Soviet-Finnish
war (1939-1940)
{

19391940gg
not
her
ae
 Sov tskof nsk wars 1939-1940
yae
years (Sovetskofinl Ndskaya
war, third war
,) - armed
conflict between the USSR and Finland in
period from November 30, 1939 to March 12
1940 of the year.
not

 On November 26, 1939, the USSR government sent a note of protest
to the Finnish government regarding the shelling,
which, according to the statement Soviet side, was committed with
Finnish territory. Responsibility for starting the military
action was completely entrusted to Finland. War
ended with the signing of the Moscow Peace Treaty. As part of
The USSR turned out to be 11% of the territory of Finland (from the second to
the largest city of Vyborg). 430 thousand Finnish residents were
forcibly resettled by Finland from the front-line areas
inland and lost their property.
Start.

 According to a number of historians, this
offensive USSR against
Finland belongs to the Second World War
war The outbreak of hostilities led to
the fact that in December 1939 the USSR as
the aggressor was expelled from the League of Nations

Finland
Swedish
voluntarily
Estonia
United Kingdom
Opponents of the USSR

K. E. Voroshilov
S. K. Timoshenko
K. G. E. Mannerheim
Hyalmar Siilasvuo
commanders

According to the statements of the Soviet side, the goal
The USSR was to achieve by military means what was not
managed to make it peaceful: ensure security
Leningrad, which was dangerously close
from the border and in the event of a war (in which
Finland was ready to provide its
territory to the enemies of the USSR as a springboard)
would inevitably have been captured in the early days (or even
watch). In 1931, Leningrad was separated from
region and became a city of republican
submission. Part of the boundaries of some subordinates
The Leningrad City Council of the territories was at the same time
border between the USSR and Finland
Causes of the war

Cartridges for rifles, assault rifles and machine guns - by 2.5
shells for mortars, field guns and howitzers - by 1
months;
month;
fuels and lubricants - for 2 months;
aviation gasoline - for 1 month.
Military establishment

By March 1940, the Finnish government realized that,
despite demands for continued resistance,
no military aid except for volunteers and weapons,
Finland will not receive from the allies. After the breakout
"Mannerheim Line" Finland was deliberately not in
able to contain the advance of the Red Army. Got up
the real threat of complete capture of the country, behind which
would follow either annexation to the USSR, or a change
government to the pro-Soviet.
Therefore, the Finnish government turned to the USSR with
a proposal to start peace negotiations... March 7 at
A Finnish delegation arrived in Moscow, and on March 12 there was
peace treaty concluded
Completed by: Prokhorova
I.A. Teacher of history

Slide 1

History teacher of the MOU Lyceum in Lobnya Paperis Alexander Viktorovich

Soviet-Finnish war of 1939-1940.

"Unknown", "unknown", "winter" war.

Slide 2

Main questions

Soviet-Finnish relations in 1918-1939 Causes of the war and intentions of the parties Armed forces of the USSR and Finland The defensive system of the Mannerheim line. The reasons for the failure of the Red Army at the beginning of the war. Peace Treaty March 12, 1940 Why The Unknown War? The war is over, but the problems remain! Russian-Finnish relations today.

Slide 3

Soviet-Finnish relations in 1918-1938

Finland - 1-orientation towards Germany, 2-orientation towards England and France. Maintaining independence. Scandinavian neutrality. Fear of aggression from the USSR. USSR - dissatisfaction with the security of the borders on the part of Finland. For socialist Finland.

Slide 4

Why did the negotiations of 1938-1939 come to a standstill?

The Finns did not want to cede territory on the Karelian Isthmus and the Gulf of Finland and conclude a non-aggression pact with the USSR dissatisfied with the security of the borders from Finland and the Gulf of Finland

Slide 5

Armed forces of the USSR and Finland

Slide 6

Causes of the war and intentions of the parties

USSR Fear of military contacts between the Finns and Britain and Germany. Move the border. Control the Gulf of Finland. Secure Murmansk. Bring Soviet power to the Finns.

