From the day Colonel Sergei Oreshenkov fell into the category of "objectionable", the fifth year has passed. And for more than a year now, he was defamed and transferred to an outcast. To whom only the officer turned to restore his good name is useless. Protectionism and harboring, firmly entrenched in our army, turned out to be stronger than the orders of the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office and the decisions of the District Military Court ...

But, as they say, first things first.

Alarm bells

Sergey Oreshenkov is from a military family. After graduating from high school with a medal in 1992, he entered the Krasnodar Higher Military School, from which he graduated with honors in 1996. By distribution, he ended up in one of the parts of the North Caucasian Military District, stationed at the Kapustin Yar training ground in the Astrakhan region. Soon, the capable officer was spotted in the Eighth Division of the District Headquarters, where he was transferred in 2001.

And in the new place, the officer's career was developing more than successfully - Sergei soon changed the captain's shoulder straps to the major ones, from the officer's position he moved to the category of the senior officer, and then the head of the department. In 2009, the head of the service for the protection of state secrets - HRT (this is how the Eighth Departments of the RF Armed Forces began to be called since 2004 - ON.) of the headquarters of the North Caucasus Military District, Colonel Vladimir Yanin was retired, so there was a question about a successor. “I offered this position to many,” recalls Vladimir Ivanovich, “but no one agreed. Reform was imminent ... ”.

Now we know very well what kind of reform it was, when the staffs of the military command and control bodies of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation were cut, as they say, live, as a result of which the volume of work increased several times with a sharp reduction in personnel. But officers are officers, they coped with gritting teeth. The difficulties did not break Sergey Oreshenkov either - he says that they only encouraged him. The increased tasks were successfully carried out, checks of higher headquarters confirmed this in their conclusions.

The only thing that created difficulties in Oreshenkov's work was calls from Colonel Kuznetsov, then still the deputy chief of the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, who was in charge of personnel issues in this top-secret structure. These calls were not frequent, but each time they caused serious anxiety in Sergei. The first such "bell" sounded immediately after March 8, 2009. For some reason, he was especially remembered by Oreshenkov. Apparently, because Kuznetsov said that it was unlikely that Sergei would be appointed head of the HRT service of the military district headquarters, allegedly due to his lack of academic education. “You won’t succeed,” the personnel officer dismissively threw into the phone. "Can you handle it?" The offensive words spoken by Kuznetsov touched Sergei to the core.

“To be honest,” Sergei later admitted, “I got a little frightened then. After all, at that time I had only 17 calendar years of service. And in order to "catch" at least for a "small pension", it was necessary to stretch out three more years - up to twenty years of service. In short, I had to either keep a vacancy and work in the minority, like hockey players with a remote player, or go all-in, that is, fill all the vacant positions, but if I am not appointed, I say goodbye and fly out without an apartment and without a pension from the Russian army to the army of the unemployed. And this moment worried me the most. "

In the end, everything was resolved safely - in December 2009, by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, Sergei Oreshenkov, was appointed head of the HRT service of the headquarters of the North Caucasus Military District. And in March 2010, the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces was headed by Colonel Yuri Kuznetsov - the one who was breathing unevenly towards Oreshenkov.

Vicious circle vertical

It was Yuri Kuznetsov who completed (within the framework of the Serdyukov reform) the so-called "optimization" of the state secret protection service of the RF Ministry of Defense. As a result, a well-oiled system, which for many years provided the command of districts and fleets with uninterrupted operational encrypted communication, turned into a monster, with little capable of anything. How does it work? Judge for yourself. In Moscow, for example, a Center has appeared that provides all HRT services for the main headquarters of the branches of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which previously functioned autonomously. This Center, naturally, will be closed to the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces. Why is this done? First, the status of the Eighth Directorate has increased: if earlier the staffing of officers of the directly subordinate structure was slightly more than 80 people, now over a thousand people are subordinate to Kuznetsov. And this is only in Moscow! The larger the staff, the more opportunities there are for establishing "floating" positions in which you can put the "right" people. Secondly, Kuznetsov, thus, increased his own importance: after all, now all the "secrets" of the military command and control bodies located in the center of Moscow are subordinate to him, which means the "guys" with big stars to organize work with secret documents after 18 hours (it is up to this hour that the "secrets" work in the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation - ON.), must bow to the head of the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. Kuznetsov has repeatedly stated that he has an excellent opportunity to influence the chiefs of the Main and Central Directorates through "secrets" ...

