performed .... Poll. Sat ...... Hope ... horizon.
Task 3. Remember the Fairy Tale "Repka". Tell those who kept whom. What preposition is repeated?
Sample answer: grandmother for the grandfather. Grandmother's grandmother. Etc
Task 4. Consider the pictures and make proposals on them.
(The speech therapist draws the attention of students to the fact that there are such prepositions that consist of two words, asks to allocate such a pretext from the second sentence.) (The boy runs out due to a tree.)
Task 5. Listen to the proposal, name the complex pretext, then this pretext with the word to which it belongs.
Sample: Due to, because of clouds.
The sun looked out due to clouds. From behind the bush jumbled bunny. Guests got up from the table. Due to rotation, the car left. The student got up because of the desk. Because of the forest, Grandfather Egor rides from the mountains. Due to the curtains, flowers were visible. Roads Raskisli because of the rain.
Task 6.. Make proposals using words with complex pretexts.
because of the house, because of the mountain, because of the table, because of the coneers, because of the car, due to the turn, because of the bad weather, because of the wind, due to the disease, due to the cabinet, Due to bad grades, due to the fence
Task 7. Insert the missing preposition in the proposal. Say the proposal entirely.
The guys did not go hiking ... bad weather. ... The forests seemed to the sun. Lena did not go to the theater ... Diseases. ... Cold wind could not continue the journey. Little monkey peeking ... the shoulder of the trainer.
Most children by the time of study at school are already fully mastered by the sound side of speech, have a rather detailed vocabulary, they can grammatically make proposals. However, not all the process of mastering the speech occurs equally. In some cases, it can be slowed, and then children have different deviations that violate the normal course of speech development. Violations of speech are diverse. They have different severity and depend on the cause and structure of the defect. In the course of general development, the child gradually seizes the language of communication: its vocabulary stock and the formation of a system of various forms of words and phrases (grammatical system) occurs. In the process of the general and speech development of the child, its dictionary is not only enriched, but also qualitatively improving. Gradually, the child masters the semantic meaning of the word, the level of generalization and distraction increases in the content of the words assimilated by them.
The lag in the development of various sides of the speech creates serious obstacles to the successful assimilation of the child's reading and writing software, as they are not enough practical generalizations that have a child with normal speech development long before school learning. Finding into a secondary school, such children become unsuccessful students only because of their abnormal development.
Today we are starting a new cycle in the work on the assimilation of children of predictions - these are fairy tales about the prepositions. Fairy tales will help the parent explain and show the child a variety of proposed-case structures.
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"Tale about small words"
Prepositions.
Far is far away there is a big country of words. There are many different different words in this country. Do you know why you need words? Without words, people could say nothing to each other. Words we call different items: table, wood. All we do, can also be called in words actions: walk, play.
A wizard lives in the country of words. He knows how to do a lot of different wonders. But most of all he likes to play with the words. When children play, they can make a house, car, robot, a palace for the princess doll from the details of the designer. And the wizard has another designer. He creates words from sounds and letters.
Our speech consists of different words. As a house is built from bricks and our speech is made of words. Words are long - when there are many letters in them. For example, in the word "constructor" - 11 letters. And in the word "house" - only 3 letters.
The wizard has many different words. And among them there are very small - from two letters - from, on, from. And even from one letter - in, k, s, o, u. These individual magic words are called pretexts.
Bricks in the building so that they do not scatter, wash the cement. Cement, like glue, combines large and small bricks. This is how the short words - prepositions, - as the magic, help to fold, associate words to suggestions, in understandable speech. That's what they have a magic role.
And also prepositions help us tell where what is. For example: the book lies on the table, pencils in the table, and the ball under the table, the picture hangs over the bed, and the cabinet is behind the bed. Even without seeing these items, we can imagine where they, we will easily find them.
Now imagine that the prepositions suddenly disappear. We will have to talk without prepositions: desk desk, pencils desk, ball table, painting bed, wardrobe bed. It is completely incomprehensible where to look for these items. Therefore, it is very important not to forget about the little words - prepositions and correctly use them when we say.
Remember:
Prepositions are small words. They help us to speak right proposals and tell where what is.
