Perhaps it is difficult to overestimate the importance of a walk in kindergarten. On a walk, children actively move, breathe fresh air, learn about the world around them, and get used to work. All this is beneficial for the health, physical and mental development of children.

Sanitary norms (SanPiN of May 15, 2013 N 26 ON APPROVAL OF SANPIN 2.4.1.3049-13 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation in preschool organizations) determine that the daily duration of a walk for children is at least 3-4 hours.

The walk is organized 2 times a day: in the first half - before lunch and in the second half - after a nap or before the children leave home. When the air temperature is below -15 ° C and the wind speed is more than 7 m / s, the duration of the walk is reduced. The walk is not conducted when the air temperature is below -15 ° C and the wind speed is more than 15 m / s for children under 4 years old, and for children 5-7 years old - when the air temperature is below minus 20 ° C and the wind speed is more than 15 m / s;

During the walk, the pupils' physical activity and rational clothing are provided, depending on weather conditions, including in winter.

Requirements for equipping the kindergarten territory:
1. It is necessary to inspect the areas daily before walking:
all equipment on the site must be in good condition (without sharp corners, nails, roughness and protruding bolts),
small play forms, physical education aids, etc. must meet the age of children and the requirements of SanPiN;
2. Portable and didactic material for children's games, should correspond to the autumn-winter period. Toys must be hygienic, not broken, for different types of play activities, allowing the motor load to be adjusted in accordance with the season of the year and the age of children;
3. The fences of the kindergarten should not have holes, openings in order to avoid the entry of stray dogs and the unauthorized departure of children;
4. Pits on the territory must be filled up, wells closed with heavy covers;
5. If dangerous and suspicious objects are found on the site, immediately inform the administration (security guard), take the children to another site or room;
6. The gates of the kindergarten must be bolted;
7. In case of unauthorized departure of the child to search for him, immediately send the employee and report the incident to the nearest police station;
8. Requirements for the manufacture of snow structures (slides, paths for sliding, snow, etc.) must be met.

1. Dress children in accordance with the temperature conditions, do not allow:
- frostbite, hypothermia or overheating of the child's body;
- wetting of children's clothes, shoes;
2. Protect children from the effects of the following hazards characteristic of the autumn-winter period:
- injuries during games on areas not cleared of snow, ice;
- injuries from icicles falling from roofs, hanging blocks of snow during the thaw;
- falling from slides, in cases where the teacher does not have insurance
(to provide control and direct insurance by the teacher during rolling down a slide, climbing, jumping off a hill, sports equipment, throwing);
- Injury: metal or wooden racks of objects sticking out of the ground, low stumps on playgrounds for outdoor games, injections with broken glass, dry branches, twigs on trees, bushes, splinters from sticks, boards, wooden toys, etc.;
- trauma to the feet of pupils: in the presence of pits and potholes in the area, when jumping from stationary equipment without the caregiver's insurance;
- injuries when sliding on an ice track;
- when organizing the work of preschoolers;
- injuries, bruises during games with sports elements;
- injuries, bruises during games on a wet and slippery ground;
- injuries, bruises when riding on feet from ice slides, on sledges, while moving into icy conditions along slippery paths, outdoor steps, areas not cleared of snow, ice and not sprinkled with sand;
- injuries from touching metal structures with open parts of the body (face, hands, tongue, lips) on a frosty day;
To not allow:
- infection with gastrointestinal diseases, acute respiratory infections, if the child takes dirty and cold snow, icicles in his mouth.
- to clear the roofs of all buildings from snow, icicles - to sprinkle with sand.

Coordinate with the senior nurse, head of the possibility of going out for a walk, depending on the state of weather conditions, air temperature.
The teacher must inspect the clothes, shoes of the pupils for compliance with weather conditions.
Children should always be provided with spare things in case of bad weather, which parents bring in advance for this;

1. It is not allowed to organize a walk, work on one play area at the same time for 2 groups of pupils, the presence of parents on an evening walk
2. The teacher provides supervision, control over the quiet exit of the pupils from the room and descending from the porch, do not run, do not push; dr.

