Hedonism is a lifestyle or a challenge to society. Hedonism is a lifestyle or a challenge to society Strengthen the link between class and extracurricular activities

Challenges of modern society

The emergence, development and rooting of the philosophy of a consumer society
Social passivity, lack of non-monetary motivations
Work culture and ethics crisis (work to rest)
The total influence of the media on the minds of adolescents (and not only)
Erasure of identities (national, religious, gender, professional)
Changes in the youth subculture: ignoring the experience of previous generations, the opinions of adults, distrust of ideals, the priority of material values over spiritual ones, the growth of sexual orientation in relationships.
The development of science and technology, expanding the possibilities of mankind to change the world around us to infinity

Consumer society

Consumer society- a society in which consumption goes beyond the struggle for physical existence. Over the past 40 years, personal spending on goods and services worldwide has more than quadrupled, from $ 4.8 billion in 1960 to $ 20 billion in 2000.

Consumer society traits

Fewer small shops
Super- and hypermarkets
Shopping as a form of leisure

Consumer society traits

A revolution in communications (internet, mobile)
the information communication space is expanding
paid services

Consumer society traits

The ever-increasing role of advertising, which produces such cultural phenomena as tastes, desires, values, norms of behavior, interests

Consumer society traits

Developed lending system (bank cards, traveller's checks, loyalty cards, etc.), which speeds up the decision-making process when shopping, teaches to live in debt and stimulates consumption

Consumer society traits

The pace of fashion change is accelerating. Things are depreciated and obsolete. A person who has "fallen behind fashion" feels symbolically poor.
The structure of the cost of goods and services, which includes the price for a brand, changes significantly.

Consumer society traits

Competition of consumers (to be "no worse than others", and on the other hand - "not to merge with the crowd")

The results of diagnostics of the formation of value priorities of students of our school (average score)

Results of a survey of school students on the topic "Morality and ethics in the modern world)

Results of a survey of schoolchildren on the topic "Morality and ethics in the modern world"

Data of the all-Russian survey Trud / ru No. 33 for 28.02.2007

School's response to society's challenges

School responses to society's challenges

Strengthen the connection between classroom and extracurricular activities
Personality-oriented approach in the upbringing, development of the child's personality
Creation of a new system of interaction between family and school (from the leadership of family education to community, joint activities)
Increasing the share of "educational" subjects (ethics, cultural studies, world culture, aesthetics, etc.)
The transition to multicultural education (presentations of different cultures, exchange of cultural values, dialogue of cultures, study of the traditions of different peoples seem to be promising forms of organizing extracurricular educational activities)

The capital is constantly shaken by loud scandals, the main participants of which are representatives of the golden youth. The latest such incidents - the dashing ride of the millionaire's daughter Arina Mikhaltsova in a Lamborghini and the "storming" of the porch of Moscow State University by an SUV - made people think about why rich young people are challenging society. Specially for Days.Ru the situation was commented on by the head of the Scientific and Diagnostic Center of Clinical Psychiatry, Alexander Khaminsky.

Young people often commit acts that can be assessed negatively from various points of view: their social danger, violations of moral and ethical standards, as well as with purely psychological.Deviant (that is, deviating from generally accepted norms) and delinquent (in other words, antisocial and illegal) behavior, in general, characteristic of many adolescents and young people, in the case when it is demonstrated by "children with opportunities", causes the maximum public resonance precisely in connection with the scope with which it is being implemented.

ON THIS TOPIC

So it was in the case of Arina Mikhaltsova, who came to the attention of the media not so much because of the very fact of a dangerous drive along Kutuzovsky Prospekt, but thanks to her Lamborghini and famous father, Mikhail Mikhaltsov. To say about the daughter of a successful businessman who owns several companies, "Nature rests on children of geniuses" is much nicer to the public than about "Manka from the next doorway." Such a feature.

I personally do not know either Anna's situation or her personality traits, so I will comment on this case in general terms. There are several main reasons leading the golden youth to the line beyond which there is a violation of generally accepted rules, norms of behavior and laws.

