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Far East. Yandex map.

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Far East - online map with satellite view: streets, houses, districts and other objects.

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Far Eastern District of Russia

- a region where, for the sake of swimming in the sea, it is advisable to go in August, when the water warms up to + 24˚C; for fishing, hunting, hiking, climbing mountains - in the summer months, and for active winter pastime - from November to March.

Far East: where is this land of contrasts?

The Far East is a region that covers the territory of Asia (east, southeast and northeast of this part of the world). It includes territories of other countries.

The Russian Far East occupies 36% of the country's territory. This region includes the Amur, Sakhalin, Magadan, Jewish Autonomous Regions, Yakutia, Khabarovsk, Primorsky, Kamchatka Territories. On the southern side, North Korea borders the Russian Far East and, on the north-eastern side, in the Bering Strait, and on the south-eastern side.

The Far East includes insular (Sakhalin, Komandory, Kuriles), mainland (Dzhugdzhur ridge, Koryak Highlands) and peninsular (Chukotka, Kamchatka) parts. The largest settlements are Belogorsk, Amursk, Elizovo and others.

How to get to the Far East?

To get from Vladivostok, passengers will have to spend 8.5 hours in flight (transfer to will extend the air trip up to 13 hours, at - up to 14.5 hours, at - up to 15 hours), until - 7 hours (flight through the capital China will take 17 hours, through Novosibirsk - 9.5 hours, through Khabarovsk - 19 hours, through Mirny - 13 hours 45 minutes, through Irkutsk - 16.5 hours), to Khabarovsk - 7.5 hours (if you stay on vacation at the airport Novosibirsk, the duration of the flight will be 10.5 hours, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - 12 hours - 13.5 hours - 13 hours - 14 hours).

Rest in the Far East

Tourists should pay attention to the Kamchatka Territory (it is famous for more than 270 mineral springs, the largest of which is Paratunka; here you can raft along the Opala, Pymta, Bystraya rivers in May-October or ride along Avacha Bay by boat; the attention of mountain skiers deserves the Moroznaya, Pokrovskaya and Krasnaya Sopki), Sakhalin (tourists are invited to explore the Vaidinskaya cave with stalactites and stalagmites; watch birds on Lake Tunaicha; enjoy the unique underwater life on Moneron Island; go on a 2-3-day hike, within which it will be possible to make acquaintance with the picturesque mountain range Zhdanko), Primorsky Territory (the Baranovsky volcano, Lake Khanka, more than 2,000 historical and archaeological monuments, Anuchinsky, Lazovsky and Chuguevsky districts, where everyone goes to hunt for wild boar, Olginsky and Kavalerovsky districts, where you can catch grayling, pike , crucian carp, carp), (active travelers ascent to the spurs of the Miao-Chan, mountains Ko and Tardoki, sport fishing for salmon in the mouths of the rivers of the Okhotsk coast, rafting on the rivers Khoru, Turugu, Uchuru).

Far Eastern beaches

• Glass Beach: In summer, you can sunbathe and swim here, and in the colder months you can take great pictures and admire the colorful “glass pebbles” (broken glass polished by stormy waves).
• Chituvai beach: the water on this beach is well warmed up thanks to the hills that surround it on three sides. There is sand in the center of the beach, and its sides are represented by a rocky coast (the rocks near which you can practice snorkeling are used by many as springboards for diving into the water).

Souvenirs from the Far East

Far Eastern souvenirs - gifts in the form of wooden and mammoth bone products, jewelry made of beads, bear teeth and ornamental stones, suede and leather handbags, red caviar, smoked fish, pine nuts, Bird's milk sweets, canned seafood, aralia honey , Nanai slippers, cosmetics based on mineral mud and algae.

The Russian Far East (RF) is defined as a federal district, that is, an area whose territories have similar market specialization and infrastructure, and as an economic region formed for the convenience of managing economic, social and political development. Below we will consider its features, location on the map, cities that make up it.

