The story "Chudik", according to Shukshin's classification, belongs to the "story-destiny" type. A freak is a certain image, which aroused the interest of Shukshin the writer. In the plot of the story, in a short episode, whole life... The reader guesses both the past and the future of the hero.

Problematic

Shukshin's story raises a favorite problem - the relationship between urban and rural residents. Chudik notes that "in the village, people are better, more clean." He cites the example of his fellow villagers who have become a Hero Soviet Union and a Knight of Glory of three degrees. The eccentric values ​​his country life, even the air, he is not going to change it to the city one.

Another important story problem is family relationships which can be based on love and trust or on mutual dissatisfaction (brother's family). Many stories about weirdos raise the problem of the relationship between an eccentric with a childish outlook on life, living with a heart, and people who are driven by reasonable pragmatism.

Heroes of the story

The protagonist of the story is called Freak... This is what his wife called him, often in a negative context. The word "freak" has become the definition of a typical Shukshin hero. The peculiarity of these heroes is that they are simple, artless, not adapted to life and inconvenient for loved ones. Something happens to them all the time, and this prevents others from living. They harm inadvertently, wishing others well. Freaks are infantile, they live by the heart.

Such is the Chudik. His portrait emphasizes simplicity and good-naturedness, he looks like an infant: a round fleshy face, round bluish-white eyes. The author immediately informs that Chudik does not know how to joke, pretends that he is not afraid of a long journey, respects city people. All these character traits are also childish, although the hero is 39 years old.

A teenage desire to impress makes Chudik "cheerfully and witty" inform the queue that there is a 50-ruble piece of paper (half the monthly salary) at the counter. It seems to the eccentric that he succeeded. But the reader already knows that Chudik does not know how to joke. Even finding that it was he who lost the money, Chudik does not dare to take it. As a teenager, he is not confident in himself and is afraid that he will be condemned and the piece of paper will not be returned.

A freak is afraid even of his wife, as a child is afraid of a mother's abuse. Indeed, his wife hit him on the head a couple of times with a slotted spoon.

People notice the simplicity of the Chudik and teach him how to live, make remarks to him, although he tries to please everyone.

When he picks up a passenger's denture on the plane, he scolds Chudik for picking it up with his dirty hands. The strict telegraph operator refuses to send a telegram to his wife in verse, reminding him that he is “an adult. Not in kindergarten. " Daughter-in-law Sofya Ivanovna also makes a remark when Chudik sings loudly (from her point of view - yells): "You're not at the station." Chudik's best work is decorating a baby carriage. Chudik is a master of his craft, he has already painted the stove, "that everyone was amazed."

Shukshin leads the reader to the idea that the weird and abnormal is not a Chudik at all, but those around him who reject the manifestation of feelings and the feelings themselves, calling them kisses and snot.

There is no anger in Chudik, which is why it is so hard for him to bear anger in others: "When he was hated, he was in great pain." Faced with hatred, Chudik loses the meaning of life, does not fight, but leaves.

Chudik's brother Dmitry and his daughter-in-law Sofya Ivanovna- come from the countryside, but live in the city. Dmitry longs for his homeland, asks his brother about home and dreams of coming with his family to visit. Sofya Ivanovna seeks to break all old ties and dreams of a career, as she understands it. Sophia considers her husband and his brother to be losers, because they are from the village. Her career is that she works as a barmaid in some kind of management. She also prepares children for a successful city life, according to her father, tortures them on "pianos" and on figure skating. According to Shukshin's plan, she is made by an evil break with her native village, with nature. Although it is difficult not to get angry if a stroller (an expensive thing) is decorated with children's paints, which are washed off with water at the first rain. So Shukshin does not take sides in the conflict.

Plot and composition

The plot of the story is Chudik's journey to his brother, whom he has not seen for 12 years, to a city in the Urals. The journey is fraught with many dangers, the hero is going through adventures: he loses money and is forced to return back for new ones, the plane lands on a potato field at the risk of passengers' lives. Fate seems to be opposing the Chudik, and not by chance. Throughout the journey, Chudik feels himself insignificant, several times out loud asks himself the question: "Why am I this way?" This is a question about the meaning of life: why is the hero different from others and how can he live in peace with other people?