Permissiveness, instilled by parents intentionally or due to a lack of time for communication and raising a child.
Getting out of overprotection in childhood and the inability to function adequately in society due to the lack of such experience.
Intentional demonstrativeness, challenge of those around (both "significant others" and "outside faceless crowd") to emotions, any, even negative. The main thing is to be bright and sincere. Simple satisfaction of "emotional hunger".
The desire to show "valiant daring", to demonstrate existing or fictional personality traits, when with age comes the understanding that others are too fixated on whose son or daughter you are, what capital you have and what opportunities you have.

About the spec-so-le "Mo-lot of witches" based on the pie-se by A. Cher-vin-sko and V. Bort-ko

(Bal-tiyskiy House, April 16, 2010, by V. Bort-ko)

For Vla-di-mi-ra Bort-ko, according to his own-st-ven-no-th-n-th, this was only the second te-a-t-ral-naya -sta-new. But everyone knows him as a ma-s-te-ra in treatment with a non-chi-with-that power: here and the film "So-ba-whose heart", "Ma-s-ter and Mar-ga-ri-ta", and "Ta-ras Bul-ba", about which we are already pi-sa-li on the "LR" 2009). So now we again got up to the same level with the fact that we call it "sa-ta-nin-a-ni-ni-ni-ni".

Here you need a not-big-slug-off. Sa-ma po se-be book "Mo-lot of witches", na-pi-san-naya two-mez-ki-mi in-qui-zi-to-ra-mi Ya.Spren-ge -rom and G. In-sti-to-ri-som back at the end of the 15th century, it was-la-e-ob-d-e-e-d-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-e-m with dya-wol-ski-mi si-la-mi, oh-wa-tiv-shi-mi at that time Ev-ro-poo. Both av-to-ra ra-bo-ta-li by the blah-th-th-th-th-th of the pap-th-th-th-th-th-la, and the product of their creative-th-st-va immediately became av-to-ri-tete-nym in co-ot-vet-st-vu-yu-shih circles. In Russian, the "Mo-lot of witches" was re-ve-den in the early twentieth century, in the epoch, when the best minds of Russia were already feeling in-va-whether that our-she-st-vie of the devil's forces is not for a go-ra-mi. “Coming-blowing Ham”, - so called one of his most famous articles by D.S. Me-rezh-kov-sky, and next to him - "Iu-da Is-ka-ri-from" L. An-d-re-e-va, "Horse Bled" I. Bru-so-va ... Zha-n-ry, though different, but the meaning is the same: the end of the light is not over the top.

I myself think, as in the student's (70s) years, for the first time I read "Mo-lot of witches", maybe a little bit later than V. Bort-ko, was shaken by this so-chi-not-ko. Ra-zu-me-is-sya, present a textbook, albeit in its own way, in its own way, in the form of stse-ni -who-with-who-of-the-representation-le-niya could-seem-to-say-ab-surd-nym. There, no matter how-how, yes, according to the ru-b-ri-kam, the op-re-de-leon-ny-indications of what must be done when ob-na-ru- the same witches, with their pre-pro-se, who should-take-me-to-dy, etc. Book-ga-ga-ta example from the sob-st-ven-noy practice av-to-ditch. Here is A. Cher-vinsky and V. Bort-ko and along the path of bel-le-t-ri-zation of one of these examples: young man, in the song, he is designated as Hans Lenz (A. Cher-ny-shev), in love with the daughter of the boer-go-mi-s-t -ra Gret-hen Sho-nen-berg (G. Zhda-no-va), suddenly decides to change the thread of his beloved after pi-rush-ki - and not-oh-zhi-dan-but about-na-ru-zhi-va-et that it is not in the-hundred-i-ny to satisfy the not-o-zhi-given service tea partner ner-shu. Me-Loch? It would seem that…