On the topic: Methodical development, presentations and abstracts
The main task of this lesson is to teach children from the ONR to form the names of the nouns of the only number of a genitive case without an excuse and with the pretexts of U, without, from on the material of the lexical those "vegetable ...
Cade and prepositions. The proposed case with a pretext on.
This material is addressed to parents whose children have speech problems (ONR, SPR, FFNR). The proposed tasks will help expand the vocabulary of the child, to form a grammar system of speech, ...
Tale of pretexts.
Long-time in a distant country, grammar lived small words of the prepositions, they were big bully. With all parts of the speech, they managed to quarrel. It was hurt by the words. They complained to the queen grammar. She decided to figure out the quarrel and invited everyone to themselves. And the prepositions are important, they do not want to stand next to the words-subjects, move away from them further and further, finally it was so moved away that the whole word could be inserted or the question.
Nor tried to reconcile the government of quarreled, nothing happened. Then she suggested the pretexts to live separately, and the quarrel was strengthened, so what turned into a rule: prepositions with words are written separately.
Tale of the girl console.
In a dense forest, a prefix girl lived in a dense forest. She had an old hut. The girl loved to wander in the forest for a long time, collect mushrooms and berries, listening to birds singing and playing with animals. Sometimes the prefix removed from the forest of lost mushrooms.
So lived prefix. In the summer she gathered the gifts of the forest, took stocks for the winter, and in the winter knitted socks for small animals, sniffed clothes along with hedgehog and told fairy tale beasts.
Once in the forest where the girl had a prefix, words went. They decided to recruit more fungi and berries, so they did not notice how they climbed into the most popular forests and got lost. The day went to the end. Here is the sun village for a slide. On the forest dropped the evening. It became dark. Words sat on Perenok and cried. They heard their crying squirrels, rowed the trees on the top of the trees to the girl's girl and told her about the missed heroes. The girl listened to the animals and hurried to help words.
In the forest already quite dark. The prefix is \u200b\u200bin a hurry, runs, in ahead holds his magic flashlight, illuminates the path. I barely found poor things. He led the girl of poor mushrooms to his native village. Itself goes ahead, the magic flashlight holds above his head, and the words go behind it. Yes, so the words were scary that they were pressed to the console, and some of them had grown to the flashlight.
So got to the house. The prefix is \u200b\u200bwatching, and many words have changed during the path. So tightly to the flashlight was glued that they turned into new words.
Since then, a lot of time has passed, and words do not forget the girl's prefix and her magic lanterns, over time they learned even to change these lanterns, but they do not want to part with them.
Friendship Morpham.
In a wonderful country, the word formation has lived-matured morphemes: root, suffix, prefix and root. They began to argue: who lives in what word?
We decided to bring the word to check, chose - rug. Began to be distributed.
The floor is the root, Ovik, and the endings and the consoles are not. The root and suffix were regenened, the variable part was offended: "I always cut you out! Focused with all the case! "
Yes, and it did not like it to the prefix, but it was silent.
Began to look for another word, found "cut." The root is, the ending too. Suffix - no. He was offended: "I help you to express my emotions, I can decrease, I can climb. And you?". And the modest of the prefix, silent until now, timidly said: "I, of course, do not mind, but also forming a new word. Without me, you can not enter or go out. And you do not take me! "
Send morphemes to search for the right word. Walked - wandered until they saw the basis for which everyone told.
"I can pick you up. You are all very important, let them not be together in all words. Let's be friends, and I will always be with you. "
Since then, the foundation, the root, suffix and the prefix are firmly friends, although the ending is often offended by them. And you guys know why?
Tale of the wizard suffix.
In the long-standing time in the distant country, grammar lived in the castle the old wizard suffix. His residents of the country were very afraid. There was bad glory for this sorcerer. He could turn words from small to large or just huge, and good could make evil, or, on the contrary, turn an angry in a tender and obedient. How it was able to the wizard, the words did not know, and because they were afraid of him.