Finland Defense of its borders. Maintaining independence. Hope for help from England and France.

Slide 7

Who provoked the war?

Artillery shots near the village of Mainila - a pretext for war? From which side of the border was the shelling fired? Were there any shots? November 30, 1939 - the beginning of the war.

Slide 8

Opponent agitation

Soviet Union Finland

Slide 9

Defensive system of the Mannerheim line.

The length is 14o km. Lakes, swamps, rivers, 210 bunkers, 546 bunkers. Army 100 thousand, 460 guns, 200 aircraft, 25 tanks. Forest blockages, minefields, 45 rows of wire fences Concrete anti-tank structures

Slide 10

The main characters

Slide 11

The reasons for the failures of the Red Army at the beginning of the war

Miscalculations of the political leadership of the USSR. Military Command Errors. Unpreparedness of the army and erroneous tactics of military operations. The endurance of the Finnish army.

Slide 12

Breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line

Courage and resourcefulness Soviet soldiers New tactics of hostilities Numerical and technical superiority of the Red Army Capture of Vyborg

Slide 13

War theaters

On the Karelian Isthmus In the north and in the center of Karelia On the Baltic coast Fighting in the air

Slide 14

USSR Acquired territory Lost in killed 70 thousand Lost in wounded 176 thousand

Finland Lost territory Lost killed 23 thousand. Lost 44 thousand wounded.

Slide 15

Why "unknown war"?

1. The USSR made territorial claims against Finland. 2. The USSR was the first to start hostilities 3. The USSR was expelled from the League of Nations as an aggressor 4. The victory over the Finnish army was not given "little blood" 5. The USSR, despite the victory, suffered a moral defeat in this war.

Slide 16

The war is over, but the problems remain!

War with Finland in 1941-1944. Peace treaty with Finland. Is the territorial issue closed?

Slide 17

Russian-Finnish relations today.

Border stability Finland's neutrality benefits everyone TEST Economic, political and cultural cooperation.

Slide 18

Test 1. When did the Soviet-Finnish war begin? A) November 30, 1939 B) December 12, 1939 C) November 26, 1939 2. Marshall, commander-in-chief of the Finnish army, former lieutenant general of the tsarist army. A) Enquist B) Koivisto C) Mannerheim 3. The main support of the Finnish army was the line A) Maginot B) Mannerheim C) Siegfried 4. What goals did the Soviet leadership pursue in this war? A) Capture the entire territory of Finland B) Push back the borders by gaining Finnish territory C) If possible, make Finland Soviet 5. When and for what was the USSR expelled from the League of Nations? A) Zza concluding a pact with Germany in August 1939 B) For the introduction of troops into Poland in September 1939 C) For the war with Finland in December 1939

Slide 19

6. What are the reasons for the failure of the Red Army at the beginning of the war? A) Lack of weapons and ammunition B) Weak discipline in the troops C) Unpreparedness of personnel and underestimation of the enemy 7. Indicate the period when Finland was part of Russian Empire... A) 1800-1918 B) 1807-1920 C) 1809 - 1917 8. When was the peace treaty between the USSR and Finland concluded? A) March 12, 1940 B) December 31, 1940 C) March 21, 1941 9. Why were the details of the war little known in the USSR? A) Because the war was not of interest due to the clarity of all the circumstances. B) Because the country's leadership tried to hide the failures and huge losses in the Red Army during the war C) Because the Finnish leadership asked not to disseminate information about the defeat of the country and its territorial losses. 10. What territories got Soviet Union at the end of the war? A) Vyborg B) Turku C) Karelian Isthmus D) Petsamo E) Lapland E) Northern and western shores of Ladoga.