At this time, in the go-ro-de po-yav-la-et-Xia new epi-s-cop Peter Shlip-pel-bach (A. Ku-d-ren-ko), according to -mys-lu pye-sy che-lo-century is very-ma-ra-zo-van-ny, if not a friend of card-di-na-la Ni-ko-lai Ku-zan-sko-go , ended-shy uni-ver-si-te-you in Ri-me and Sa-la-man-ke. He gos-rit-la-ni-em on the po-ro-ge of the illumination of the 16th century (it was already open to Ameri-ka, and not -ra-mi-re-for-ma-tor-st-in Mar-ti-na Lu-te-ra) pre-ob-ra-to-vow life of ordinary-va-te-lei on new pro-gres -siv-nyh os-but-wah. Cla-des mu-d-ro-s-ti for epi-s-co-pa Pe-te-ra is "Mo-lot of witches." In this book, he is looking for answers to ak-tu-al-nye questions so-time-men-but-s-ti: dey-vol dei-st-woo-e is not himself by behold, he is-cha-cha-em his evil cha-ry through the witches - and they just need to be neutralized and destroyed-to-live, the fact that only destroying their body flesh on the skin, do not waste-eat at-dezh-dy spa-s-ty their immortal minds shi.

Rus-sko-mu chi-ta-te-lyu and behold-te-lyu first of all, the dream Ras-kol-ni-ko-va from "Pre-stup-le" -niya and na-ka-za-niya "F. Do-sto-ev-sko-go, where we are talking about some three-chi-nah, in-the-ziv-shih people-ve-th -st-in to such a step, that it was loaded in the pu-chi-well of endless wars and sa-mo-is-ty-za-niy. This thought was-la you-ska-za-na-you-re ve-ka-s-cha after the appearance of labor-da Spren-ge-ra and Inst-to- rice. Another 150 years went by. And what?

The spec-tacl cannot-see-t-rt-s and can not appear with not with-from-but-sit-Xia with-time-men-but-with-tyu. And V. Bort-ko would not have been himself, if he had thought otherwise. When we see-t-re-whether "So-ba-whose heart-tse", we do-ma-li: these are the Sha-ri-ko-you under the control-le-ni- we eat Shvon-de-ditch and do-ryat na-shu re-al-ness. In "Ma-s-te-re and Mar-ga-ri-te," we again saw after reading roman, how much the sa- ta-nin-skaya si-la with the so-vet-s-ti-s-ti, that she-looks-child, yes, not from-tal-ki-va-yu-shche, but rather with -ca-tel-but (Wo-land - Sta-lin, etc.). Again-ta-ki Ta-ras Bul-ba - and dya-volsky, as always with Go-go-la, pan-night, and Viy right there on the under-ho-de: there is -the same pan-night there.

And here epi-s-cop Peter - the role, sy-early A. Ku-d-ren-ko just bl-s-ta-tel-but. This is a new-in-the-lin-ny teacher-pe-re-st-swarm-shchik tog-dash-nei Germany (as if te-pe-resh-ney Russia), who that-ry-nra-teaching-tel-but and generally-i-tel-but from-la-ga-we plan-ny ra-di-cal-noy re-del-ki of all our-th-ra-for life so that she would develop in-no-va-tsi-yam and na-no-tech-no-lo-gi-yam (ra-zu-me-hsia, adek-vat-ny with-from-vet-st-vu-yu-shch-mu-ni). Epi-s-ko-pa has a yes-le-ko-going plan of pre-ob-ra-zo-va-nia go-su-dar-st-va. And when Hans, lo-bov-nick and the-them-unhappy Gret-hen, deal with him as with another child-st-va svo-i-mi sek- su-al-us-mi not-ud-cha-mi, that immediately you-no-sit ver-dict, which-ry-ry will do-ka-zan su-dom that Gret-hen - after all, ma, some-of-paradise pri-in-ro-zhi-la of his-th-th-no-ha and should-be so-zhzhe-na.