One day a huge Giant came to the city. Made by the ruler, the king drove into the forest and began to manage all and all. The inhabitants have saddened. How to live on? Than feeding a huge giant, if he eaten the herd of cows at one time. What to wear, if the annual supply of fabric left for one shirt. And then the elder of the city suggested to seek help to the wizard suffix. Residents were afraid to go to the old man. But there were three cerebrals who dare to this journey. They found a wizard castle. They told him about the misfortune of citizens, and he promised to help.
The next morning, the soffix wizard appeared on the main square of the city in front of the Giant Palace. The new ruler was sitting on the balcony and drank morning coffee. Having envying an old sorcerer, the giant laughed and said: "So is your people so afraid of you? Cowardly people! " The wizard of the suffix did not answer anything to him, but only waved his magic wand, and ... Sapochishi giant turned into boots, waved once again ... That's how the giant did not become, and in his place a little man remained. He turned his handles, flooded with legs and ran away from his eyes.
The former king returned from the forest, and people healed happily. The ruler generously awarded the souffix wizard and invited him to live in the city.
Since then, no one has ever been afraid of the old sorcerer.
Suffix Chick and the Practice.
On the large planet Russian in the country Morphology and spelling in a wonderful city name noun lived two brothers, suffins chick and the trans.
H - honest
And - infantile
K - beautiful
Shch - generous
And - intelligent
K - Capricious
And somehow two brothers argue.
- You can not do anything without me! Said the Poker. And Chick did not like to quarrel and always dreamed of having friends.
I will go and find my friends not such coarse and cruel,
The brothers went to different directions: Chick to the left, the tower right. For a long time they walked and did not find friends, but suddenly Chick met the company letters d, t, s, s and f. They made friends with Chik. When the knee learned about it, he took himself as a friend of all other residents of the town.
That's how we distinguish the suffix suffix on the letter and the PC.
In nouns
Suffix Chick is very smart
Friendly only with d, t, s, s, f,
The suffix is \u200b\u200bthen.
Roots of the mountains - and gar - managed
Select position:
We write without shock
We all without a doubt.
We need an attachment
For education
Clearly, beautiful
And, of course, very important.
Morphology we know
Because we study,
Very glad to each meeting.
Two girlfriends.
In one premium state in the suburb of the city, the word formation has lived two adorable girlfriends, two consoles of pretreats.
If you always denote the connection, approximation, incompleteness of action or proximity. And the priest was very friendly, and she also had a sister prefix's sister. So she always tried to divide the girlfriends, and somehow it happened ...
When she walked in the alphabetic garden and admired nature, revealed to her:
Your girlfriend leaves our beautiful state. She does not even want to say goodbye to you.
Early upset and wanted to go say goodbye to, but her sister was dissuading, referring to the fact that the previous evening.
With the same, I did not suspect, she quietly went to bed. At night, rewarded to when and cried:
Your predominant girlfriend left the city, you need to find pre!
When sat on the bed, I rode and went for my girlfriend. Since then, two girlfriends are looking for each other.
Single words.
Made once the root of the bush and the root of the word.
Hello, "says one," I'm root, and who are you?
And I am also a root, - answers the other.
I live in the ground, "said the first. - And where did you live?
And I live in words, "answered the second.
Well, what root can live in words! - The first grinned. - So I am root so root! - Look: from me in the ground take the beginning of the sprouts and grows a whole bush of currant or nuts, or even a whole tree. And what is growing from you?
Do not boast, - answers the second smile. - from me and from other the same roots as I, also grow valuable bushes, only not plants, but new words. Look, how many different words have grown only from one root of "years"
Think! - Does not get the first. - But on the bushes and trees that grow from me, the delicious fruits and berries can be eaten. And you do not eat your words!
And without words that grow from me, not one of your plants, nor fruits, nor berries can not even be called! - Do not give up the second.
Heard their dispute people and say:
Do not argue, friends, both of you are needed. We need such roots, from which good plants grow, are very necessary and those from which new words can be raised.
Like all branches of one bush, there is a shared root and all related words there is always a common root - common to all of which they all happened.
Tale about single-colored words.
Lived - there were many thousand years ago old man root forest. He lived a lot and during that time became very rich. Everything was good, yes he was alone. It was boring him and sad. And there were a lot of homes in his country, but there is no one to live in them.