And, finally, thirdly, in case of loss of the secret document, again everything will be decided in the Eighth Directorate, which has become the "main secret" of the Armed Forces. As a result, the responsibility of the heads of military command and control bodies in dealing with secret documents and information constituting a state secret has noticeably decreased. But the worst thing is that these leaders are simply weaned from organizing work to preserve state secrets in their structural divisions. Although this function is entrusted to the heads of the COTU.

Irreversible changes have occurred in the troops. If earlier in the military districts each directorate or service had their own "secrets", now they are merged into one. It seems that they did a good deed - they reduced the number of employees. But, on the other hand, it is not clear how the military command and control bodies will act in combat conditions. In this case, the general "secret" will be in one place, and the same rear services, artillery, in general, all the departments and services of the district - at their command posts, scattered over tens or even hundreds of kilometers. How will representatives of these services or departments receive maps, secret notebooks and military documents? Unclear.

The system is "cobbled together" in such a way that it is not profitable for a junior boss to "hand over" an older one - it is more expensive for himself. As people who know well the state of affairs in the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces told me, the selection of candidates for responsible positions here is carried out not in accordance with the business qualities and abilities of the officers, but on the basis of personal sympathy and devotion to the “leader”. That is why almost all key positions (chiefs of leading departments of management, chiefs of HRT services in districts, etc.) are usually held by "proven people", among whom there are many who studied with Yuri Kuznetsov at the Krasnodar Higher Military School, the Military Academy named after Peter the Great or the Military Academy of the General Staff. The "promoted" people understand perfectly well: if the boss is removed, then they will not hold out in their chairs for a long time. The created vertical is in fact a vicious circle in which everything is brewed in its own juice.

Oreshenkov, naturally, did not fit into this "vertical", although he shows zeal in the service.

In 2010, the North Caucasus Military District is being reorganized into the Southern Military District. For almost a year and a half, Oreshenkov has been performing the duties of the head of the HRT service of the district headquarters, there are no omissions in the service. Commissions of the Eighth Directorate, which check the district from month to month, do not reveal any special violations. And the command does not express any complaints, on the contrary - it encourages, taking into account the opinion of the certification commission, it presents Oreshenkov for reappointment. And only Kuznetsov again “does not see” Sergei in his post. By the way, the head of the Eighth Directorate was against the appointment of almost all officers of this unit to the newly formed service of the ZGT YuVO. The reasons were the most absurd - from references to youth, female sex to claims to the nationality of the candidates. The fact that these officers, together with Oreshenkov, coped with the first stage of the reform, was not taken into account. Sergei refused to carry out Kuznetsov's orders - none of the worthy subordinates was fired, they still serve, have career opportunities, enter prestigious military academies.

But this adherence to principles will soon come back to haunt Oreshenkov.

It was not possible to "clean up"

Once, just before graduation from the Krasnodar Higher Military School, Kuznetsov set Oreshenkov the task: to dismiss the senior lieutenant, the head of the HRT service, of one of the district units stationed in a "good" location, to the reserve. Sergei Viktorovich sent an officer to Armenia, where the military unit was located, so that he could figure out what's what. When Oreshenkov established that the senior lieutenant was not going to improve and reported to Kuznetsov about his proposal for dismissal, he heard in response: "Yes, graduation to the school has already passed: why do I need this senior lieutenant now?"

In the same 2010, Colonel Kuznetsov, knowing full well that there was only one vacant position in the service of ZGT SKVO, sent four graduates of military universities to the district at once - two from KVVU and two "academicians". They were characterized from the best side. However, one of the arrivals, Lieutenant Soloviev, turned out to be so "good" that he was dismissed three months later for non-compliance with the terms of the contract. With another, Major Shumakov, they fiddled for two years, fiddled with like a little child, but they never persuaded him to start working - it came to a reduction in position.

In February 2011, a commission of the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces, headed by Deputy Kuznetsov, Colonel Andrei Kolovanov, left for the Western Military District. And immediately word spread over word of mouth that Colonel Pushkarev, head of the ZGT ZVO service, had been removed from his post. On the next Monday, Oreshenkov reported to Kuznetsov about what had been done in the week, and, by the way, asked: "Yuri Vasilyevich, why did they remove Pushkarev?" “He got me,” was the answer. - “And let me clarify how he got you? - continued to pry Oreshenkov. "So that I don't repeat his mistakes." “Yes, I just got it!” Kuznetsov finished the conversation.