The story is divided into three parts. In the first, the hero comes up with the idea to visit his brother. The second part is the journey itself (bus - train - plane - brother's house).

The third part is the decision to return home and the return itself. The hero feels great happiness from the fact that he comes to a familiar environment where he feels not a freak, but useful and the right person, who knows how to work: he blocked the roof in the house and built a veranda, works in the village as a projectionist.

The name of the protagonist and his profession appear in the last paragraph of the story, after describing a particularly "village" and "childish" act: Chudik returned home and ran barefoot, taking off his boots in the rain.

The plot of the story, if we omit everyday details, corresponds to the folklore plot of the fairy tale "Whatever the husband does, that's good." A man changes property at a loss for himself, remaining with nothing, but his wife is glad that he came home safe and sound. The reader leaves the hero just at the moment when he comes to the house. It can be assumed that his wife will meet him like the wife from a fairy tale, but the ending of the story is open. But brother Dmitry's wife does not look like a fairy tale.

Stylistic features

The story has few dialogues compared to other stories by Shukshin. The character of the hero is revealed through his actions and through an internal monologue. The reader sees the world through the eyes of the Chudik, from his point of view, evaluates the words and actions of other people. That is why the reader takes ironically Chudik's remark that his wife and daughter-in-law are "not evil, but crazy."

Having shifted the point of view towards the perception of the childish or the miraculous, Shukshin encourages the reader to ask himself the question whether he himself does not miss anything in life.

In his works, Shukshin often used images ordinary people... He looked for them among the people. Most often he was interested in unusual images. Despite the fact that many did not immediately understand them, they were distinguished by their closeness to the Russian people. It is this image that we were able to see, studying the story of Shukshin Chudik. And in order to get acquainted with its meaning and understand what the story of Vasily Shukshin teaches, we offer it and.

Brief retelling of the plot

If we talk briefly about the plot, then at the very beginning we get to know Vasily Yegorovich Knyazev. However, Knyazev's wife often calls her husband simply - Chudik. The peculiarity of this person is the eternal stories in which he fell. Something constantly happens to Chudik, and so he decides to go to his brother in the Urals. Chudik had been planning this trip for a long time, because for twelve years he had not seen his own blood. The trip came true, but it was not without adventures.

So, at the beginning of his journey, Chudik decides to buy gifts for his nephews. There, in the store, he saw a fifty-ruble bill, and believes that someone had dropped it. But he did not dare to raise other people's money. That's just the trouble, the money turned out to be his. Unable to overpower himself in order to take the money, he goes home to withdraw money from the book again. Naturally, at home he receives a scolding from his wife.

The next situation happened to the hero when he was flying in an airplane. For certain reasons, the plane has to land not on the runway, but in an open field. Here, the neighbor who was sitting next to Chudik, from the experience and from the shaking, falls out of his jaw. The hero wants to help and raises the denture, for which he receives not gratitude, but a statement. Another would answer or be offended, but our Chudik also invites his neighbor on a trip to visit his brother to boil his jaw there. This self-confident man did not expect such a reaction, and then the telegraph operator orders to change the text of the telegram that Chudik wants to send to his wife.

In his brother's house, Vasily feels hostility, which comes from his daughter-in-law. She despises the villagers, even though she herself comes from the village. However, he wants in every possible way to forget everything rural in order to be fully considered urban. So he treats the villager Vasily with hostility. The brothers have to go outside and there indulge in memories.

In the morning Chudik discovered that he was left alone at home. In order to somehow soften his brother's wife, he decides to decorate the stroller by painting it. Then I went for a walk around the city. He returned only in the evening and saw how the husband and wife were arguing. The reason was he and the painted carriage. In order not to annoy his daughter-in-law anymore, Chudik goes back home. This hurt the hero, and in order to somehow gain peace of mind, he wanted to walk barefoot on the ground, which was soaked with steam rain.

The main characters of the story Chudik

The main character of Shukshin's story is a thirty-nine-year-old Chudik. This is what his wife calls him, even though his name was Vasily from birth. The image of the hero is ingenuous and simple. This is a person who did not dare to take his money, considering it strangers, and put it on the counter. And when he discovered that it was his bill, he did not dare to return for them. Afraid that the queue will think that he is taking someone else's.