1. Provide control and direct insurance of pupils by the teacher while sliding on ice paths, sledding;
2. Make sure that when sledding the next child waits patiently until the child rolling down in front of him reaches the end of the slope, slide;
3. Do not allow children to sit with their backs to the slope when sliding down the hill on a sled;
4. Make sure that children do not put dirty snow, icicles in their mouths;
5. If frost and wind intensify, take the children to the kindergarten;

1. All employees who temporarily replace the teacher in the group take on the responsibility of saving the children.
2. In the event of unforeseen situations, it is necessary:
- to ensure the safety of children;
- make sure that there is no dangerous situation;
- inform the administration about the incident, provide first aid in case of an accident;
- inform the rescue service by phone if the situation requires it.

1. To organize a calm entrance of pupils into the premises of the kindergarten (the 1st subgroup passes and undresses under the supervision of the teacher's assistant, the 2nd - under the supervision of the teacher).
2. To clear the outer clothing of pupils, shoes from snow, dirt, sand.
3. Check how the pupils put their clothes in the lockers. If necessary, change the pupils' clothes into dry clothes and underwear.
4. Organize the performance of hygiene procedures: going to the toilet, washing hands with soap.
5. Ensure drying of wet clothes, shoes after rain or in winter

Types of walks in kindergarten

1. At the venue:

Thematic: consisting of observations and conversations on a specific topic (animals, clouds, trees, city transport, etc.), can be a street theatrical performance, a quest with overcoming simple obstacles - requires a prepared script in advance;

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE WALK

IN AUTUMN-WINTER PERIOD

SanPin 2.4.1.3049 - 13

According to SanPin, quartzing of groups in kindergarten should be carried out twice a day according to the schedule and after that airing should be carried out.

Washing and processing of toys in kindergarten according to SanPin must be done daily after the children leave home. In the youngest groups - twice a day. Toys intended for outdoor play are washed immediately after returning from the street with them. It is also necessary to process toys that have just been purchased; this must be done with soapy water for 15 minutes, then rinsed in clean water. The detergent used to treat toys must be safe for children.

In accordance with SanPin standards, bed linen in kindergarten should be changed as soon as it gets dirty, but at least once a week. Washing of linen and towels is carried out either in the laundry of a preschool educational institution, or by a special organization with which an agreement has been drawn up for the provision of laundry services.

In accordance with sanitary standards, each child in the kindergarten group must have an individual potty, and for children over 5 years old, personal harnesses made of safe materials are installed on the toilet bowls. Treatment of pots should be carried out immediately after use using detergents and disinfectants. Toilets are cleaned at least twice a day.

Food block

Each kindergarten group should be equipped with a sink for washing dishes with hot and cold water according to SanPin. The dishes are first cleaned of food debris, then washed with a sponge with the addition of mustard and soda. Then they are washed in water at a temperature of 50 degrees with the addition of bleach, then rinsed in water at least 70 degrees and dried on a grid designed for this. Once daily, the dishes should be boiled in clean water.

If there is a suspicion of the appearance of a disease transmitted through food, then the dishes should, after cleaning and washing, be processed and disinfected in a solution of chloramine or bleach for 30 minutes, then rinsed thoroughly and dried.

All utensils in the preschool educational institution must be labeled according to SanPin. Each pan should have an inscription for which dish it is intended for, the marking is applied with oil paint.

Vitaminization in kindergarten according to SanPin is carried out taking into account the condition of the pupil, with the obligatory supervision of a health worker and with the notification of the parents.

If the menu does not include fortified drinks, then vitamins are added to the third dishes - compote or jelly, at a certain temperature

Norms of premises and equipment

In SanPin for the pool in the kindergarten, it is clearly stated what the premises should be near the pool and with what equipment, as well as what kind of staff is needed in the pool. Special attention should be paid to cleaning and disinfection of the pool. With good water circulation in the pool, a complete water change should be made within 8 hours. If there is no circulation, drain the water daily. The cleaning of the swimming bowl should be carried out by the employees responsible for this. Showers, toilets and changing rooms are cleaned every day. General cleaning monthly. It is necessary to monitor the quality of water in the pool once a day.