Far East is the territory of the Russian Federation, occupying the entire outskirts of the eastern part of the country. The area of ​​the Far East is 6.1693 million km², which is about 36% of the territory of the entire country. The region stretches along the coast of the Pacific Ocean for almost 4.5 thousand km and is washed by the waters of the Japanese, Okhotsk, Bering, Chukchi, East Siberian seas and the Laptev Sea.

The Far Eastern region is determined by its sea and land borders:

• Northern part has access to the Arctic and Pacific oceans, and also borders on the western coast of the United States of America (it separates the two states of the Bering Strait);
• on South passes the land border with China and Korea and the maritime state border with Japan.

Distinctive features of the geographic location of the Far East:

• remoteness from the central part of the country;
• the Far East includes a large archipelago, that is, a group of adjacent islands (Kuriles, Commander Islands; Sakhalin, Wrangel Island);
• the border of the Arctic Circle passes through the territory;
• a common economic space with Asian countries and the United States;
• important transport routes are located on its territory.

The composition of the Far East

The Far East, the map with the cities of which will be presented below, includes the following regions:

Cities and towns: list

According to the Russian Federal State Statistics Service, in 2016 there were 67 cities and 149 urban-type settlements in the Far East. For an area of ​​6 million km², this is a very small value. The main reason for the sparsely populated area of ​​this vast area is the natural and geographical factor, which will be discussed below.

Russian Far East cities:

Urban-type settlements of the Russian Far East:

Population of the region

The Far East, the map with the cities of which and the size of their population shows that the population is unevenly distributed over the territory of the district, has about 6.2 million inhabitants. For example, at the beginning of 2016, about 960 thousand people lived in Yakutia, while the population density in the region was 0.3, and in the administrative center - 2.5 thousand people per square kilometer.

Such a colossal difference is typical for almost all subjects of the Russian Federation that are part of the Far East. The smallest population density is in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - 0.1 people. per square kilometer. The largest - in the Primorsky Territory, it is 11.7 hours per km².

In terms of the total population, the Primorsky Territory is also in the lead (1.9 million people), followed by the Khabarovsk Territory (1.3 million people), Sakha (960 thousand people), the Amur Region (800 thousand people) , Sakhalin (490 thousand people), Kamchatka (315 thousand people), the Jewish Autonomous Region (166 thousand people), Magadan (146 thousand people), the least of all people live in Chukotka (50 thousand people).

In connection with the gradual outflow of the population from the regions of the Far East, the Far Eastern hectare program was developed. According to the plan, as a result of its implementation, the population will increase and the economic indicators of the territory will increase. At the end of 2017, 34 thousand people received land plots for use.

Among the nationalities in the Far East, Russians predominate, there are also Ukrainians, Tatars, and settlers from neighboring countries - Koreans and Chinese.

Indigenous peoples have a special cultural and historical value, whose traditions and customs are carefully protected by the state. Evenks live in Yakutia, there are about 18 thousand of them. The Nanai live in the Khabarovsk Territory and on the banks of the Amur. In Kamchatka, Chukotka and in the Magadan region, the Koryaks are located, their number is about 8 thousand people. And in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug - the Chukchi.

Features of the relief

The Far East is located at the junction of two lithospheric plates: the Pacific and Eurasian. This fact becomes the cause of periodic earthquakes (Kamchatka, Kuril Islands), including underwater ones, which leads to the formation of large waves (tsunamis), from which the Kamchatka Territory and Sakhalin Region often suffer.

Most of the regions are occupied by mountains, highlands, ridges: the Dzhugdzhur mountains in the Khabarovsk Territory, the Sredinny Range in the Kamchatka Territory, and on Sakhalin there are many steep mountains. The highest area is the Klyuchevskaya Sopka volcano (4750 m). Active volcanoes distributed over the territory of the Far Eastern region have become a symbol of the border of the eastern part of Russia.