Slide 1

Slide 2

Slide 3

Karl Gu became Emil Mannerge ym (1867-1951), military leader, marshal (1933). Born on June 4 (16), 1867 in the town of Vilnas, near Turku. Graduated from the University of Helsingfors (1877) and the Nikolaev Cavalry School (Petersburg). Until 1917 he served in the Russian army. During the 1st World War he commanded a unit; lieutenant general (1917); in 1918 he commanded the Finnish army. In December 1918 - July 1919, the regent of Finland, from 1939 the commander-in-chief of the Finnish army, chairman of the State Defense Council (from 1931). He directed the actions of the Finnish army during the Soviet-Finnish war 1939-1940. During World War II, he was an ally of Hitler. In September 1944 he was forced to make a decision to withdraw from the Berlin Pact of 1940 and from the war under pressure from the Soviet government. Since August 1944 - President of Finland. In March 1946 he retired. He died on January 28, 1951 in Lausanne.

Slide 4

Voroshilov Kliment Efremovich (1881-1969). Party member since 1903. Since 1918 - commander and member of the Revolutionary Military Council of a number of armies and fronts. Since 1925 - People's Commissar for Military and Naval Affairs and Chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR. He played a leading role in the purge of the Red Army in 1936-38, served as People's Commissar of Defense in 1934-40. Since 1940 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR and Chairman of the Defense Committee of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. During the Great Patriotic War- Member of the State Defense Committee. Since 1946 - Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In 1953-1960. - Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1921-1961. and since 1966 - member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1926-1960. - Member of the Politburo (Presidium) of the Party Central Committee.

Slide 5

Prominent participant Civil War, associate of S.M. Budyonny. In 1937-40 com. troops of a number of Military Districts, in 1940-41 the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR. In the Second World War, he commanded the fronts and the South-Western direction (1941-42), from 1943 he was a representative of the Headquarters on a number of fronts. After the war, commander of the Belarusian Military District (1949-60). Chevalier of the Order of "Victory", Twice Hero of the Soviet Union.

Slide 6

Slide 7

The Soviet-Finnish border passed only 32 km from Leningrad, which created the danger of a quick capture of the city in case of war. The USSR offered Finland to transfer to him a small part of the Karelian Isthmus and a number of islands in the Gulf of Finland. In return, the Finns were offered large territories of the USSR, including the city of Petrozavodsk.

Slide 8

Finland refused to sign an agreement with the USSR on mutual assistance, the agreement was declared an act demonstrating the hostility of the intentions of the Finnish leadership. In response, the USSR announced the denunciation of the non-aggression pact with Finland.

Slide 9

On November 30, the Red Army began active fighting against the Finnish troops. However, the Finns put up vigorous resistance. Soviet troops suffered huge losses and were stuck for a long time in the deeply echeloned system of Mannerheim's fortification lines on the Karelian Isthmus.

Slide 10

In February 1940, the Red Army launched a new offensive, breaking through the Mannerheim Line. Finland asked for peace. In March, a peace treaty was signed in Moscow. As a result, all territorial claims were satisfied. The Finnish campaign led to serious losses for the Red Army and undermined the prestige of the army. Hitler calculated that the USSR was incapable of conducting effective combat operations in a modern war. Conclusions were made in Moscow: K.E. Voroshilov was removed from the post of people's commissar of defense, and his place was taken by S.K. Tymoshenko.

Main issues Soviet-Finnish relations in 1918-1939
Causes of the war and intentions of the parties
Armed forces of the USSR and Finland
The defensive system of the Mannerheim line.
The reasons for the failure of the Red Army at the beginning of the war.
Peace treaty on March 12, 1940
Why "Unknown War"?
The war is over, but the problems remain!
Russian-Finnish relations today.

Finland - 1-targeting Germany,
2-targeting
England and France.
Maintaining independence.
Scandinavian neutrality.
Fear of outside aggression
THE USSR.
USSR - discontent
border security from
Finland.
For socialist Finland.

Why did the negotiations of 1938-1939 come to a standstill?