Flowers are planted in the courtyard of the kindergarten in order to separate the playgrounds from the household areas. Fruiting, poisonous and thorny plants should not be planted on SanPin.

The size of furniture in a kindergarten according to SanPin must be of the same group and correspond to the table given in the decree. The size of the furniture must correspond to each group of children's growth.

The marking of furniture in a kindergarten according to SanPin should be made by color, depending on the size of the furniture.

SanPin for staff

All staff, including kindergarten teachers, must undergo medical treatment when hiring. inspection and certification for knowledge of sanitary standards. Further, every two years, a test is carried out for the knowledge of the same norms, and also tests of educators are regularly carried out. For example, testing "FSES of preschool education". All preschool educators are provided with overalls.

A nurse in a kindergarten for the new SanPin must have at least secondary medical education and have at least 3 years of work experience. The presence of a medical book is required, a medical examination must be carried out every three months. When working, it relies on a document of proper instructions and internal labor regulations

You can learn more about the SanPin standards for a preschool educational institution by clicking on the link.

Vera Kostikova
Walks for different age groups

Walk takes preschool children in the day mode age significant time and has great pedagogical value. According to SanPiN 2.4.1.3049-13 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, content and organization of the mode of operation of preschool educational organizations", approved. Resolution of the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation of 05/15/2013 No. 26, the recommended duration of daily walk takes 3-4 hours... Duration walks determined by the preschool educational organization depending on climatic conditions. Time allotted for a walk must be strictly observed. Organized by walk twice a day: in the first half of the day and in the second half of the day - after a nap or before the children leave home.

Structural components walks are: varied observations;

Labor orders;

physical activity: outdoor, sports games and game exercises;

Independent activities of children;

Individual work on different directions of development of pupils.

These components do not act as separate pedagogical activities, but as logical parts of the main thing that is planned by the educator in a specific age group for a walk, and make it more effective and interesting.

The sequence of structural components may vary depending on the type of previous educational activity. For example, if the children were in a lesson that required increased cognitive activity and mental stress, then at first walks outdoor games, jogging, then observations are held. If before walks there was a physical education or music lesson, then stroll begins with observation or quiet play.

Each of the required components walks lasts from 7 to 15 minutes and is carried out against the background of independent activities of children.

In the motor activity of children the walk should include:

Outdoor games and exercise in the morning walk: in the youngest group - 6-10 minutes, in the middle group - 10-15 minutes groups - 20-25 min... At the evening walk: in junior and middle groups - 10-15 minutes, in senior and preparatory groups - 12-15 minutes... Outdoor games can be supplemented or replaced with sports exercises or in senior preschool aged sports games, games with elements of competition.

Clothing requirements children:

At any time of the year, clothes and footwear should correspond to the weather at the moment and should not overheat or overcool children;

With temperature fluctuations from +3 to -3 ° C and weak winds, children's clothing should consist of three layers, including underwear. Outerwear consists of an insulated jacket, trousers or leggings; insulated boots on the feet;

At temperatures from -4 to -10 ° C, children wear a winter jacket or down jacket with three layers of clothing. - at lower temperatures, it is recommended to increase the number of layers of clothing to four or five, depending on the heat-shielding properties of outerwear. - in the summer, to avoid overheating, children wear light hats.

To avoid overheating children, you must adhere to the order dressing: at the beginning, children put on tights, leggings, then sweaters, overalls, shoes, and only last, hats, outerwear and a scarf.

Children come back with walks also in subgroups... The junior teacher picks up the first a subgroup of children... Children of the second subgroups continue to walk for another 10-15 minutes with the teacher.

Duration walks in winter, it decreases outdoors when the air temperature is lower and the wind speed is higher than the indicators set in the schedule of the corresponding age of children.