And once he passed under suffix oK. He loved his unusual country and sat down to relax. And the old man's root runs to meet, rejoices a guest. He greeted him and told about his life - to be. I regretted the head of the old man and agreed to join the day. He brought his old man root into the house, and they became friendly and fun to live. Suffix oK To the root forest I went to visit, drinking tea. So lived forest Yes oK , lesok.And soon and not separated them. Yes, so the suffix liked the old man that he was left to live for him forever.
Meanwhile, the console passed by under. It goes, surprises: she passed more than this country, and it was always quiet and sad around, and this time laughter and jokes heard from the border itself. It was interesting, she decided she decided to look at the light. BUT forest yes oK She will come to meet. These friends are always welcome. Heated, they fed the console. They offered her a little bit. A prefix, seeing affection and care, and herself is glad to stay. So they heal in the threesome: prefix under, root forest and suffix OK - undergrowth . Well, they live in the threes. No one swears on anyone, solid peace and peace. They lived for a long time and happily.
But in one sunny morning, the boundaries of the country suffix appeared nick . Surprised noise and fun. And when I learned what was the matter, it was terribly angry: "What is it? Why do some extraneous suffixes and consoles live in my house when I am a near relative of the old man's root? " He fused his foot and kicked out everyone, and he himself got up: forest Nik. . Poor suffixes and consoles walked their dear. But the old man caught up and returned them. "How not to be ashamed," he said to suffix nick --You kicked out their own sophisticated brothers. And for you, and for them I am an old man root forest one, and therefore you are words lesk, undergrowth, forester- relatives. And you call one word - single. Pretched consoles and suffixes and began to live together. And then many other consoles and suffixes came to visit them.
EXCLAMATION.
They met on a sheet of paper zero with an exclamation mark. Met, talked.
I have great trouble, "said Zero. - I lost my wand. Imagine the position: zero and without a stick.
Oh! - exclaimed an exclamation mark. - It's horrible!
It is very difficult for me, - continued Zero. - I have such mental work ... With my scientific and life baggage without a stick, it is not necessary to do without a stick.
Oh! - exclaimed an exclamation mark. - That's wonderful!
We will work out perfectly, "Zero continued. - I have content, and you have a feeling. What could be better?
Eh! - An exclamation mark was rented even more. - It's really wonderful.
And they began to work together. It turned out an amazing couple. And now someone will meet on paper zero with an exclamation mark, will surely exclaim: Oh! And nothing else will say anything. Of course, if nothing is written on paper anymore.
ALPHABET.
Long time in ancient times, the tribes of letters lived. The world was improved, and the letters lived like the generic communities. The queen of linguistics appeared in the country, and the letters lived like the generic communities.
I called their queen to ourselves. At first she counted them, it turned out 33 letters. Linguistics and tells them: "I want to improve the life of your tribes. And they answer her: "UU-UA-MM ...!". They don't know how to say. I sent their queen home, and herself began to think what to do. And invented.
The next day, again called the letters to himself: "Now you will live separately, you built 33 at home, and you will live in them in order. And walking up. Soon we will learn your names. And in order for you to learn faster, we hire you a tutor "
And since that moment in the country, Linguistics appeared street alphabet, which we need.
Soft sign.
Live in the country grammar famous magician. Call his soft sign. It is worth it to approach any word, and it is done completely unrecognizable: the word "ate" turns into a "fir", and the canning bank became a warm bath.
Soft sign aparted: "I, they say, the most magical." But some residents from the country of grammar (vowels of the second row) began to laugh: "We and we can show the tricks without you. Look: "Luke" was "Luke", was "small", became "mall". So the vowel second rows put on the place of Bushube.
Soft sign, soft sign -
Without it, it is impossible!
Not write without it
Thirty, twenty, ten, five.
Instead of six we get the pole,
Instead, we get eating
Will be foam hemp,
Corners - coal,
Balca to turn into the bank.
That's what happens,
If we forget
Soft sign in words writing.
Day, din, sleep, shadow,
Cheese, juice, elk, laziness,
Nose, used, dig, whine
Kon, horse, noise, sew.
You say in what words
Do not write a soft sign.