Vasily Yegorych is a timid, inert creature, and his fate, for all its touchingness, in general, is not very instructive. No special conclusions for any of the dog do not follow. There are, of course, the interests of higher humanism, and they seem to demand that people, when meeting such freaks, show more sensitivity, tolerance, if not participation. By…

We are so arranged that we reckon only with the fact that tan or otherwise concerns ourselves, participates in our life - whether in a positive or negative way. Weirdos like Vasily Yegorych, for us, are completely indifferent, but we just do not have enough time or generosity to delve into all the "valid" reasons for their absurd actions. Yes, however, after all, they themselves will do nothing in order to be taken seriously. For at each of their involuntary collisions with reality, they can only, guiltily, rub the resulting bruise and ask themselves the question: “Why am I like this? is there something? "

There are, however, situations when you still have to take the freaks seriously.

In 1973, six years after The Chudik, Shukshin wrote the story "Strokes for a Portrait. Some specific thoughts II. N. Knyazev, a person and a citizen ”. The hero of the story, a certain Nikolai Nikolaevich Knyazev, an elderly man who works as a television master in a district town, is also from the breed of freaks. He, like his namesake Vasily Yegorych (a detail, in my opinion, very remarkable), also gets into all sorts of strange stories at every step, and also not by any special coincidence of circumstances, but solely by the properties of his character. True, he is distinguished from Vasily Yegorych in many ways. He, as we remember, was timid, passive and simply stupid. This one, on the contrary, is active, proud, prickly. And even clever in his own way, despite the obvious absurdity of the idea to which he subordinated his life. In any case, in many of his judgments, not | Looking (I repeat once again) at the absurdity of the initial premise, one feels the experience of intense and concentrated spiritual work, and this is always a sign of intellectual independence.

Nikolai Nikolaevich also "stalled". He stalled on the theory of an "expedient state", on the fact, in particular, that, in his opinion, people do not understand the highest expediency of social division. Another of the heroes of "The Brothers Karamazov" drew attention to the potential ambiguity of the Gogol symbol. “In my sinful opinion,” he said, “the brilliant artist ended this way either in a fit of an innocent, infantile splendor of thought, or simply being afraid of the then censorship. For if only his heroes, the Sobakevichs, Nozdrevs and Chichikovs, are harnessed to his troika, then no matter who you put as a coachman, you can't get to anything worthwhile on such mines! "

The state seems to him to be something like a huge anthill, in which the activity of each ant is wholly and exclusively subordinated to common interests. In the preface to his extensive work “Thoughts about the State”, which, in his opinion, should finally open people's eyes, he writes: “With sadness and surprise, I began to ask myself:“ What would happen if we , how did the ants carry the maximum to the state? " Just think: no one steals, drinks, or lags - everyone in their place puts their brick in this grandiose building ... I realized that one global thought about the state should subdue all concrete thoughts about our life and behavior. "

This is, so to speak, theoretical side views of Nikolai Nikolaevich, and if the matter was only in her, then all his "eccentricity" would be reduced, apparently, only to the fact that he invents the wheel. It would be a completely harmless strangeness and, in fact, does not concern anyone - you never know eccentrics in the world.

The whole point, however, is that the views of Nikolai Nikolaevich are not just “some concrete thoughts II. N. Knyazev, a person and a citizen ”, but his very life position, moreover, the position is active, even offensive. Op not only theorizes - he judges everyone and everything, at every step proving to people how far they are and) far from an ideal person. A person came, say, on vacation to the village, wants to walk in the woods, go fishing at his leisure - in a word, to spend time in accordance with his usual ideas about rest. Nikolai Nikolaevich sees this as a clear deviation this person(in the story this is a certain Silchenko) from his duties to society, almost desertion from the labor front. And he brings down on the head of the poor vacationer a cloud of all sorts of important scribbles, sarcastic parables, ridicule, direct denunciations, in response to which the initially complacent Silchenko resolutely takes up the log. The theoretical dispute thus turns into a serious scandal.