1 junior group down to -15 C quietly - at least 1 hour

from -12 С wind up to 5 m / s - not less than 30 min

2 junior group down to -20 С quietly - at least 1 hour

from -18 С wind up to 5 m / s - not less than 30 min

Average group down to -25 С quietly - at least 1 hour

from -20 C wind up to 7 m / s to -24 C wind up to 2 m / s (inclusive)- not less than 30 minutes

Seniors, preparatory group down to -30 С quietly - at least 1 hour

from -25 C wind up to 10 m / s to -29 C wind up to 3 m / s (inclusive)- not less than 30 minutes

Planning walks outside the site start with 2 junior group.

In preparation for walk the teacher must first inspect the place walks, route, to be coordinated with the manager. Route of movement group should provide for the smallest possible number of carriageway crossings and, if possible, use only controlled crossings.

The head, or deputy head for teaching and educational and methodological work, appointed by order, conducts targeted instruction with an entry in the Journal of targeted instruction in the organization walks and excursions outside the Kindergarten site with all employees accompanying the children, agree on the total number of children going to a walk.

In the case of a long walks it is important to provide for the required number of adults at the rate of one adult for 15 children. The teacher must first inspect the route and coordinate it with the head of the Kindergarten.

If, for some reason, children from group remained in the Kindergarten, according to the instructions of the head of the Kindergarten, they must be under the supervision of a certain employee, who may be responsible for the life and health of children.

Children while hiking walks, excursions outside the Kindergarten site must be accompanied by at least two adults. One of the escorts is appointed by the senior.

Children line up in a column of two and take each other's hands. While moving in a column, children should not have any objects or toys in their hands.

One of the convoy escorts is in front group, the second is behind.

Each escort must have a red flag. Group must be marked with red flags carried by the first and last pair of children.

Forms of work with children on a walk in winter.

On walk with children in winter, you can use the following forms work:

Observations of wildlife and inanimate nature, bird feeding;

Conversations with children on any topic;

Stories of the teacher and pupils from personal experience;

Creation of ice and making patterns from them, decoration of the site;

Snow molding;

Drawing in the snow;

Work on the site;

Conducting outdoor games in each age group;

Reading fiction and acting out fairy tales;

Role-playing games using snow buildings;

Educational games for the development of memory, attention, thinking;

varied motor activity: physical education classes (according to the schedule, physical education, skiing, sledding, ice-skating, snowmobiling, various relay races and games using sledges and skis, playing with snowballs, sliding on ice paths.

So, during walks you can invite children to watch how it snows, to consider snowflakes on clothes. Trees and birds will become subjects for observation. In order to have the opportunity to watch the birds every day, the teacher with the children hangs pre-made feeders on the site and takes out bread crumbs for them.

If it's freezing outside, the teacher draws the pupils' attention to how the snow crunches under their feet, and explains why this happens. It will be interesting to observe the patterns on the glass. Together with the teacher, children can dream up and find friends outlines: herringbone, snowy mountains, white bunny, etc. walks children analyze the weather, and then in group enter the results of observations into the calendar of nature.

Conducting experiments with water will become cognitive. For example, filling a mold with water tinted with paints, children will receive colorful ice, with which you can decorate the site.

If the snow is sticky, then it can be used as a building material and build a slide, a fortress, or just play snowballs. Taking some snow with me in group, pupils will be able to watch its transformation into water.

By introducing children to work, the teacher can offer them to cover trees and bushes with snow, repair snow buildings (if necessary, take part in the construction of a snow fort. walking games, it is important to ensure that all children are involved in this activity.

walk.

Planning the content of the activities of children on walk depends on the time of year, weather, previous types of direct educational activities, interests, age pupils and is built taking into account the main components walks.

The choice of the game depends on the season, weather, air temperature. On cold days it is advisable to start the walk with games of greater mobility associated with running, throwing, jumping. In wet, rainy weather (especially in spring and autumn) sedentary games should be organized that do not require a lot of space.

On warm spring and summer days and in early autumn, games with jumping, running, throwing, and balance exercises are organized. In hot weather, games with water become relevant. During walks plotless folk games with objects, games with elements of sports games are widely used.