Al-le-go-riya av-to-ditch pie-sy and in-hundred-nov-shchi-kov spec-so-la oche-vid-na: usi-li-i-mi past and te-pe -resh-them re-for-ma-to-ditch, convinced of the right-in-those of their gloomy ide-o-logic, no matter what is hidden behind elk - from the tor-zh-st-va so-qi-a-liz-ma to the tor-zh-st-va of the ide-o-logic of the mass-so-in-go-to-le-niya - Ros -sia pri-go-va-ri-va-sya to co-burning. Not by chance, but the name chosen by dra-ma-tur-gom: Gret-hen - this is the same sa-may Gret-hen in Gyo-te and Mar-ga-ri-ta in Bul- ha-ko-va. All of them will die. Teacher-tel-sko-na-sta-v-tel-sko-ma-ne-roy of his games A. for an image of one of the ru-ko-di-te-lei sin-no-go and almost-curse-that-go-su-dar-st-va, oh to -that-rum ino-ska-tel-but-go-rit us with-time-a-hundred-ka "Mo-lo-ta witches." Yes, a heavy ham-lot for-not-hay over us: Gret-hen gib-no, by-gi-ba-et and epi-s-cop Peter, although not in his own way she doesn't. It can be called hap-pi end-home, but it is not. During the whole song we knit what should be, finally, for the -th century-il-sya 300 years. (In the sim-in-che-with-com language V. Bort-ko - is not this a temple of Christ Spa-si-te-la in Moscow?) But the temple is so ta-e-xia not-to-st-ro-en-nym - yes, yes, it’s already there: ru-shit-Xia bek-val-but that's it. All "in-no-va-tions" bring death and ka-ta-st-ro-fam. Os-ta-it-Xia only eternal in-st-ruk-tion: pre-word-woo-taya book "Mo-lot of witches" -s-co-pa urgently na-pe-cha-tal the father is perish-shey on the co-st-re Gret-hen - Io-a-gann Sho-nen-berg (one of the bl-s -ta-tel-r-lei of the native-no-go ar-ti-s-ta Russia Bo-ri-sa So-ko-lo-va).

Ya.Spren-ger and G. In-sti-to-rice pi-jester: “A terrible danger crept up to Ev-ro-pe from-to-yes, from-to-da- who did not expect her. Who would have thought that the world, washed by the water of the baptism of a hundred-year-old to-mu back, so fast-mi-tel-but ska-tit to the dre-mu-whose Azi-at-sky heresy? But when the pas de-nie of the Church-vi ka-za-els no longer-from-run-ny ... ra-li ru-ki ... at this moment on the do-ro-gam kon-ti-nen-ta za-sha-ha-li not-pri-met-nye fi-gu-ry in black cloak. And over Ev-ro-sing arose the dawn of the eyes-s-tel-tel-tel-s-st-dv in-quiz-tion ”(note, 1486). And now we represent myself and other "Azi-at-heresy", and other -shah ", and other in-que-zi-to-ditch, which-rye-do-not-show-by-bor-no-ka-mi pe-re-st-roy -ki and "de-mo-kra-ti-che-s-kih" re-forms. Here is just a pro-fes-sia pa-la-cha os-ta-e-sy not-change-noy.

Like everything else, Bort-ko throws a call to the su-sh-st-woo-yu-shch-mu general-st-wu and re-zhi-mu. Until the stage is not te-and-t-ra Bal-tiy-house mo-la). There is an os-no-va-nia pre-lo-to-live, as the spec-takl is the first of all ad-re-so-van mo-lo-do-mo in-le-nii. How it will be perceived and whether it will be understood is not clear yet. The author himself stays on the pre-me-re after the windows of the spec-so-la ob-ra-til-Xia to the spectators with pro-feu-st- in-van-in-words-in-mi. Ka-za-moo, everything would be enough. But the genuine questions were only identified.

Gennady MURIKOV,
St. Petersburg

When faced with requirements outside world people always unite in communities and organizations for the sake of support. They strive for close emotional connections with others to help themselves anticipate, face, and integrate difficult experiences. Emotional attachment is probably the main defense against feelings of helplessness and meaninglessness; it is necessary for the biological survival of children, and for adults the existential meaning of life is inconceivable without it. For young children, the family is usually a very effective source of protection against injury, and most children recover surprisingly quickly when they have a protector in the family (Werner, 1989). Adults, too, rely on family, colleagues, and friends to create a kind of protective membrane for themselves. While recognizing the need to make emotional connections as a defense against trauma, the authors argue that the most important condition to overcome adversity is the provision and restoration of social support.