Soon it became known that Colonel Anatoly Malashikhin, a classmate of Kuznetsov in KVVU, became the new head of the HRT ZVO service. Something clicked in Sergei's head and began to clear up. So, he thought, Pushkarev was simply "cleaned out". And in August of the same year, a commission headed by the same chairman descended on the Southern Military District (to “clean up” Oreshenkov, who had become a colonel by that time). The commission is working during the day - in the evening Kolovanov sums up the results: "What has been done?" - "So-and-so." - "What are the disadvantages?" - "Full openwork". - "Are you kidding!". - "No, everything is okay". - "So, look badly!" On the second day, everything is repeated. On the third day, the chairman of the commission, not believing his subordinates, began to "dig the ground" himself. But I didn’t find anything. Of course, there were minor flaws, but they always exist. The officers of the ZGT YuVO service celebrated the victory!

It seemed that Kuznetsov had to make sure that Oreshenkov was in his place. And calm down. However, everything was just beginning! During the rotation, by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of October 28, 2011, No. 1252, Sergei was appointed head of the HRT service of the Central Military District.

During an operational-special meeting of the senior staff of the HRT service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, where Colonel Oreshenkov was summoned, he had an interesting conversation with Colonel Kolovanov. "Sergei Viktorovich, - asked the deputy head of the department, - do you remember the August inspection?" “Of course I remember,” answered Oreshenkov. “So,” Kolovanov continued, “when I reported the results to Yuri Vasilyevich, he said:“ It's good that we weren't mistaken in him. ” And now it turns out that you do not want to leave Rostov-on-Don. Are you so badly corrupt? "

Sergei was simply dumbfounded. Good "corrupt official"! No apartment, no summer house, no car, no garage, no bank account. I could hardly resist a harsh answer. Calmed down, he replied: "I have not really had time to tell anyone that my daughter is ill, and there was no talk about my lack of desire to go to Yekaterinburg." Kolovanov ended the conversation as follows: "Well, in general, Yuri Vasilyevich said that if you can cancel the order of the Minister of Defense on your rotation, he will not mind."

Revenge and law

Colonel Oreshenkov continued to carry out his duties in the Southern Military District, waiting for a replacement from St. Petersburg, since Kuznetsov set him the task of waiting for Malashikhin, handing over his post, and only then leaving for Yekaterinburg.

Colonel Malashikhin arrived in Rostov-on-Don on May 30, 2012 - seven months after the Russian Ministry of Defense issued an order to move him to a new duty station. Sergei out of curiosity asked why the shift took so long to go to Rostov-on-Don - the answer was amazed: it turns out that the reason for the delay was ... the conclusion of a social tenancy agreement for housing!

Reception and transfer of cases and positions was carried out on July 12, 2012, after which Sergei was operated on in 1602 district military clinical hospital. On September 27, 2012, an order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 1997 was issued, in paragraph 3 of which, in particular, it was prescribed: “Colonel Oreshhenkov Sergey Viktorovich<…>to believe on September 26, 2012, who handed over the cases and the position. From September 29, 2012, exclude from the lists of personnel of the Southern Military District, all types of support and consider leaving for a new place of service in the Central Military District, Yekaterinburg. "

It would seem that everything is legal. However, upon arriving at a new position in the city of Yekaterinburg, the officer immediately felt a negative attitude towards himself from his new leadership. So, the chief of staff of the Central Military District, Major General Alexander Dvornikov (by the way, Kuznetsov's fellow student at the Military Academy of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces) did not even shake hands with the newly arrived officer, calling him a "deserter." What happened? It turns out that on the eve of Oreshenkov's arrival in Yekaterinburg (namely, September 27, 2012), a telegram was received from the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces, in which Colonel Yuri Kuznetsov reported the following to the commander of the Central Military District, Colonel-General Valery Gerasimov: “... Until now, Colonel Oreshenkov S.V. did not arrive at the place of service, motivating his unwillingness with various reasons (the impossibility of living for family members for medical reasons in Yekaterinburg, various diseases, etc.).

Taking into account the foregoing, it is proposed to consider the head of the state secrets protection service of the 29th combined-arms army of the Eastern Military District, Lieutenant Colonel IV Filipenko, to the appointment of the chief of the service - assistant to the chief of staff of the Central Military District (for the protection of state secrets).

Gerasimov, without meeting with the newly appointed head of the HRT service of the district, without figuring out what was what, went, as they say, in the wake of Kuznetsov. The commander of the Central Military District, on "the fact of the officer's untimely arrival at the place of service," appointed an official check, wrote in his own hand on the materials: "Not to be admitted to the position, to be at the disposal. Consider dismissal at the certification committee. "

So, with the hands of General Valery Gerasimov, Colonel Yuri Kuznetsov took revenge on Oreshenkov for his adherence to principles in the service that he displayed. For four months, the officer, without thinking, without guessing, was out of the state. And all this time the officials of the district (the chief of staff of the Central Military District, Major General A. Dvornikov, the head of the personnel department of the district, Major General A. Nesterov and some others) were leading him by the nose, promising to solve the problem with the appointment to the post. In the end, by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of February 2, 2013 No. 61, Colonel Sergei Oreshenkov was appointed deputy head of the faculty of cryptographic information protection and secrecy of the branch of the Military Academy of Communications (Krasnodar). As stated in the order, Oreshenkov is moving "for a more expedient use of the soldier in military service." The need was so “obvious” that from September 1, 2013 this position ... was reduced. However, Colonel Oreshenkov was not able to "eat" together with his post. I had to assign to another.