It is also necessary to pay attention to the work activities of children, the organization of which depends on the weather and the season. For example, in the fall, pupils can collect flower seeds, harvest in the garden, in winter - shovel snow, make from it different structures... The results of this activity can be presented as part of a review competition for the best snow building on the territory of a preschool educational institution. At the same time, it is important for the teacher to take into account that work tasks should be within the reach of children.

Great place on walks assigned to observations (planned in advance) for natural phenomena and social life (including the labor of adults who work on the territory of the preschool educational institution or outside it). Observations can be carried out with group, a subgroup of pupils as well as individually.

Moreover, on walks work is being carried out to develop the speech of children. Together with the teacher, the pupils learn small poems, proverbs, sayings, nursery rhymes, lyrics, and also reinforce the pronunciation of "difficult" sounds. The main place during walks assigned to independent games of pupils.

During walks are important to keep all the kids busy. The teacher must ensure that the pupils do not freeze or overheat. About half an hour before the end walks the teacher organizes quiet games. Then the children collect toys and equipment.

Walk

Organization and conduct of a walk in kindergarten.

A walk is a very important regime moment in the life of children in a preschool educational institution.

Purpose of the walk - health promotion, prevention of fatigue, physical and mental development of children, restoration of functional resources of the body reduced in the process of activity.

Walking tasks :

Physical development of children- a walk is the most accessible means of hardening a child's body, it helps to increase its endurance and resistance to adverse environmental influences, especially to colds.

Optimization of physical activity - children move a lot during a walk, and movements increase metabolism, blood circulation, and improve appetite. Children learn to overcome obstacles, become more mobile, dexterous, courageous and resilient. They develop motor skills and abilities, strengthen the muscular system, increase vitality.

The mental development of children - children get a lot of new impressions and knowledge about their surroundings: about the work of adults, about transport, about traffic rules, etc. from observations they learn about the peculiarities of seasonal changes in nature, notice the connections between various phenomena, establish an elementary relationship. Observations arouse interest, questions to which they seek to find an answer. All this develops observation, expands ideas about the environment, awakens the thought and imagination of children.

Solving problems moral education- acquaintance with the hometown, its sights, the work of adults, the value of work for the life of children. Acquaintance with those around them contributes to the education in children of love for their hometown. Kids work in a flower garden - they cultivate hard work, love and respect for nature. They learn to notice her beauty. The abundance of colors, shapes, sounds in nature, their combination, repetition and variability - all this causes joyful experiences in children.

Thus, properly organized and thoughtful walks help to fulfill the tasks of the all-round development of children. For children in the fresh air, about four hours a day are given. The day regimen of the kindergarten provides for a day walk before lunch after educational activities and an evening walk after an afternoon snack. To achieve a health-improving effect in the summer, the daily regimen provides for the maximum stay of children in the fresh air, with breaks for eating and sleeping.

Planning a walk. When planning a walk, the main task of the educator is to provide an active, meaningful, varied and interesting activity for children: play, work, observation. When planning the content of the walk, the educator provides for a uniform alternation of calm and motor activity of children, the correct distribution of physical activity during the entire walk. The sequence and duration of different activities varies according to specific conditions: the season, the weather, the age of the children and the nature of their previous activities. The content of the evening walks is planned taking into account all the previous activities of the children.

Walk structure.

• Observation.
• Physical activity: outdoor games, sports games, sports exercises.
• Labor of children on the site.
• Individual work with children.
• Independent play activity.

Observation. A large place is given to observations (planned in advance) of natural phenomena and social life. Observation can be carried out with a whole group of children, with subgroups, as well as with individual babies. The teacher attracts children to observations in order to develop attention, interest in nature and social phenomena. The surrounding life and nature provide an opportunity for organizing interesting and varied observations. For example, you can pay attention to clouds, their shape, color, compare them with images known to children. It should also organize supervision of the work of adults who work near the kindergarten, for example, construction workers.

Physical activity. The leading place during the walk is given to games, mainly mobile ones. Basic movements develop in them, mental stress is removed, moral qualities are brought up.