Tale of the wizard of emphasis.
Gathered once in a magical country of words, began to have fun and dance. On your holiday, they invited punctuation marks, letters, sounds, but forgot about the old wizard stress. He learned about the holiday and was very offended. I decided to revenge the wizard of the wizard. Here he appeared in the midst of the holiday in the middle of the square, where guests gathered, and stated that he was the most important and significant. How could you forget about it? They silenced all those present and thought. And then they said, so that he was not accustomed that it was not at all clear words, why didn't the emphasis?
Who you are? How am I not important? If I won't be in words, you will not be able to read something right! If I want, I can change you unrecognizable! Then, instead of one word, completely different will appear.
Differed words, stand and afraid. It hurts the look of the old wizard of stress. Maybe he said the truth?
But then the castle came out on the middle of the hall.
I'm not afraid of you, the wizard! How can you influence me? If I blame on the door, no one will penetrate the house. I obey only the key.
The wizard laughed and hit the castle with a magic wand, and so strongly, which reroxed the emphasis from the vowel on the vowel A - the castle turned into an ancient castle. Ahunli words.
Suddenly, carnations came out of the crowd.
We are sharp cloves. Sharp, strong and iron. We keep huge brices. We can bond bridges, walls of houses and parts of furniture. We are not afraid of you. Many are us - you are alone!
The wizard stress grinned and moved the emphasis with the vowel about the vowel and - the carnations disappeared and the gentle red carnations appeared.
"Enough, enough, pretty! - scattered frightened words. - We believe, believe you, the wizard is an emphasis, and we apologize! "
But the wizard did not learn. And instead of atlas, satin appeared, the arrows of the clock disappeared, and brave arrows appeared in their place. See the words - bad deal! They took the wizard to the honorable place among the guests, they were promised never to forget about it.
Why is it always shock.
Once the letter E ran into the forest. Suddenly a strong wind blew, and trees were injected. The letter E was scary, and she hid under her tips. The fir stuck from the wind, and the letter E fell from the fir branch two huge bumps. They hurt the letter in his forehead, so so that she jumped two bumps on her head. And from this, it turned into another letter - the letter E. It turns out why the letter E is always drummer and why she walks with bumps on her head.
The fairy tale of how the letter h quarreled with the letters I and Yu
Once the letters I, Yu, A and Y, called to play hide and seek the letter C. They counted and fell to look for the letter C. The rest ran to hide. The letters are sitting in countersight places, waiting when they start looking for. Here the letter h has already bypassed everything, I found a and also, and I will not find everything in any way. I was looking for, I was looking for, never found, offended, I decided to go home. The letter of hours past a nearby house, sees - Yu and I didn't seem to sit on the porch. Offended h and since then they have friendship apart. They never stand together.
But with letters a and y, the letter h made friends.
Since then, Cha and Chu are written only with a and u.
Connecting O and E in difficult words.
On the outskirts of the country "Word formation" is located a city of complex words. From all over the country, Brenels there are difficult words to know how correctly they are written.
The words of the beast came and catch and said that they did not want to stand nearby.
What the letters do you want to connect? Queen asked.
Your Highness, let it be your choice, - answered words.
The queen had two favorite letters, Oh and E. She decided: "Let it be e."
I did not like this letter Oh:
E performs double work, "she said." When it stands after a solid, she softens it, and now there will also be a base. But not me! I also want to nice roots. I want to benefit, let us be equal to work!.
The queen thought and issued a new orfirogram: oh writes after solid, e after soft, as well as after letters C, Sh. Oh concerned.
This is how the spell-known orthogram appeared: connecting about and e in difficult words.
Why did the negative particle quarreled with noucent names?
In some kingdom, in some state, in some town there lived a lot of nouns and only one piece is not.
They walked together, played, taught the alphabet. But one day they were knighted. It happened so ... did not call his friends to play the ball, but not all nouns agreed. Refused those that are negative. Then I did not suggest play hide and seek, but they refused again.
Why do you always say no? - the rest of the nouns were outraged.
We simply don't like your stupid games, we are serious people! - negative nouns disadvantaged.