Not wanting to put up with the obvious injustice, Sergei Viktorovich challenged all those who mixed him with dirt. True, it was not so easy to deal with officials with the general's stars. As you know, the big bosses in the army have "everything under control" and "everything has been paid for." Here is the Rostov-on-Don garrison military court, where Oreshenkov filed a lawsuit about the illegal actions of senior chiefs, in a decision of April 22, 2013, he refused to satisfy his claims. Motivation? It turns out that the court considers the actions of the commander of the Central Military District for failure to comply with the order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation "within the limits of official powers."

True, the court of appeal of the North Caucasian District Military Court recognized the actions of the commander of the troops of the Central Military District, which were expressed in preventing Oreshenkov from accepting cases and the post of the head of the state secret protection service - assistant chief of staff of the Central Military District for the protection of state secrets, was declared illegal. The court ordered the commander of the Central Military District to pay Oreshenkov a full salary for the position of the head of the state secret protection service - assistant chief of staff of the Central Military District for the protection of state secrets from October 1, 2012 to March 29, 2013. The court also ordered to consider the issue of determining the amount of additional payments to the applicant, provided for by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation of July 26, 2010 No. 1010, and the head of the Federal Treasury Institution "Unified Settlement Center of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation" - to make payments.

I have been aware of the problem for a long time and more than once suggested that Sergei raise the issue in the press, but he still refused - why, they say, wash dirty linen in public. But now, apparently, his patience ran out. And I understand him: on every door of the Ministry of Defense he knocked, officials in uniform only shrug their shoulders. It seems that no one in the high offices of the military department is going to solve the problem of the colonel. The fourth month has already passed since the district court made its decision, but the injured officer was not returned a penny. No one is going to reinstate Colonel Oreshenkov in his former position - the head of the HRT service of the district. Although those who defamed the officer, "grew up" in positions and received the next military ranks. Former commander of the Central Military District Valery Gerasimov became Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, General of the Army. The head of the Eighth Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Yuri Kuznetsov, feels rather well under his wing - he also became a general. Anatoly Malashikhin, despite the fact that several secret documents have been lost since his arrival in the Southern Military District, continues to serve calmly, receiving a monetary pleasure almost twice as much as Colonel Sergei Oreshenkov now has.

Nikolay Astashkin

DOSSIER "OG"

Having agreed to an interview, Gennady Ivanovich warned that although he retired 14 years ago, he does not intend to talk a lot and in detail about his service. “People who are too talkative, unable to keep their mouths shut, are not kept in the special services,” he said. - And I served in the bodies for more than 33 years, and I myself was directly involved in the selection and placement of personnel. Not only when he headed the regional department for the Sverdlovsk region, but also while still being the deputy head of the regional department of the KGB for personnel in Rostov-on-Don. "

This is how our conversation began.

You were appointed to the position of the chief personnel officer of the Rostov region department in the mid-1980s. Was it a difficult time for the intelligence officers?

The time was difficult for all residents of the country. And our employees also had to hear undeserved accusations and attacks against them. But we calmly and honestly did our job. I am sure that thanks in large part to our, sometimes invisible, work, it was then possible to prevent the outbreak of a civil war in the country. Although it was not possible to go through the period of so-called perestroika without losses.

Many valuable employees were forced to leave the service for various reasons, but we managed to keep the staff backbone. The state security agencies have always fought uncompromisingly for the purity and integrity of their ranks. Although then our salaries were delayed for several months, and they could not use the benefits provided by the law (for example, for treatment in a departmental clinic).

- And in the philistine environment there were legends about the comfortable life of employees of your department ...

But compare. When, a little over a year after graduation, I headed the collective of a railway substation in the Rostov region, I earned more than 300 rubles a month. And my wife and I were even given a separate two-room house. Although this house had no amenities other than electricity, we settled down and lived really comfortably. But after completing special courses and being appointed to the first officer's position, I began to receive ... 140 rubles: the official salary of an operative is 120 rubles and another 20 rubles for the military rank of lieutenant. I was sent to serve in the regional administration in Rostov-on-Don, and there, in order to rent a room in a house with "amenities in the yard," I had to pay a third of my monthly officer's salary.