Macfarlane A., Van der Kolk B. Trauma and its challenge to society // Counseling psychology and psychotherapy. 2003. Volume 11. No. 1. P. 7-30. Copy

Fragment of the article

The types of society differ mainly depending on the norms adopted in them regarding the mutual obligations between individuals and the environment. Societies of different types develop and different ways coping with traumatic experiences. Regardless of the relative value that society attaches to individualism or conformism, in a situation of threat, people have a universal tendency to form close ties with other people or communities. Freud (1926-1959) noted that the more terrible the external threat, the stronger the loyalty to the group becomes; in extreme conditions, such as during a war, people can go so far in this devotion that they sacrifice their own lives for the survival of the group. Ernst Becker called the deep sense of belonging to the group arising under these conditions "the domestication of terror" ( Becker, 1973). By analogy with Freud's idea that trauma leads to a breakthrough in the “membrane of thinking” ( 1919/1921 ), Lindy and Tichener called the social support provided to the victim a “traumatic membrane”.

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Modern society has surprisingly learned to vulgarize and put on grotesque masks on concepts that have existed on this earth for hundreds of years. Today we are not surprised by the phrase “hedonism, hotel”. Moreover, people who use such terms are not fully aware of the fact that such a definition carried in itself from the very beginning and as it was interpreted earlier. The hotel "Hedonism" (Jamaica) is considered by many to be stable and reliable phrases. So what does this word mean?

Hedonism is primarily an ethical teaching that originated in one of the most revered cultural centers civilization - Ancient Greece... Any moral in a person, according to the postulates of this point of view, is pleasure or pain. Yes, the Kirenaki, who are the forefathers of this philosophy, put forward pleasure as the highest goal for which man exists. However, who said that they meant only carnal ecstasy?

The transformation of the concept over time is also surprising. Socrates began to divide pleasures into "bad, false" and "good, true." I have no doubts about the authority of the great Greek and his wisdom, but ... Is it not from this point that the “fork” of the perception of good and bad in different ways started? Already Aristotle said that "pleasure is not good." Surprisingly, the thinking of the greats soon returned to the starting point again. So, Epicurus again began to speak of pleasure (though not for the body, but for the soul) as the highest good.

Epicureans are accused of selfishness, and it is often possible to hear that hedonism is a pleasure at all costs. To some extent, this is how it is. But look how different its manifestations are. The ideas of hedonism were gently "propagated" by Spinoza and Locke, Mandeville and Hume. The most striking flash can be called the works of De Sade. It is in them that hedonism is a counterbalance, it is a protest to society.

The modern concept of the term is much narrower. Today hedonism is sex, services of an intimate nature, the satisfaction of carnal attraction. Quite deplorable for a doctrine that has existed for several hundred years. Moreover, this "one-sided" perception of pleasure is already becoming commonplace.

Modernity has "vulgarized" and made primitive not only the reactions of the masses, but also the very perception of reality. A person does not seek to reason and analyze. He, like a dictaphone, reproduces those definitions that he heard or read in one, not always reliable, source. Today it is accepted that hedonism is sex and all its manifestations. Is there really nothing for a person to receive emotions with a + sign anymore?

Why is delight to tears considered funny? Crying in general has become indecent.

Why is hedonism sex or carnal pleasure? Or is the delight of the sunset on the sea or snowflakes waltzing in the light of a lantern - a perversion? We have become critical. We divide the world into our own concept of black and white, into norms and deviations. Why is the word “pleasure” always looking for a sexual connotation today? The Greeks considered training as a pleasure (so that it was pleasant to look at the body), and figurative speech, and mental strength. Hedonism is the talent to live brightly and be happy from it.