On a walk, we turn on outdoor games:

2-3 games of great mobility;

2-3 games of low and medium mobility;

Children's choice games.

Outdoor play can be carried out at the beginning of the walk if the educational activity was associated with a long sitting of the children. If they go for a walk after a music or physical education lesson, then the game can be played in the middle of the walk or half an hour before its end.

The choice of the game depends on the season, weather, air temperature.

On cold days, it is advisable to start a walk with high mobility games associated with running, throwing, jumping. These games help children cope better in cold weather;

In wet, rainy weather (autumn, spring), sedentary games should be organized that do not require a lot of space;

On warm spring, summer days and early autumn, games with jumping, running, throwing, balance exercises should be carried out;

Water games are held in hot weather;

The use of plotless folk games with objects: ring throw, bowling pins; elements of sports games: towns, badminton, volleyball, football, hockey, etc .;

Useful games that expand children's knowledge and ideas about the environment. These are didactic games (blocks, bingo) and role-playing games (games with the family, astronauts, hospital, etc.). The teacher helps to develop the plot of the game, to select or create the material necessary for the game;

Outdoor games can be supplemented or replaced with sports exercises, sports games, games with elements of competition. Carry out sports activities. (In our kindergarten, according to the plan, once a week, physical education is carried out on the street).

Labor activity of children... The content and forms of its organization depend on the weather and

The time of the year.

So, in the fall, children collect flower seeds, crops in the garden; in winter they can shovel snow, make various structures out of it.

The teacher can involve children in collecting toys, providing all possible assistance in putting things in order at the site;

It is necessary to strive to make child labor joyful, helping toddlers to master useful skills and abilities. Labor assignments should be within the reach of children and, at the same time, require certain efforts from them. The teacher makes sure that they do their job well, bring the work started to the end.

Individual work with children... The teacher, in accordance with the planning (based on the results of the diagnosis of children), conducts individual work on the cognitive-speech, social-personal, physical or artistic-aesthetic development of children. For example, for some he organizes ball games, throwing at a target, for others - exercises for balance, for others, jumping off stumps, stepping over objects. Work is also carried out on the development of the child's speech: learning a nursery rhyme or a small poem, consolidating a sound that is difficult to pronounce, etc. You can carry out work on activity, theatrical performance in the warm season, etc.

Each of the mandatory components of the walk lasts from 7 to 15 minutes and is carried out against the background of independent activities of children

The caregiver must lead independent activity of children: provide them with complete safety, teach them to use the manuals in accordance with their intended purpose, to constantly monitor the activities throughout the walk. The teacher makes sure that all the children are busy, do not get bored, so that no one is cold or overheated. Those children who run a lot, he attracts to participate in quieter games.

The effectiveness of walks in a preschool institution is largely determined by the understanding of their importance, which is to:

Satisfy the child's natural biological need for movement;

To ensure the development and training of all systems and functions of the child's body through motor activity and physical activity specially organized for a given age;

Form skills in different types of movements;

Promote the development of the child's motor qualities and abilities;

Stimulate the functionality of each child and enhance children's independence;

To create optimal conditions for the versatile development of children: activation of mental activity, the search for adequate forms of behavior, the formation of positive emotional and moral-volitional manifestations of children.

To ensure a quality organization winter walks it is necessary to create certain conditions: to clear the area from snow, to build buildings for the development of basic movements (walking, running, exercise in balance, climbing, jumping, throwing).

The design of winter areas is not an easy job, requiring large physical costs. Therefore, the involvement of the parental community is imperative.

Every year we hold a review-competition of winter sites "The best design of a winter site". This competition is held in two stages: preparatory and final. In the preparatory stage, consultations are held on the preparation of the site, a master class on the design and decoration of the site with snow buildings. A month later, the final stage is carried out: inspection of plots, snow buildings, ornaments of verandas, compliance with the requirements for the age category of children, compliance with safety precautions at the site

Snow buildings :

• figures to consolidate the skills of balance.
• figures to step over.
• figures for throwing exercises.
• figures for crawling.
• slides for rolling.