The collision with Silchenko looks somewhat anecdotal, and this is probably why moral basis views and actions of Nikolai Nikolaevich remains not entirely clear to us, shaded by the obvious absurdity of his logic. But the next episode - the incident with the tipsy electrician - clarifies this basis very definitely.

I think no one will reproach Nikolai Nikolayevich for the fact that in this whole episode he acted, so to speak, with an excess of authority. In any case, it can be understood: watching a young guy "gurgle" from his pocket into a glass is indeed an unpleasant occupation. And therefore, Nikolai Nikolaevich's attempt to explain to this pariah something about the "problem of free time" does not seem to us to be some too crude violence against the individual. Many in the place of Nikolai Nikolaevich would probably have done the same. And nevertheless, the matter again ends in a scandal, and what a scandal! The Prophet is stoned again.

But what happened? Why, with all the fact that Nikolai Nikolaevich seems to be right around him, did he get it hard again? It remains, apparently, only to assume that - his offender is to blame for everything - he did not understand, a stupid person, good morals, was offended, climbed with fists ...

But here's what is strange: whether because we already know the absurd character of Nikolai Nikolaevich (and therefore we are not in a hurry to sympathize with him), or is it a matter of some special shade of the author's intonation, but for some reason this offender does not cause us that noble indignation with which Nikolai Nikolaevich treated him. Indeed, for what, in fact, should we condemn the young guy?

Within the limits of general reasoning, Nikolai Nikolayevich, "as always", is right: thoughtlessness, drunkenness are harmful, a person must strive, etc. But at the same time, we understand why, listening to these common truths, the young man clenches his teeth more and more tightly. No, but because he does not understand these truths, it is not at all because. He does not agree with the other - that they are trying to convince him that he is the very person who slows down social development... Nikolai Nikolaevich, as you can see, generalizes all the time: since a person entered the zoo just like that, without a thoughtful intention to “learn something useful for himself,” it means that he is generally a “tree” floating with the flow; if this person drank on the weekend "for the mood" - therefore, he is a drunkard who has no other interests than "blowing the booze". And if so, then, therefore, this person is an antisocial element unworthy to be admitted to that "liner" which ... etc. Total. The sublime preaching of Nikolai Nikolaevich, thus, turns into an ordinary, although, of course, not a deliberate provocation.

Moral dogmatism, intolerance ... Are we, however, too strict with Nikolai Nikolaevich? Are we not showing the same excessive intolerance towards him that we are inclined to accuse him of? Indeed, as many critics quite rightly point out, Nikolai Nikolaevich, for all the obvious absurdity of his behavior, still evokes in us a feeling much more complex than just hostility. One cannot, for example, disagree with I. Dedkov: “What is happening to us, why does our irritation against Nikolai Nikolaevich Knyazev seem to dissipate? Little by little, in this annoying and biting creature, like an autumn fly, something immensely pitiful and sorrowful, joylessly conscientious and uselessly honest is revealed to us, and in his street tirades and in quotes from those ill-fated notebooks, both meaning and reason are suddenly revealed, and even logic, almost iron We will feel that in the desperately helpless, amusing antics of this person there is a clear consciousness of his right to thought, a clear understanding of the tragedy of the role that he so wants to play ... "

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Vasily Makarovich Shukshin is known to the whole world not only as a wonderful actor, film director and screenwriter, but above all as a talented writer who, in his small works, showed the life of ordinary people. The story "Chudik", according to Wikipedia, was written by him in 1967 and immediately published in the magazine "New World".

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Genre and style features

Vasily Shukshin in his story "Chudik", which can be read online at any time, shows a small episode of his hero's life, which reflects his entire fate. From this small passage, his whole life becomes clear and understandable: both what the protagonist had in the past, and what awaits him in the future.

If you compare this story by Vasily Shukshin with the rest of his works presented in print and online, you will notice that there are very few dialogues in it. But on the other hand, in the monologue of the protagonist, which he constantly pronounces inside himself, you can see his idea of ​​the world, find out what he lives with, what emotions overwhelm him. Shukshin's ingenuous hero "Chudik", summary, which is in this article, appears to the reader in such a way that somewhere he wants to sympathize, and somewhere else it is possible to condemn.