In 2015, Lyudmila and Gennady Voronovs will celebrate their golden wedding.

- The wife, probably, expressed dissatisfaction: why, they say, agreed to such a service?

No, my wife, Lyudmila Timofeevna, is a real fighting friend. We got married in the fourth year of the Leningrad Institute of Railway Engineers, because we studied together at the same faculty and even in the same group. My distribution to the Rostov Region became a distribution for her, and of course, we discussed my consent to serve in the authorities with her, and she said that if I was interested in such a job, such a service, she was always ready to support and help me. ... This was the case throughout all 49 years of our life together. By the way, we will celebrate our golden wedding next year.

This means that the badge of honor "Advice and Love" will soon be added to your combat awards. How did you end up in the organs? Not according to the announcement: "employees are required"?

At that time I knew about the service of state security officers only from books and films. Intelligence officers, counterintelligence officers were for me, as for many of my peers, legendary heroes, but that someday such a responsible business would be entrusted to me, I could not imagine. So when I, a young engineer, was invited to the territorial department of the KGB in Kamensk-Shakhtinsky, I confess I even felt intimidated. Not long before that, we had a small accident, or rather, a technical failure, due to which a large settlement was left without electricity, the village of Vyoshenskaya, in which our great writer Mikhail Sholokhov, a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of many convocations, then lived. He was just receiving some foreign delegation when suddenly the lights went out ...

A young electrical engineer Gennady Voronov in 1966 could not have imagined that he would become a counterintelligence officer ...

It was a sinful thing to think that this is why I am being summoned. But in the state security department they greeted me very warmly, they said that they had been looking closely at me for a long time and considered my candidacy suitable for service in the authorities. I took this proposal as a high confidence. I was given time to think and consult with my wife, after which I agreed. A few days later, they called me and said that I must urgently come to Minsk to study. Well, after a year of study in special courses, in Rostov-on-Don, an operative of the regional department of the KGB.

- And what did you first of all have to face in the service?

Service as in the song: "Hard work, dangerous work, for the safety of the country." He took part in the investigation of various cases, carried out special assignments with his colleagues. Even then, the southern region was already distinguished by a not very calm operational situation. Sometimes I didn’t appear at home for days. And our daughter was already born, there was not enough money to pay for rental housing in Rostov, so I gladly agreed to a transfer, especially with a promotion, as a senior operative a little further south, to Taganrog. There he already received a service apartment and there he rose to the position of the head of the city department.

Before becoming the head of a department, that is, an official, I had to go abroad, to different countries with confidential assignments, where I sometimes even acted under false names ... But as a professional illegal intelligence agent, like Gevork Vardanyan, who has been under a false name for almost half a century worked abroad, of course I was not. By the way, I had the good fortune to meet Gevork Andreevich already here, in the Urals, at the Koltsovo airport, when he returned from abroad. Unfortunately, in 2012, Major General Vardanyan, Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of the highest orders of the USSR and the Russian Federation, passed away.

- And why did you receive your three orders?

I cannot talk about this in detail. As they say, it is too early to remove the secrecy label from those events. I will only remind you that according to the status, the Order of the Red Star was awarded by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for participation in hostilities. I was awarded this order in 1985, and of course you know where the fighting took place. There, not only our army fought, but also the state security officers carried out special operations. It was for the successful completion of one of the special assignments that I was nominated for a state award.

The name of the second order - "For Military Merit" - speaks for itself. By the decree of the President of Russia Boris Yeltsin, I was awarded this order in 1997. I was nominated for the award at the end of the first campaign to restore constitutional order in the North Caucasus. Again, as stated in the award list, "for the exemplary fulfillment of a special government assignment."

year 2000. Ekaterinburg. Governor Eduard Rossel (right) and Head of the FSB Directorate for the Sverdlovsk Region Gennady Voronov (left) at a meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

And the Order of Honor was awarded by the President of Russia Vladimir Putin by his decree in 2000 for the successful completion of the tasks that I had been solving for eight years already in the position of the head of the FSB Directorate of Russia in the Sverdlovsk Region.

- The service here was probably quieter than in the south?

What is quieter there! I was sent to Yekaterinburg in 1992. Here I had to deal with the elimination of the consequences of discord in the regional administration. The fact is that in the early 90s, taking advantage of the departisation carried out in the state security agencies, several officers sent complaints to the Supreme Soviets of the USSR and the RSFSR against their bosses, accusing them of "unwillingness to carry out democratic transformations." I had to exert a lot of effort to restore an atmosphere of trusting, comradely relations in management, combined with adherence to principles and firm discipline. This was necessary in the difficult socio-political situation that was developing in the Sverdlovsk region. After all, the criminals then not only raised their heads, but already almost openly rushed to power.