Great importance must be attached to the prevention of injuries while walking. The buildings must be solid and smooth. When building slides, the following requirements are met:

In the 1st junior group - a height of 70-80 cm with a slope of 3 m, a landing area of ​​1.5 m * 1.5 m must be made on top.To the right of the slope is a ladder (steps height 12-14 cm, width 25 cm. Slide width 50 -60 cm with bumpers along the edge of the slope up to 10 cm) + slide for dolls.

In 2 ml. group - height 80-90cm.

In the middle group - a height of 90-100 cm, with a slope of 4-5 m, the other parameters are the same.

In senior and preparatory groups - a height of 1-1.2 m, with a slope of 5-6 m, the height of the steps is 14 cm, the other parameters are the same.

SANPIN REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF THE WALK
Perhaps it is difficult to overestimate the importance of a walk in kindergarten. On a walk, children actively move, breathe fresh air, learn about the world around them, and get used to work. All this is beneficial for the health, physical and mental development of children.

Sanitary norms (SanPiN of May 15, 2013 N 26 ON APPROVAL OF SANPIN 2.4.1.3049-13 "Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for the device, maintenance and organization of the mode of operation in preschool organizations) determine that the daily duration of a walk for children is at least 3-4 hours.

The walk is organized 2 times a day: in the first half - before lunch and in the second half - after a nap or before the children leave home. When the air temperature is below -15 ° C and the wind speed is more than 7 m / s, the duration of the walk is reduced. The walk is not carried out when the air temperature is below -15 ° С and the wind speed is more than 15 m / s for children under 4 years old, and for children 5-7 years old - when the air temperature is below minus 20 ° С and the wind speed is more than 15 m / s;

During the walk, the pupils' physical activity and rational clothing are provided, depending on weather conditions, including in winter.

The reason for the frequent morbidity of the child cannot be directly related to the walking in the kindergarten. On the contrary, in the kindergarten, physical education and health activities are carried out aimed at strengthening the health of each child.

Requirements for equipping the kindergarten territory:
1. It is necessary to inspect the areas daily before walking:
all equipment on the site must be in good condition (without sharp corners, nails, roughness and protruding bolts),
small play forms, physical education aids, etc. must meet the age of children and the requirements of SanPiN;
2. Portable and didactic material for children's games, should correspond to the autumn-winter period. Toys must be hygienic, not broken, for different types of play activities, allowing the motor load to be adjusted in accordance with the season of the year and the age of children;
3. The fences of the kindergarten should not have holes, openings in order to avoid the entry of stray dogs and the unauthorized departure of children;
4. Pits on the territory must be filled up, wells closed with heavy covers;
5. If dangerous and suspicious objects are found on the site, immediately inform the administration (security guard), take the children to another site or room;
6. The gates of the kindergarten must be bolted;
7. In case of unauthorized departure of the child to search for him, immediately send the employee and report the incident to the nearest police station;
8. Requirements for the manufacture of snow structures (slides, paths for sliding, snow, etc.) must be met.

When organizing walks in the autumn - winter period, you should:
1. Dress children in accordance with the temperature conditions, do not allow:
- frostbite, hypothermia or overheating of the child's body;
- wetting of children's clothes, shoes;
2. Protect children from the effects of the following hazards characteristic of the autumn-winter period:
- injuries during games on areas not cleared of snow, ice;
- injuries from icicles falling from roofs, hanging blocks of snow during the thaw;
- falling from slides, in cases where the teacher does not have insurance
(to provide control and direct insurance by the teacher during rolling down a slide, climbing, jumping off a hill, sports equipment, throwing);
- Injury: metal or wooden racks of objects sticking out of the ground, low stumps on playgrounds for outdoor games, injections with broken glass, dry branches, twigs on trees, bushes, splinters from sticks, boards, wooden toys, etc.;
- trauma to the feet of pupils: in the presence of pits and potholes in the area, when jumping from stationary equipment without the caregiver's insurance;
- injuries when sliding on an ice track;
- when organizing the work of preschoolers;
- injuries, bruises during games with sports elements;
- injuries, bruises during games on a wet and slippery ground;
- injuries, bruises when riding on feet from ice slides, on sledges, while moving into icy conditions along slippery paths, outdoor steps, areas not cleared of snow, ice and not sprinkled with sand;
- injuries from touching metal structures with open parts of the body (face, hands, tongue, lips) on a frosty day;
To not allow:
- infection with gastrointestinal diseases, acute respiratory infections, if the child takes dirty and cold snow, icicles in his mouth.
- to clear the roofs of all buildings from snow, icicles - to sprinkle with sand.