Then I am no longer friendly with you! - I exclaimed not. After this quarrel, negative nouns were not met with not and her friends who were able to be friends in spite of everything.
The kingdom of nouns names.
a) In one magic kingdom, which is called Russian, lived animals and inanimate nouns. Somehow they began to argue: who is more important? The messesmen were so cried that they did not notice how inanimated nouns were left of the kingdom. An animated nouns were delighted and decided that they were now the main. But did not last their joy. They wanted to eat, sleep, play, but irresistible nouns did not turn out. They then understood that each of them is important. They went to an inanimate forgiveness to ask. Since then, they live together.
b) In one country, who lived words? So what? Once all the words fled and have become fun. They played and lost their names. Began to argue a gun with a fly, a ball with a ball. For a long time they argued. Then they remembered that the names of the nouns can be divided into groups: animated and inanimate. The nouns were divided into groups and reconciled.
c) in one kingdom lived animated and inanimate words. They were friends and never quarreled. And in this kingdom there lived a witch. Nobody saw her, as she lived in a deaf forest. She did not love those who were friends. And she decided to quarrel the words: he sent them a curse. Words quarreled and inanimate left this kingdom. The messes decided to return them. They were looking for their friends for a long time, and finally found them in an old abandoned house tied to the columns. The sorceress prepared the potion. But he did not have time to drink words. Battle began. The sorceress was punished for curse. She liked that the words live so together and she began to ask to live with them and never offended anyone else. Words accepted her in their kingdom.
In the country Sounds.
We lived in a magic country sounds. This country was completely tiny. And the inhabitants in it were only 31. No one saw them, since they were invisible.
But you can hear them. Six sounds were singers: a, y, s, and, uh, o. For singers and holosity nicknamed their vowels. I was sang [ya], ё [yo], yu [yu], e [ye].
The remaining 21 were also kind, good sounds, but they could not sing. Listen to: BVGJZIKLMNPRSTFHTS Ch Sh Sh.
They were very friendly, in all agreed with vowels, loved to stand with them alongside. And they called consonants.
Sounds and now live together, make magic songs. You can also sing along with them, but for this you need to know how to find out all the sounds and correctly pronounce them.
Try!
how Sounds learned to turn into letters.
Much time has passed since settled in one magical country sounds. They were invisible, but they loved to sing.
One day a wizard appeared in that country from another kingdom. He liked him so there that he wanted to get acquainted with her inhabitcies. And when I learned that all the inhabitants are invisible, it was very upset. But he was still a wizard, and very kind. And he decided to give each resident to the Magic Dress. Each sound got a dress that does not like others. It was worth it to put on it, as the sound immediately became visible and turned into a letter. The letter could be seen, depict, draw, write. The wizard was very pleased. After all, now, after reading or sang her, or whispered, he called the sound by name. So they met.
Who more important?
One day, one day, among themselves, vowels and consonant sounds: which of them is more important.
Of course, we are more important! - shouted vowels. - No one and the mouth will open without us!
Well, we will see, - the consonants objected together. - Try us to pronounce us to at least a little not to open your mouth. Nothing will happen!
And so it will turn out! For example, M.
Is only one m, nothing else!
And yet we are more important! Without us, not a single word, no syllable.
That is true, right. But without us, consonants, no word will understand. Well, tell me without our help something! At least the name of the science that studies us with you!
Oh ... E ... And ... Ah, - the vowels were sang and embarrassed.
Here you see! And if we say Fltk, so everyone guess that these are phonetics.
Let us suppose. Although we decided that this is a fantasy. But in
try to pronounce without us such words: window, tree, if.
The consonants were rinsed in response to something inseparable and also silent.
What do you think guys? Which of them is more important and more?
Always together
Once, there were no vowels and consonants and diverged into different directions. I got confused in a bunch, I wanted to talk -, and no way ...
Cough:
Kh! Sneeze:
PCH! Chuckled:
For some reason called the cat:
Puss, puss, puss! And they bored ... Suddenly:
It seemed to them that someone sobs somewhere ... listened.
A-ah! Ltd! - shouted vowels. They cried like small children:
UA! UA! Aukali:
And the consonants shouted to them (or rather, they wanted to shout, but they had only vague mutations:
BDM VGD WMST!