Organized criminal groups - "Uralmash", "center", "blue" - not only fought among themselves criminal wars for the redistribution of zones of influence, but also sought to promote their protégés to local government bodies.

We were able to stop all this by establishing close contact with the prosecutor's office and the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Sometimes it was necessary to simultaneously dispatch hundreds of task forces to different addresses. Each group, except for the prosecutor's office and the police, included our employees. Acting decisively and purposefully, in 1993-1994 we exposed and brought to criminal responsibility the leaders and active members of the "blue" group, in 1995-1996 the same fate befell their "colleagues" from the "center", and then "Uralmash" groupings.

- That is, in the "dashing nineties" the main task of the authorities was the fight against crime?

No, this was only one of the tasks we were solving. In such a huge industrialized region as the Middle Urals, we faced even more difficult tasks. In the same nineties, for example, we collected evidence of the espionage activities of the American citizen Edmond Pope, who, on the instructions of the CIA, collected information about the work of the institutes of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the companies VSMPO and Mikhalyum. They revealed two attempts by "initiators" from Nizhny Tagil to transfer secret information about the armored vehicles under development to the US CIA's Moscow station. They stopped an attempt by an Australian company to obtain ownership of scientific and technological documentation on the rocket and space topics of NIIMASH and exposed several employees of another defense enterprise who were trying to arrange the export of a batch of stable isotopes abroad. Also, the preparation of a terrorist act against a foreign diplomat was stopped, a former serviceman was detained, who went over to the side of the Chechen militants and returned to the Sverdlovsk region with their task to destabilize the situation here. And this is not a complete list of successful counterintelligence measures carried out by our department in those years.

Let's digress from the memories of official activities. In the family photo album that you let me look through, there is a snapshot that captures the moment you are presented with the sports cup. To what extent is this "sporting event" typical for your life in general?

This is an old snapshot from the early 1980s. Then at the regional competitions for the volleyball cup in Rostov-on-Don, our Taganrog team took first place. As the team captain, I was awarded this cup. In general, in my youth I was fond of various sports, but most of all athletics decathlon. In several types he had categories, and in athletics he received the title of master of sports of the USSR while still a student. Anticipating your question, I will say that physical education and sports have helped me a lot throughout my service in the organs.

- What else helped in the service?

First of all, family and fellow workers. Indeed, in the profession of counterintelligence, the main thing is to have trusted, honest people next to you, on whom you can always rely. I, I think, with colleagues and subordinates was very lucky. Suffice it to say that over twenty of them became generals. For eight years, during which I headed the FSB Directorate for the Sverdlovsk Region, I, for example, had four first deputies - Boris Mylnikov, Leonid Kuznetsov, Sergei Berezin, Boris Kozinenko. Mylnikov, on my recommendation, was appointed to this (general, mind you!) Post even when he was a lieutenant colonel, and after a short time he was already promoted to a higher post in Moscow, and then he surpassed me too - he rose to the rank of deputy director of the FSB of Russia and resigned as colonel general. Kuznetsov and Berezin also did not play for long in my swing, both very quickly went to the promotion of the heads of regional departments in other regions. And Boris Kozinenko, in 2000, already replaced me in the post and with dignity led the Sverdlovsk regional administration for more than 12 years. Yes, and I was lucky too. How not to say kind words about Yuri Nikolaevich Kuznetsov, who since the end of the 80s headed the KGB Directorate for the Rostov Region and was my real mentor in the service. Today, by the way, he is the president of the Sverdlovsk Regional Fund of Veterans of Security Bodies, and I chair the Board of Trustees of this fund. So we continue to serve the Fatherland together.

I myself have always been a team man. Arriving in the Sverdlovsk region in 1992, I saw in the then head of the regional administration Eduard Rossel my like-minded person and therefore in the future, in all the troubles that Eduard Ergartovich had to endure, remained a member of his team. And in general, my main life principle is “to be”, not “to have”. Be a man, be a professional, be a husband, father, grandfather! I tried to follow this principle all my life.

- Gennady Ivanovich, a trivial question, but I can't help but ask: did anyone in the family follow in your footsteps?

The daughter, immediately after graduating from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute, took up service in the FSB. After serving the deadline, she retired to the reserve with the rank of major. After receiving a school certificate (by the way, he graduated from a secondary school with a gold medal), the son entered the FSB higher school. In the authorities, however, he served only seven years, resigned with the rank of captain, and then he was offered an interesting job for him in the regional ministry of international and foreign economic relations. Daughter and son live in their own families, but we meet often.