The problematic of the story

In the story "Chudik" Vasily Shukshin raises a problem that can be traced in many of his works. The relationship between the inhabitants of the city and the village has always been and remains urgent problem... The main character notices that the people in the village are simple, hard-working. They want to change their life for another. ... Among them there are heroes that the village can be proud of..

Another important problem is raised in the story "Chudik" - family relationships, which should be based on love, trust and understanding. Unfortunately, this is not always the case.

Heroes of the story

Despite the fact that in Shukshin's story there is only one main character, but there are many minor persons. This allows you to understand the content of the story. Among all actors the following can be distinguished:

Plot and composition

The plot of the work - this is Chudik's journey from his native village to the city where his brother lives. With Dmitry, who misses the village life, the main character has not seen for 12 years. On the road with Chudik, something constantly happens: either he loses money, then the plane is forced to land on a potato field.

Shukshin's story is divided into three parts:

1. Chudik's thoughts about going to visit his brother.
2. Journey.
3. Homecoming.

The wife of the protagonist called differently. Most often weird, but sometimes affectionate. It was known that the main character had one peculiarity: something constantly happened to him, and from this he suffered greatly.

Once, having received leave, he decided to go to visit his brother, who lived in the Urals and with whom they had not seen for a long time. He took a long time to pack his bags... And in the early morning he was already walking with a suitcase through the village, answering everyone's questions about where he was going.

Arriving in the city and taking a ticket, Chudik decided to go shopping to buy gifts for his daughter-in-law and nephews. When he had already bought gingerbread and a chocolate bar, he walked away and suddenly noticed that 50 rubles remained on the floor near the counter. He spoke to the people in line, but the owner of the money was not found. The money was put on the counter in the hope that soon the one who had lost himself would come for it.

Walking away from the store, Chudik suddenly remembered that he also had a 50-ruble note. He put his hand into his pocket where it was lying, but there was no money there. He did not dare to return and take the money, thinking that he would be accused of deception. The hero then had to return home to withdraw money from the savings bank and listen to his wife's speech about how insignificant he is.

Already sitting on the train, Knyazev began to calm down a little. In the carriage, I decided to tell some intelligent comrade a story about a drunken guy from a neighboring village. But his interlocutor decided that Chudik himself invented this story. Therefore, the hero fell silent before transferring to the plane. The hero was scared to fly, and his neighbor was taciturn and read the newspaper all the time.

When they began to land, the pilot "missed" and instead of the landing strip, they ended up in a potato field. The neighbor, who had decided not to buckle up when boarding, was now looking for his artificial jaw. Knyazev decided to help him and immediately found her... But instead of gratitude, the bald reader began to scold him for grabbing his jaw with dirty hands.

When he decided to send a telegram to his wife, the telegraph operator scolded him and demanded that he rewrite the text, because he is an adult, and the content of his message was like kindergarten... And the girl did not even want to hear that he always wrote letters to his wife like that.

The daughter-in-law immediately disliked Vasily. She ruined his whole vacation. On the first night when he and his brother drank, and Chudik decided to sing, she immediately demanded that Vasily stop yelling. But further the daughter-in-law did not allow them to sit quietly, remembering their childhood years. The brothers went out into the street and began to talk about how wonderful and heroic people left the village.

Dmitry complained about his wife, how she tortured him, demanding responsibility. Wanting to forget that she too grew up in the country, she tortured the piano, figure skating and children. In the morning Vasily looked around the apartment and, wanting to do something pleasant to his daughter-in-law, decided to paint the baby carriage. He spent over an hour on art, but it turned out very nicely. Vasily went shopping, buying gifts for his nephews. And when he returned home again, he heard his daughter-in-law swearing with his brother.

Vasily hid in a shed in the yard. Late in the evening, Dmitry came there, saying that there was no need to paint the stroller. The eccentric, realizing that his daughter-in-law had taken a strong dislike to him, decided to leave home. Dmitry did not contradict him.

Arriving home, he walked along the familiar street, while it was raining. Suddenly, the man took off his shoes and ran on the wet ground, which was still warm. He, holding his boots and a suitcase, still jumped up and down and sang loudly as he walked. The rain gradually stopped, and the sun began to peep through.