Each educator and all his substitute teachers should teach children to recognize dangerous situations in illustrations, explain to children.
Coordinate with the senior nurse, head of the possibility of going out for a walk, depending on the state of weather conditions, air temperature.
The teacher must inspect the clothes, shoes of the pupils for compliance with weather conditions.
Children should always be provided with spare things in case of bad weather, which parents bring in advance for this;

Safety requirements while walking
1. It is not allowed to organize a walk, work on one play area at the same time for 2 groups of pupils, the presence of parents on an evening walk
2. The teacher provides supervision, control over the quiet exit of the pupils from the room and descending from the porch, do not run, do not push; dr.
Additional safety requirements when walking in winter:
1. Provide control and direct insurance of pupils by the teacher while sliding on ice paths, sledding;
2. Make sure that when sledding the next child waits patiently until the child rolling down in front of him reaches the end of the slope, slide;
3. Do not allow children to sit with their backs to the slope when sliding down the hill on a sled;
4. Make sure that children do not put dirty snow, icicles in their mouths;
5. If frost and wind intensify, take the children to the kindergarten;

Safety requirements in situations while walking:
1. All employees who temporarily replace the teacher in the group take on the responsibility of saving the children.
2. In the event of unforeseen situations, it is necessary:
- to ensure the safety of children;
- make sure that there is no dangerous situation;
- inform the administration about the incident, provide first aid in case of an accident;
- inform the rescue service by phone if the situation requires it.

Safety requirements at the end of the walk
1. To organize a calm entrance of pupils into the premises of the kindergarten (the 1st subgroup passes and undresses under the supervision of the teacher's assistant, the 2nd - under the supervision of the teacher).
2. To clear the outer clothing of pupils, shoes from snow, dirt, sand.
3. Check how the pupils put their clothes in the lockers. If necessary, change the pupils' clothes into dry clothes and underwear.
4. Organize the performance of hygiene procedures: going to the toilet, washing hands with soap.
5. Ensure drying of wet clothes, shoes after rain or in winter

Types of walks in kindergarten

1. At the venue:

On the territory of the kindergarten site;

Outside the territory of the kindergarten (possible in older groups, over short distances).

Traditional, which includes the labor activity of children (cleaning leaves, snow, etc.), active and quiet games, etc.;

Thematic: consisting of observations and conversations on a specific topic (animals, clouds, trees, city transport, etc.), can be a street theatrical performance, a quest with overcoming simple obstacles - requires a prepared script in advance;

Target: organized going outside the territory of the kindergarten, for a short distance (up to 2 km);

Excursion (usually museum): once a month, starting with the middle group;

Hike: can be held 1-2 times a year in older groups.

Conclusion. So, the process of raising children is continuous. Great potential opportunities for the all-round harmonious development of the child's personality are laid in the process of upbringing and educational work with children in the conditions of a walk. Here, like nowhere else, babies are provided with unique conditions for all-round development, their needs for active movements, for independent actions when familiarizing themselves with the world around them, for new vivid impressions, in free play, both with natural material and with toys, are fully satisfied. However, due to age characteristics, babies themselves cannot use all the time they walk with maximum benefit for their development. An adult must pedagogically correctly guide their activities.

In the process of daily outdoor games and physical exercises for a walk, the motor experience of children expands, their skills in basic movements are improved; dexterity, speed, endurance develop; independence, activity, positive relationships with peers are formed.

Kovaleva T.Yu., senior educator