And heard joyful, but also inadvertent:
Y-E-E-A-E-e!
They concluded the world, they became close again, they said clearly:
We will always together!
And since then has never been separated. It is impossible for them without each other. Who will be the words to form? It happens, the truth is that they are a little quarrel, but then all I will be laid.
(by A. Shibayev)
The argument of letters.
Recently, letters argued again. It all started because of Ya.
I am the main thing - I said the letter I. - Because I am me.
And you are not the main thing, the letter A. shouted - you are standing
at the end of the alphabet. And at the very beginning. And I sing: ahh ... I'm the most important!
And we also sing, - the letters of y, o, and, s.
What are you the main ones, if you can build only one word - ah, - said the letter M. - But together with me you can build the words of Mom, past, Mu Mu.
But the hard sign came out:
I know that I am not the main letter: I do not indicate any separate sound. But I sometimes offer you: I can share sounds, I do not let them merge. We all make one overall work: we make words. And in this work we help each other. And what do you know how to do, singers? - asked K.
We, - Chorus answered the letters a, o, y, e, and, s, - we indicate vowels.
What else do you do? - asked strictly b.
We also show that we have solid consonant sounds.
And I, - I regained and, - I show soft!
Clear! All you do two works. Well done! And you, boasting, what can you do? - asked Kommersant Ya.
I show that I am me, - answered the letter I.
What kind of work do you know how to do?
I ... work? .. I know nn-n-e, - I answered the letter I. then jumped out, holding hands, three letters - Yu, E, E.
This is our sister, but she still does not understand anything, "the letter Yu said and took the letter I.
What do you know how to do? - asked Kommersant
We can do three works, - said the letter Y.
What?
First work - we denote vowel sounds [a], [o], [y], [u], - said the letter Y.
The second job, - said the letter E, - we indicate that we have a soft consonant sound.
And the third job, - interrupted the letter E, - we can designate two sounds at once: [ya], [IE], [yo].
Well, you are very well done: do three works! - praised them b. Did not have time to say it, as they began to pop up all the rest
letters: M, N, L, R, B, P, B, F ... They became in a row and shouted loudly:
What do we know how to do?
Let's figure it out, "Kommersant said. - Let's start with you, "he turned to the letter M. - What do you know how to do?
The letter M thought:
I can designate two sounds, but only if I have a neighbor.
And without a neighbor? - asked K.
I can't do without a neighbor. Neighbors help me.
But as? - asked K.
If the letters about me are about, and, y, s, then I designate a solid consonant sound. And if after me there are letters I, E, E, Yu, I, or b, then I designate a soft consonant sound.
And we are all so, "the letters denoted by the consonant sounds shouted the choir.
Everything is clear, - said Kommersant
At all, not everything, - the letters g, sh, h, sh, c, y.
We always indicate only solid consonants, - said F, C, S.
And we always designate only soft consonants, - said the letters, h, Sh.
Well, we have dealt with, who of us knows how to do, - said Kommersant - Only we can all together can make words. All letters are the main ones at their work.
Parade letters
Letters are all important,
Letters are needed.
When two brothers Kommersant were settled in the magic country of alphabet, the inhabitants were exactly 33. Everyone had a housing, but could not change it to another. Such strict laws were there.
Once the king of the alphabet and the Queen of the ABC decided to arrange a holiday. All the sounds of the magic were put on dresses, turned into letters and went to the main square.
The king gave the team letters to build and stand up to each in his place, by the number of housing. So in what order there were letters there: a, b, in, g, d, g, 3, and, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, c, t, y, f, x, c, H, sh, sh, b, s, b, u, yu, i.
Queen Alphabet really liked the system of letters. Since then, the building of the letters in this order and began to call named King - alphabet or queen - alphabet.
Everyone who wants to learn the secrets of this magnificent country should, like the king, know by heart the order of letters.
ABOUT big and small.