The Finns did not want to give in
territory in Karelian
isthmus and in Finnish
bay and conclude
nonaggression pact
USSR dissatisfied
border security
from Finland and
Gulf of Finland

Armed forces of the USSR and Finland

the USSR
Finland
Population
173
3,5
Army
960
400
Tanks
1476
50
Art. Cannons
2759
530
aircraft
2446
118

Causes of the war and intentions of the parties

Finland
CCCP
Fear of the military
Finnish contacts with
England and
Germany.
Push back
border.
Control
The Gulf of Finland.
Secure
Murmansk.
Bring the Finns
Soviet power.
Defense of their
borders.
Preservation
independence.
Hope for
aid from England and
France.

Who provoked the war?

Artillery shots near the village
Mainila - a reason for war?
Which side of the border was
shelling was carried out?
Were there any shots?
November 30, 1939
- Start
war.

Agitation of opponents

Soviet Union
Finland

The defensive system of the Mannerheim line.

Length 140 km. Lakes, swamps,
rivers, 210 bunkers, 546 bunkers. Army 100
thousand, 460 guns, 200 aircraft, 25 tanks.
Forest rubble,
minefields,
45 rows of wire fences
Concrete
anti-tank
constructions

Main characters

The reasons for the failures of the Red Army at the beginning of the war

Miscalculations of the political
the leadership of the USSR.
Military mistakes
command.
Unpreparedness
armies and mistaken
tactics of military operations.
The endurance of the Finnish army.

Breakthrough of the Mannerheim Line

Courage and resourcefulness
Soviet soldiers
New combat tactics
action
Numerical and technical
superiority of the Red Army
Capture of Vyborg

War theaters

In Karelian
isthmus
In the north and in the center
Karelia
On the Baltic
coast
Air fights

Results of the war Peace Treaty March 12, 1940

the USSR
Has gained
territory
Lost
killed
70 thous.
Lost
wounded
176 thous.
Finland
Lost
territory
Lost
killed
23 thousand.
Lost
wounded
44 thous.

Why "unknown war"?

1.The USSR came forward with territorial
claims to Finland.
2.The USSR was the first to start military
actions
3.The USSR was expelled from the League
nations as aggressor
4.Victory over the Finnish army
was not given at all "little blood"
5.The USSR, despite the victory, suffered
moral defeat in this war.

The war is over, but the problems remain!

War with Finland in 1941-1944
years.
Peace treaty with Finland.
Is the territorial issue closed?

Russian-Finnish relations today.

Border stability
Finland's neutrality benefits everyone
TEST
Economic, political and
cultural cooperation.

Test
1. When did the Soviet-Finnish war begin?
A) November 30, 1939
B) December 12, 1939
C) November 26, 1939
2. Marshall, commander-in-chief of the Finnish army, former lieutenant general of the tsarist army.
A) Enquist
B) Koivisto
C) Mannerheim
3. The main support of the Finnish army was the line
A) Maginot
B) Mannerheim
C) Siegfried
4. What goals did the Soviet leadership pursue in this war?
A) Capture the entire territory of Finland
B) Move the borders back by gaining Finnish territory
C) If possible, make Finland Soviet
5. When and why was the USSR expelled from the League of Nations?
A) Zza conclusion of a pact with Germany in August 1939
B) For the introduction of troops into Poland in September 1939
C) For the war with Finland in December 1939

6. What are the reasons for the failure of the Red Army at the beginning of the war?
A) Lack of weapons and ammunition
B) Weak discipline in the troops
C) Unpreparedness of personnel and underestimation of the enemy
7. Indicate the period when Finland was part of the Russian Empire.
A) 1800-1918
B) 1807-1920
B) 1809 - 1917
8. When was the peace treaty between the USSR and Finland concluded?
A) March 12, 1940
B) December 31, 1940
C) March 21, 1941
9. Why were the details of the war little known in the USSR?
A) Because the war was not of interest due to the clarity of all the circumstances.
B) Because the country's leadership tried to hide the failures
and huge losses in the Red Army during the war
C) Because the Finnish leadership asked not
spread information about the defeat of the country and its
territorial losses.
10. What territories did the Soviet Union receive at the end of the war?
A) Vyborg
B) Turku
C) Karelian Isthmus
D) Petsamo
E) Lapland
E) North and west coast of Ladoga.