Well, once we started talking about the family (smiles) ... I am especially pleased with the meetings with my grandchildren - little Arina (she is two years old), eight-year-old Gena, with whom we already go fishing together, and already quite adult 22-year-old Ilya, who is studying at the Ural Federal University ...

After fishing, Gennady Voronov's second favorite type of recreation is to cook a barbecue for the whole family at the dacha.

(All photos in the material are provided by Gennady Voronov)

UAVs will not pass: Russian military bases in Syria deprive of mobile communications
Due to the UAV attacks on Khmeimim and Tartus, an order was received to suppress cellular communications in the area of ​​the location of Russian bases in Syria, RBC reports.

RBC's source in the Ministry of Defense explains the reason for such an order from the General Staff. Russian military installations in Syria have been attacked by drones such as a quadcopter, which can go to a specific signal by a phone number.

The head of the 8th Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, Lieutenant General Yuri Kuznetsov, ordered the suppression of 2G and 3G signals in the territories of two Russian bases in Syria. RBC has a corresponding document, which was signed on February 2 by Kuznetsov. A source in the Ministry of Defense confirmed the authenticity of the document.

The document says that the suppression of cellular signals (2G and 3G) at the Khmeimim airbase should be provided by March 30, 2018. On the entire territory of the location of Russian troops, including in Tartus - until July 1, 2018. The department of electronic warfare troops of the armed forces, headed by Major General Yuri Lastochkin, was appointed responsible for the implementation of this task.

A military expert, reserve colonel Andrei Pajusov, suggested that such a "jamming" of communication signals could also mean the desire of the military to prevent information leaks.

A request to confirm this information was sent by RBC to the Ministry of Defense.

On New Year's Eve, the first drone attack on a Russian military base in Syria took place, RBC previously reported. The attack on the Khmeimim airbase was carried out with the help of eight drones. At the time of the UAV attack, the electronic warfare (EW) systems were disabled so as not to interfere with aviation flights. The attack resulted in damage to four aircraft and two helicopters and the destruction of an ammunition depot. Two people died. The fact of the attack was confirmed by the Ministry of Defense, but the use of drones during the attack was denied.

On the night of January 5-6, a second attack was carried out. This time, in addition to Khmeimim, the target of the attack was the naval logistics center in Tartus. This was officially announced by the Ministry of Defense. Already 13 drones were used in the attack, seven of which were eliminated by the Pantsir missile and cannon systems. The rest were taken under control by specialists from electronic warfare units. This is reported by the Russian defense department.

The customs office will check the personal electronic devices of the military carried abroad: telephones, laptops, tablets. This item is also included in the order of General Kuznetsov. By March 1, 2018, the military police of the Ministry of Defense were instructed to supplement the agreement between the military department and the Federal Customs Service on information interaction. According to this addition, the FCS will warn the military police about "technical equipment for personal use" carried by servicemen at the customs posts of Chkalovsky, Mozdok, Novorossiysk. Airfields are located at these posts, from where the Russian military departs, including to Syria.

Lieutenant General Kuznetsov instructed the main communications department of the Ministry of Defense to increase the number of stationary public access posts at the Khmeimim airbase. As the source of RBC in the Ministry of Defense explained, they are telephone booths that are needed both for conducting international negotiations and for every serviceman who wants to call home. This happens in the order of the entry that is kept in the journal. The call to relatives and friends in Russia will be free. Special communication is used for working negotiations. The department was also instructed "at the request of the commander of the group of forces of the Russian Armed Forces in Syria" to establish such posts at the base in Tartus and task forces "Damascus" and "Aleppo". The RBC source adds that although such posts work around the clock, they are sorely lacking in Syria. For this reason, calls often go through mobile communications.

Kuznetsov separately ordered the creation of an Internet room in Khmeimim, which will have 30 workplaces for communication between military personnel and family members; a similar room will be created in Tartous, but with five workstations. Responsible for this assignment, the General Directorate of Communications was appointed together with the 8th Directorate of the General Staff and the commander of the Russian group of forces in Syria. The deadline for execution is July 1, 2018.

Reserve Colonel Andrei Payusov told RBC about the "permitted" military telephones, the list of which was agreed with the recommendations of the 8th Directorate of the General Staff. These include push-button phones: Alcatel OT-1016D, Alcatel One Touch 1020D, Alcatel One Touch 208, Nokia 105, Nokia 105 Dual sim, Samsung GT-E1200, Samsung GT-E1272, as well as TeXet TM-101 and TeXet TN phones -B219.