Somehow sea during the storm threw a man to the shore. This man lying on the sand for a long time before it was found letters. Yes, yes, the very letters that lived in an excellent magic country. They hit the person and thus saved his life. The man turned out to be a great scientist from the neighboring mysterious country. He wanted to get acquainted closer with his saviors - letters, but
i could not see them, so they were small. Then the scientist took the package with pills. These were amazing pills. Eat blue, immediately you will become high, growing. And if you need to become small again, there is a white one. A lot of pills left them a scientist in gratitude, and letters willingly enjoy them until now. But only if there is a need for it. And what could be the need, what do you think guys?
But what song invented big letters. She likes them so much that they often sing it:
The letter usual rose suddenly
Became noticeably above the girlfriends,
Watch with honor
On the letter of the girlfriend.
But why? For what merits?
The letter to grow did not want herself,
The letter is entrusted with an important thing -
Put in the word
Not in vain and not just
The letter of such high growth.
The letter is put in the line at the beginning, to start everyone notice. The name, the surname is written with her, to notice them to be more visible to sound loud and proudly your name, the name of the street, city. The letter is big - not at all the trifle: in the letter of great respect sign!
(E. Izmailov)
But they were among the letters cautious brothers - soft and solid signs. They flatly refused to have magic pills, and therefore never became big. But the letter is sometimes, on occasion to occasion. They kept somehow apart. Once the letter and had to even console her sister:
She said sister his native:
Here you are, sister, neighbor, you are often capital, and I rarely rarely.
Well, rare - it is not trouble. Other letters never!
And a lot of them?
Yes, three: sister and with her two brothers. Your name is so ...
Do not say ... Tell you guys!
(Correct, b, ъi.)
This is what interesting stories occur in the magic country of alphabet.
Cheerful rhymes.
Vowels - Agree
We are not letters, we are speech sounds.
We are not letters, we are speech sounds,
Pronounce and hear us.
Breathing free in every vowel
In consonants, interrupted by a moment.
And only that harmony reached,
Who alternate them is subject to them.
Air freely goes through the mouth,
Sound turns vowel.
The vowels are drawn in a song ring,
Can cry and scream
Can in the crib baby's battle
But they do not want to whistle and grumble.
And consonants ... consonants
Rustle, whisper, creak,
Even snatch and hiss,
But I do not want to sing.
SCC ... - Snake whistles are heard.
Shshsh ... - fucked fallen leaf
LJ ... - Bumblebees buzzed in the garden.
RPR ... - Motors tauratte.
112. Consider recordings. What prepositions here "hid"? Write them down.
On, by, to, for, from, in, s, y, o, k, about, above.
About, without, for, under, pro.
Exercise 113, p. 52.
113. Consider the drawings. Read the prepositions.
Under, on, above, for, about, by, s, in.
- Make a proposal for any drawing. Write it down.
On the The branch is chirping a bird.
Under Tree grow mushrooms.
Over We flew swallow.
Per A ton is hiding a cat.
About Dogs standing a bowl with a bone.
By The sky floats clouds.
IN The sky shines the sun.
Hen from Chickens walk around the yard.
- Stress in the proposal grammatical foundation.
Exercise 114, p. 53.
114. Read. Insert the missed letters into the words, and in the combination of words suitable pretexts.
The juice of Ze Blah Nicky, arrived of MO SKU, RA BOTAL in Ma hazyna rode on the for nits, live in de rene tea from Sakha Rum, come l of Schools, Gully on the Usty Tse, Leaf I birches.
Exercise 115, p. 53.
115. Read. Insert the missed prepositions.
Travel Packet
Fucers descended from the stem on the leaf from Leaf on the flower. Collected his eight legs together to head, abdomen turned to Sky. The breeze broke the paucke from Flower. Puccule flies over Grass on the Coin. Pautinc closed per blade
SUD GL pr. SUD
broke. Spheres flew away in Green grass.
V. Bianki.
- Come up and write to the text header.
- Specify which part of the speech is every word in the last sentence.
Exercise 116, p. 54.
116. Read. Insert the letters into the words. Under each name, nouns will record another, but with the same pretext.
in P. butlloo over B. e.ryzoya
in the sea above the city
without P. butllood near D. e.jealous
without gloves near the forest
from M. e.tRO for Cherch andka
from school for mom
Exercise 117, p. 54.
117. Read. What are the most interesting words?