In one place Vasily Yegorovich slipped and nearly fell. His name was Vasily Yegorych Knyazev. He was 39 years old. Chudik worked as a village projectionist. In childhood, he dreamed of becoming a spy. Therefore, his hobby all these years have been dogs and detectives..

Image national character in V. Shukshin's story "Chudik"

V. Shukshin is a wonderful Russian writer. His stories are amazing and touching in their closeness to life. In their center is a simple Russian person, the most ordinary one. The author reveals his image in all the fullness and complexity of life, showing the national originality.

The colorful, folk character is shown by V. Shuk-shin in the story "Chudik". His hero, Vasily Egorovich Knyazev, is a simple rural projectionist. He is not spiteful, simple-minded, sincere, open-hearted, like a child. Kindness does not allow him to gain the upper hand in family life, he only tries sometimes to look sternly with “round blue-white eyes.” But his wife fearlessly can hit him on the head a couple of times with a slotted spoon. At the same time, evil does not arise in Knyazev's soul, he dearly loves his wife, writes her romantic messages, like a seventeen-year-old boy (“A branch of lilac fell on my chest, dear Pear, don’t forget me”). He subscribes to this masterpiece simply: "Vasyatka". And that's what he is all about. Yes, he is a simple village guy, Vasyatka, and not some kind of Vasily His-growl, a thirty-nine-year-old man.

The title of the story is "Chudik". This is said about Knyazev. Due to his innocence, artlessness in behavior, he constantly gets into some kind of story. The eccentric does not want this, he suffers deeply, but he cannot help himself. An episode with a fifty-ruble bill is very indicative in this regard. Having found her, Chudik is delighted that he can please someone with his magnificent find. He does not even have a thought to appropriate it, silently leave. Amazing, crystal honesty makes Vasily shout about the find to the whole store. He feels like a hero noble knight... A few minutes later Chudik realizes that fifty rubles belongs to him. But a feeling of shame does not allow him to return to the store and report the loss. After all, no one will believe him now. Preparing to receive a thrashing from his wife, Vasily returns home.

"Killed by his insignificance, which his wife explained to him again," the hero sets out on a journey again. His behavior on the plane is interesting. The eccentric is shy, surprised by everything and does not hide his surprise. The eccentric is opposed by his neighbor, who reads the newspaper. Important and pompous, he refuses to join the conversation, demonstrates his superiority to the Chudik. He does not fasten the belts during landing and, even having lost his denture during landing, does not utter a word. Vasily, discovering the loss of his neighbor, cheerfully informs him of this, hoping to make him happy. "Why is it necessary to touch with your hands!" - the "reader" exclaims with disgust. But his words do not offend Chudik, he calmly informs that he has no germs, which shocks the annoyed neighbor.

Vasily's brother, having met him, is sincerely happy. He is happy to finally communicate with his own soul. Life is not easy for Dmitry, there is a lot of "anger" in his wife, She herself is from the village, a barmaid in management, Sophia respects only "responsible" and leaders. Her husband and her brother who came to him are not the same. For which she constantly "nags" Dmitry and for which she hated the innocent Vasily in front of her. “In the village, people are better, not sweaty,” her husband tries to prove to her, but Sophia has her own opinion on this matter. She also brings up children "in a special way": "she tortured them on the pianos", "she recorded them in figure skating." Such an upbringing strategy is incomprehensible to either Dmitry or Vasily, who see the true value in simplicity and kindness. Many of their fellow countrymen have become worthy people being brought up in a tree. In fact, there is nothing wrong with Sophia's approach to education, but she forgot her own roots, renounced them, treats them with contempt, and this causes the author's condemnation. Trying to please Sophia, Chudik paints a baby carriage and only then realizes that a person like her "will not understand folk art."

Returning home, to his native element, causes sincere joy in Chudik. Barefoot, he runs on the warm wet ground, jumps high and loudly sings his favorite song. He is happy and free from those prejudices that prevented him from being himself in the city. The author admires it, and the reader admires it too.

Only one story by Shukshin bears the name "Chudik". But Shuk-shin has many heroes like Vasily. All of them are united, according to the researcher B. Pankin, awkwardness, benevolence to the point of improbability, shyness, compliance and pride, unhappiness and the ability to never lose heart.