By July 1, Chief of the General Staff Valery Gerasimov should be presented with proposals from the main communications department on providing servicemen with the necessary mobile phones and SIM cards "in accordance with the list of cellular communications allowed for use on non-regime territories of military units." SIM cards are allowed only for the Syrian mobile operators MTN Syria and Syriatel, the document says.

Finally, the order of Kuznetsov ordered the main communications department to equip about 1.5 thousand mobile devices with a secure communication channel, called "Thin Client". The purchase and installation of this type of terminals should be completed by July 1. These secure channels will keep the connection between the mobile terminal and the database. This channel transmits "service" information. The interlocutor of RBC also added that some of these terminals will be sent to Syria.

Military experts previously noted in an interview with RBC that the drone attacks on Russian bases in January were "unexpected." In addition, they noted the need for additional security measures. The measures taken should be to prevent new possible attacks using UAVs.

Notes to Table 22.1.1:

1st 60th division on 05/09/1989 was reorganized into 5409th BHVT, disbanded on 02/13/1990.

The 2 89th division in the fall of 1987 was reorganized into the 1042nd TUTs, and in the fall of 1989 - into the 5347th BHVT, which had 187 T-55 tanks, 35 BMPs, 6 2S12 mortars, 12 BM-21 MLRSs.

During the post-war period, the 60th division, glorified during the war years, underwent many changes - already on June 12, 1946, with the next reduction of the Armed Sip, the division was reorganized into the 6th separate rifle brigade (respectively, its regiments became battalions), which only on 10/30/1953 regained the status of the division. In the spring of 1955, its rifle regiments changed their 4-digit numbers to 3-digit ones (1281st, 1283rd and 1285th steel, respectively, 200th, 202nd and 204th). And after 2 years, the division was reorganized into the 43rd Tank Division, while the 204th Infantry Regiment of the Prague Red Banner Order of Suvorov (military unit 61483), the 202nd Infantry Pomeranian Orders of Suvorov and Bogdan Khmelnitsky Regiment (military unit 04614 ) was reorganized into the 272nd tank regiment, and the 200th rifle regiment of the orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky became the 422nd motorized rifle regiment. The 14th Guards Tank Regiment was transferred to the division from the famous 4th Guards Tank Kantemirovsk Division, and the 285th Self-Propelled Tank Regiment became a tank regiment. But this composition of the division subsequently changed - the 272nd tank regiment became the basis for the 882nd motorized rifle regiment (later, the 270th motorized rifle division was created on its base in Khabarovsk), after which it was formed anew. And at the end of 1979, the 285th tank regiment, which was included in the 108th motorized rifle division, departed in OKSVA (instead of it, the 142nd tank regiment was created). In fact, only the 422nd motorized rifle and 863rd artillery regiments invariably remained in the division.

With the 60th division in the late 1960s. the frame of the 225th motorized rifle division was created - in addition to it, the frame of the 89th motorized rifle division in Tambov was subordinated to the corps.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 02.22.1968, in connection with the 50th anniversary of the Soviet Army and Navy, the corps was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

In the late 1980s. formations and units from groups of forces in Eastern Europe began to arrive in the corps (47th Guards and 31st Tank Divisions, 211st Guards and 122nd Anti-Tank Artillery, 5th Anti-Aircraft Missile and 442nd Missile Brigades and other parts).

By 09/14/1990, the corps management was reorganized into the management of the 22nd Guards Combined Arms Army, which included formations and units withdrawn from Eastern Europe, while the 60th Panzer Division was disbanded.

The corps and then the army were commanded by 20 generals. Attention is drawn to the fact that the corps commanders in the period 1960-1980. in fact, with rare exceptions, during the period of their command, they did not receive the regular military rank "lieutenant general" ( tab. 22.1.2).

Table 22.1.2

Command of the 13th Guards Rifle (Army) Corps and the 22nd Guards Combined Arms Army in 1944-1996.

Volga Red Banner (since 1974), South Ural, Kazan and Volga-Ural Red Banner military districts in 1945-1992.

South Ural Military District (YuUVO) with headquarters in Chkalov (hereinafter Orenburg) was formed on November 26, 1941 on the territory of the Chkalovsk region and the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, part of the Kazakh SSR (Aktobe, Guryev and West Kazakhstan regions). After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the following came to the territory of the YuUVO: from Germany, the administration of the 70th Army (merged into the administration of the district), and from Latvia the troops of the 84th Rifle Corps (military unit 73568, headquarters in Chkalov, commander Major General Prokofiev Yuri Mikhailovich - from 28/05/1944 until disbandment in May 1946), he is subordinate to 3 rifle divisions.