In the north, there are the Chukotka, Koryak and Kolyma Uplands. The Anadyr plateau lies between them. The southern part of the Far Eastern region is characterized by plains, medium-high mountains (Bureya mountain range, Sikhote-Alin mountains, Zeisko-Bureinskaya, Prikhankayskaya and Sredneamurskaya lowlands).

Far Eastern precipitation and air masses

The Far East, a map with cities and regions of which will help to understand meteorology, depending on the territorial location of a particular region, has a different amount of precipitation. In the northern part, on average, it falls from 200 to 700 mm per year. In Chukotka, this value is 300-700 mm per year. In the northern part of Yakutia - up to 200 mm, and in the east - up to 600 mm per year.

About 400-800 mm of precipitation per year falls in the Khabarovsk Territory, the Jewish Autonomous Region and in Primorye. The highest values ​​of precipitation amount in the southeast of Kamchatka - up to 2500 mm per year and on Sakhalin - 600-1200 mm per year (in particular, due to the insular and peninsular nature of the territories).

In the Kamchatka Territory, the difference in precipitation in the south and in the north can be up to 2000 mm. The north-east of the region is characterized by a value of 300 mm per year, and for the south - 2500 mm.

In the Khabarovsk Territory, most of the precipitation falls in July and August.

The monsoon climate of the Amur Region brings a large amount of precipitation in summer (900-1000 mm per year). Less rains are closer to the Amur and the Zeya River. In Primorye, most of the precipitation also occurs in the summer (about 800 mm per year). Due to the fact that the region is located on the coast of the Sea of ​​Japan, typhoons happen here, and they bring with them even more precipitation.

Features of the temperature regime

The constituent entities of the Russian Federation located in the Far East are distinguished by abnormally low temperatures. Permafrost is widespread in the north of the Okrug. The range of winter air temperatures in the regions is from -6 to -40 ° C. In summer, the air warms up by no more than 25 ° C.

In the Sakha Republic, the difference between the coldest and warmest months of the year can be up to 70 ° C. In winter, the air temperature here can be -50 ° C. In Chukotka, in winter, the temperature is usually not lower than -39 ° C, in summer - up to 10. The absolute minimum and maximum, respectively, are -61 ° C and + 34 ° C.

In the center of the Kamchatka Territory, the temperature fluctuates more than in other parts. In winter in the center and in the north - up to -24 ° C, in summer - + 16 ° C. In the south, it is about -12 ° C in winter, and + 12 ° C in summer.

The Khabarovsk Territory stretches along the coast of two seas, so in summer it is hot and humid here, the air temperature from north to south reaches +15 - + 20 ° C. The average winter value is -22 - -40 ° C, on the coast it is slightly warmer. In the Amur region, the temperature and weather conditions in general are similar.

Climate

The Far East, a map with cities and types of climate which will make it possible to determine the patterns of weather conditions, has characteristics characteristic of the arctic, subarctic, as well as monsoon and sharply continental types of climate. The northern territories of the Far Eastern Federal District are distinguished by arctic and subarctic climates.

So, most of Chukotka is located in the Arctic Circle, the climate is harsh, in the center the weather conditions correspond to the continental climate. In the north of Kamchatka and the Republic of Sakha, there is permafrost; winter here lasts up to 10 months.

In most of the lands of Yakutia, in the Magadan and northwestern parts of the Amur regions, the air temperature fluctuates on a large scale, very cold winters, short summers, with low temperatures. In these regions of the Russian Federation, winter lasts most of the year.

There is a monsoon climate on Sakhalin and partly in the Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories. Winter in these areas is more humid than on the mainland.

In Kamchatka, signs of three types of climate can be observed at once: the monsoon climate on the coast, continental in the central part, and subarctic in the north. In the Jewish Autonomous Region, the monsoon but temperate climate allows the cultivation of agricultural crops, since sufficient precipitation ennobles the soil.

In Primorye, the climate is defined as monsoon. Due to the cold current that runs along the region, the edge is periodically covered with fogs, and there are fewer sunny days in it than at the same latitude in the central part of Russia.

Surface water

The climatic conditions of the Far East, namely, a sufficient amount of precipitation, low air temperatures, low evaporation, formed such a feature of the rivers of this region as their relatively small length. In addition to such large rivers as the Amur, Kolyma, Anadyr.

On the river Amur is used by sea vessels, on its tributary, in the Amur Region, there is a large hydroelectric power station in the Zeya. Another one is located on another tributary of the Amur - r. Bureya. All water streams are predominantly mountainous and powerful. The common river network belongs to the Pacific Ocean - after a while, streams of water flow into it.

The main location of the lakes is in areas of volcanoes or lowlands. They are located in hollows - former riverbeds or tectonic depressions. The largest lake in the area is Khanka. Swamps are widespread throughout the territory.

In the zone of development of permafrost, ice is found, that is, accumulations of frozen water that has fallen on the surface as a result of natural processes (Aldan-Okhotsk watershed, upper Zeya).

Flora and fauna

The southern part of the Far East is distinguished by a humid and moderately warm climate; the tundra natural zone and taiga are located on the territory of the region. Therefore, the fauna and flora in the Far Eastern region is filled with typical inhabitants of these natural zones.

Permafrost, which is located in the northern regions, does not allow plant roots to penetrate deep into the ground, so the entire flora has a low height.

The flora of the Far East:

Fauna of the Far East:

Some species of birds, mammals, fish and reptiles of the Far Eastern District are included in the lists of specially protected animals endangered by extinction (listed in the Red Book). Public and state organizations in the regions are trying to restore their numbers.

Natural resources

Maps of mineral deposits, maps of water and forest reserves of the regions show that large reserves of marine, forest and mineral resources are located in the territory of the Far Eastern region. To meet human needs in the Far East, a whole complex of objects of animate and inanimate nature is used.

The regions and cities of the Far East occupy the leading positions in terms of the volume of mined precious stones, minerals and metals. Natural resources are represented by a rich fish world, invertebrates and algae. In the southern part of the district, timber is collected and harvested.

Among the mineral resources, the reserves of tin and tungsten are of particular importance; the deposits of gold, coal, lead-zinc and tin ores are located in the regions.

The Far Eastern regions have a high water supply per inhabitant. On the territory of Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands there are unique natural objects - geysers and volcanoes, which not only provide the tourist attraction of the regions, but also are sources of various types of metals, and can also be used to generate electricity.

The following categories of natural resources characteristic of the Far East can be distinguished:

Industry of the Far East

The branches of industry developing in the Far East are associated with the presence of natural and fossil resources in this territory. The agro-industrial complex is made up of mining, forestry and fishing industries.

Certain types of mechanical engineering and non-ferrous metallurgy are also carried out:

Far East agriculture

On the territory of the entire Far Eastern region, various types of climate are common, but most of them differ in such temperature, precipitation and other characteristics that do not allow full-fledged engagement in agriculture, as in other constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

For residents of the eastern part of Russia, the main source of food is the animal world, since the cultivation of grain crops is possible only in the south of the district.

Features of agriculture:

Among the main agricultural products, the Far East produces eggs, milk, livestock and poultry for slaughter, and some regions grow grain. Among the Far Eastern constituent entities of the Russian Federation, Chukotka, the Jewish Autonomous Region and Magadan are the least engaged in the production of agricultural products.

The territory of the Far East occupies one third of the whole of Russia. It can be found on the map in the very east of the country. This is an economic region with a powerful resource and industrial potential, with unique species of plants and animals, with cities, the population of which embodies the cultural and historical originality.

Article design: Lozinsky Oleg

Video about the Far East

The beauty of the Russian Far East from a bird's eye view: