Here you can download the book for free: Petrova A. V. "Self-instructional book of the English language".

Description: The self-instruction book aims to provide an opportunity to learn English without the help of a teacher, within the limits that allow reading and translating technical literature.

The tutorial contains about 2000 words and highlights those rules of grammar of the English language, which are essential for the practical mastery of the language.

The self-study guide consists of 26 lessons. Each lesson is designed for 2-3 weeks of work with classes 3 times a week.

Year of issue: 1994

Foreword
How to study with a self-study guide
English alphabet
International phonetic transcription marks

Lesson 1
Grammar: Article. The imperative mood of the verb. Text.

Lesson 2
Grammar: Noun: plural. Adjective. Personal pronouns. Verb: present indefinite. Text.

Lesson 3
Grammar: The order of words in a sentence. Indirect case of personal pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns.

Lesson 4
Grammar: Possessive pronouns. Possessive nouns. The preposition of. Linking verb to be. Count up to 12. Text: London.

Lesson 5
Grammar: Verb. Infinitive. Modal verbs can. may, must. Definition expressed by a noun. Difficult words. Prepositions in. at. on. from. into. Text: The Docks.

Lesson 6
Grammar: Verb to have. The Present Indefinite Tense. Text.

Lesson 7
Grammar: Turnover there is (there are). Text: Seasons in England.

Lesson 8
Grammar: Interrogative form of verbs in Present Indefinite Tense. Question words. Interrogative sentences. General and specific questions. The polysemy of pronouns who, which, that. Relative pronouns. Text: In the Park.

Lesson 9
Grammar: Negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense. Negative imperative. Brief answers. Negative sentences. Text: The Three States of Matter.

Lesson 10
Grammar: Possessive pronouns (second form). Comparison of adjectives and adverbs. Participle I. Indefinite pronouns. Text: Bats.

Lesson 11
Grammar: The Past Indefinite Tense. Count up to 100. Dates. Text: The Norman Conquest of England.

Lesson 12
Grammar: The Future Indefinite Tense. Numerals. Article. Text: The Air.

Lesson 13
Grammar: Three basic forms of the verb. Communion P. Prepositions by, with. Comparison of participles I and II. Participatory phrases. Gerund. Text: The Air Around Us.

Lesson 14
Grammar: Passive voice. A group of uncertain times. Text: On the Bed of the Pacific.

Lesson 15
Grammar: Continuous Tenses. Complex sentences. Unionless subordination of subordinate clauses. Place of the preposition. Text: The Men Who Study Volcanoes.

Lesson 16
Grammar: The Times of the Perfect Group. Present Perfect. Impersonal sentences. Text: Power From the Sun.

Lesson 17
Grammar: Past Perfect. The future is in the past. Coordination of times. Text: From Autobiography.

Lesson 18
Grammar: Modal verbs and phrases. The ambiguity of as. Text: Follow North Star.

Lesson 19
Grammar: Infinitive and participle as an addition. Conjunctions either ... or, neither ... nor. Reflexive and amplifying pronouns. Text: Taking the Photograph of a Rhino.

Lesson 20
Grammar: Perfect long tenses. Turnover "Nominative with infinitive". Text: Second Sputnik Launched.

Lesson 21
Grammar: Gerund. Text: On Dictionary-Making.

Lesson 24
Grammar: An indirect question. Unions if, whether. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses. Turnover to be going to. Would. Text: The Discovery of Gold in California.

Lesson 25
Grammar: Subjunctive mood. Should. Conditional sentences. Text: The Discovery of Gold in California (continued).

N.l. application Key to test papers
Appendix N.2. Standard verb conjugation table
Appendix N.3. List of basic forms of the most common non-standard verbs
Appendix N.4. List of the most common service words

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Here is a revised edition of one of the best self-instruction manuals in the English language of the famous teacher and methodologist A.V. Petrova.
This course is divided into three parts. The first part gives an express course in learning English. Here is the basic grammatical and derivational material necessary for mastering the language in a short time. The second part contains training exercises and text materials to help you master new vocabulary. The third part contains special materials to promote the development of speaking skills. Each part is accompanied by an English-Russian dictionary.
The course is intended for everyone who is just starting to learn English, as well as for those who would like to restore their knowledge.

Letter, sound, phonetic sign.
Sound is what we hear; the letter is the sign with which we represent the sound. The letter does not always represent the same sound. For example, the letter b was in the words and the column transmits different sounds - [b] and [n]. On the other hand, the same sound is sometimes represented by different letters. For example, in the words of his and the niva, the letters r and v convey the same sound [v]. For the English language, for a number of historical reasons, the discrepancy between sounds and letters is especially characteristic. Look at the alphabet on p. 10-11. You will see that many letters convey several sounds.

To show how English letters and words are read, there is a phonetic transcription, i.e. a system of signs in which each sign represents only one sound. For example: in Russian words, the second and fluorine, the first sound is depicted in different letters: v and f. But the sound in both words is the same: [f]. In English phonetic transcription, it is represented by one character [f]. This system of signs is accepted in dictionaries with which you will have to deal in the future. You will find the signs on p. 12-14. Phonetic characters are usually enclosed in square brackets.

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Date of publication: 01/16/2016 07:20 UTC

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Vilnius., 1994.- 354s.

The purpose of the manual is the independent study of the English language within the limits that allow reading and translating scientific and technical literature. The lexical basis of the manual is 2000 words. Grammar includes those rules that are important for the practical mastery of the language (reading, translation).

The self-study guide consists of 26 lessons. Each lesson is designed for two to three weeks of work with classes three times a week for an hour and a half.

For people who are starting to learn the language on their own.

Format: djvu / zip

The size: 3.2 Mb

/ Download file

Foreword ................................................. .......................................... 3

How to study by self-study guide .............................................. ............... 5

English alphabet ................................................ ............................... ......... 8

International phonetic transcription marks ............................. 9

Lesson 1 .................................................................................................... 11

Grammar:Article. The imperative mood of the verb. Text.

Lesson 2 ................................................ .................................................. .. 18

Grammar: Noun: plural. Adjective. Personal pronouns. Verb: present indefinite. Text.

Lesson ................................................. .................................................. .. ........ 29

Grammar: Order of words in a sentence. Indirect case of personal pronouns. Demonstrative pronouns.

Lesson 4 ................................................ .................................................. .. 40

Grammar: Possessive pronouns. Possessive nouns. Pretext of. Linking verb to be. Counting up to 12. Text: London.

Lesson 5 ................................................ .................................................. .. 47

Grammar:Verb. Infinitive. Modal verbs can. may, must. Definition expressed by a noun. Difficult words. Prepositions in. at. on. from. into. Text: The Docks.

Lesson 6 ................................................ .................................................. .. 55

Grammar: Verb to have. The Present Indefinite Tense.Text.

Lesson 7 ................................................ .................................................. .. 64

Grammar: Turnover there is (there are). Text: Seasons in England.

Lesson 8 ................................................ .................................................. .. 73

Grammar: The interrogative form of verbs in Question words. Interrogative sentences. General and specific questions. Polysemy of pronouns who, which, that. Relative pronouns. Text: In the Park.

Lesson 9 ................................................ .................................................. .. 84

Grammar: Negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense. Negative imperative. Brief answers. Negative sentences. Text: The Three States of Matter.

Lesson 10 ................................................ .................................................. ........ 95

Grammar: Possessive pronouns (second form). Comparison of adjectives and adverbs. Participle I. Indefinite pronouns. Text: Bats.

Lesson 1 1 .................................................................................................. 109

Grammar:Past indefinite time(The Past Indefinite Tense). Count up to 100. Dates. Text: The Norman Conquest of England.

Lesson 12 ................................................ .................................................. 124

Grammar: Future uncertain time(The Future Indefinite Tense).Numerals. Article. Text: The Air.

Lesson 13 ................................................ .................................................. 137

Grammar:Three main forms of the verb. Communion P. Prepositions by, with. Comparison of participles I and II. Participatory phrases. Gerund. Text: The Air Around Us.

Lesson 14 ................................................ .................................................. 151

Grammar: Passive voice. A group of uncertain times. Text: On the Bed of the Pacific.

Lesson 15 ................................................ .................................................. 167

Grammar: Continuous Tenses. Complex sentences. Unionless subordination of subordinate clauses. Place of the preposition. Text: The Men Who Study Volcanoes.

Lesson 16 ................................................ .................................................. 182

Grammar: Times of the Perfect group. Present Perfect. Impersonal sentences. Text: Power From the Sun.

Lesson 17 ................................................ .................................................. .194

Grammar: Past Perfect. The future is in the past. Coordination of times. Text: From Autobiography.

Lesson 18 ................................................ .................................................. 206

Grammar: Modal verbs and phrases. Ambiguity as. Text: Follow North Star.

Lesson 19 ................................................ .................................................. 220

Grammar:Infinitive and participle as an addition. Alliances either ... or, neither ... nor. Reflexive and amplifying pronouns. Text: Taking the Photograph of a Rhino.

Lesson 20 ................................................ ................................................. 231

Grammar:Perfect lasting times. Turnover "Nominative with infinitive". Text: Second Sputnik Launched.

Lesson 21 ................................................ .................................................. 242

Grammar: Gerund. Text: On Dictionary-Making.

Lesson 22 ................................................ ................................................. 256

Lesson 23 ................................................ .................................................. 271

Lesson 24 ................................................ ................................................. 284

Grammar: Indirect question. Alliances if, whether. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses. Turnover to be going to. Would. Text:The Discovery of Gold in California.

Lesson 25 ................................................ ................................................. 296

Grammar: Subjunctive mood. Should. Conditional sentences. Text: The Discovery of Gold in California (continued).

Lesson 26 ................................................ .................................................. 310

N.l. application The key to the tests ................................. 323

Appendix N.2. Conjugation table for standard verbs ........... 334

Appendix N.3.List of the main forms of the most common non-standard verbs ........ 339

Appendix N.4. List of the most common service words ........................................... 344

Table of contents

ENGLISH ALPHABET 7

Lesson one 10

1. ARTICLE 13

Indefinite article a (an) [ə], [ən] 13

The definite article the [pə, pi :, pɪ] 14

2. IMMEDIATIVE INCLINATION OF VERB 14

LESSON TWO 17

1. Noun. Plural 20

2. APPENDIX 21

3. PERSONAL NONSIONS 21

4. VERB. Currently Undefined 22

"Dumb" letters 29

Key features of reading letters and pronunciation of sounds 29

1. Word order in sentence 30

2. Indirect case of personal pronouns 31

3. Demonstrative pronouns 31

Lesson four 36

1. Possessive pronouns 36

2. Noun. Possessive 36

3. The preposition of 37

4. Linking verb to be 38

5. Counting to twelve 38

Lesson five 43

1. Verb. Infinitive 43

2. Modal verbs can, may, must 43

3. Definition expressed by a noun. Difficult Words 44

4. Prepositions in, at, on, to, from, into 44

Lesson Six 51

1. The verb to have. The Present Indefinite Tense 51

2. Conversion 51

3. Suffixes -er, -or 52

Lesson seven 60

1. Turnover there is (there are) 60

2. Suffix -ly 61

Lesson eight 68

1. Interrogative form of verbs in Present Indefinite Tense 68

2. Question words 69

3. Interrogative sentences. General and specific questions 70

4. Polysemy of pronouns who, which, that 71

Lesson nine 78

1. Negative form of the verb in Present Indefinite Tense 78

2. Negative imperative 79

3. Short Answers 79

4. Negative Sentences 80

Lesson ten 88

1. Possessive pronouns (second form) 88

2. Degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs 88

3. Communion I 90

4. Indefinite pronouns some, any 90

5. Compound words with some, any, every, to 91

Lesson eleven 101

1. The Past Indefinite Tense 101

2. Counting up to one hundred 106

Lesson Twelve 115

1. The Future Indefinite Tense 115

2. Numbers 116

3. Article 118

4. Suffix -ure 120

Lesson thirteen 127

1. Three basic forms of the verb. Communion II 127

2. Prepositions by, with 129

3. Comparison of participles I and II. Participle turnovers 129

4. The -ing form. Gerund 130

5. Suffix -ed 131

6. Compound Verbs 131

Lesson fourteen 140

1. The Passive Voice 140

2. Group of indefinite times (Indefinite Tenses) 144

3. Suffixes -al, -ic (s), -ern, -ion 144

4. Negative prefixes un-, in-, pop- 145

5. Prefixes under-, over- 145

Lesson fifteen 154

1. Continuous Group Times (Continuous Tenses) 154

2. Complex sentence 157

3. Unionless subordination of subordinate clauses 158

4. Place of preposition 159

5. Suffix -ive 159

Lesson sixteen 167

1. Times of the group Perfect (Perfect Tenses) 167

2. Present Perfect 167

3. Impersonal Sentences 169

4. Suffixes -meat, -y, -en 169

Lesson seventeen 178

1. The Past Perfect Tense 178

3. Alignment of times 179

4. Suffixes -ish, -ist, -ward (s) 180

Lesson eighteen 190

1. Modal verbs and phrases 190

2. The ambiguity as 192

3. Suffixes -able, -ous, -ful, -less 193

4. Suffixes -ry, -ize (-ise) 194

Lesson nineteen 203

1. Infinitive and participle as an addition (accusative case with infinitive and participle) 203

2. Conjunctions either ... or, neither ... nor 204

3. Reflexive and Strengthening Pronouns 204

4. Word production by changing pronunciation 205

Lesson twenty 212

1. Perfect Continuous Tenses 212

2. The turnover "nominative with infinitive" 213

3. Suffix -ness 214

Lesson twenty-one 223

1. Gerund 223

2. Suffixes -ant, -ent; -ance, -ence; -ancy, -ency 226

3. ABOUT WORKING WITH GENERAL ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 226

Lesson twenty-two 236

1. Infinitive 236

2. Substitute words 239

3. Suffix -ty (-ity) 240

Lesson Twenty-Three 249

1. Participles (complex forms) 249

2. Independent participle turnover 251

3. Form on -ing 252

4. Prefixes dis-, en- 253

5. Compound nouns with the elements -man and -woman 253

Lesson twenty-four 260

1. An indirect question. Conjunctions if, whether 260

2. Future action in conditional and adverbial clauses 260

3. Turnover to be going to 261

5. Suffixes -an, -ian 262

6. The prefix re- 263

Lesson twenty-five 270

1. Subjunctive mood 270

3. Conditional Sentences 271

4. Unionless subordination of conditional sentences 274

Lesson Twenty-six 284

KEY TO CONTROL WORKS 294

VERB CONJUGATION TABLE 305

LIST OF BASIC FORMS OF THE MOST COMMON NON-STANDARD VERBS 308

MOST USED WORDS LIST 311

ENGLISH-RUSSIAN DICTIONARY 317

HOW TO LEARN WITH A SELF-TEACHER

The structure of the tutorial

The self-instruction book consists of twenty-six lessons. Of these, the first three lessons are mainly devoted to the sound side of the English language and reading rules.

Each lesson consists of grammatical and lexical explanations illustrated with examples, text with vocabulary and notes, exercises and test work. In addition, lessons 4-18 have an optional “Supplemental Speaking Material” section, and lessons 8-25 have additional reading texts of the student's choice.

At the end of the tutorial you will find annexes: №1. "The key to the tests"; № 2. "Table of conjugation of standard verbs"; № 3. "List of the main forms of the most common non-standard verbs"; No. 4. "List of the most common official words"; № 5. "English-Russian Dictionary". For convenience, the tables "English alphabet" and "Signs of international phonetic transcription" are given at the beginning of the textbook, before the first lesson.

Instructions for working with the general English-Russian dictionary can be found in lesson 21, and the translation tips that are given throughout the course are summarized in lesson 26.
Lesson structure

In the lesson (starting from the 4th), the material is arranged in the following order: 1. grammar; 2. word formation; 3. exercise in reading; 4. text; 5. dictionary to the text; 6. notes to the text; 7. analysis of the words of the lesson; 8. exercise; 9. control work; 10. repetitive tasks (to prepare for the next lesson); 11. optional material (for speaking and additional reading).
Course order

The material in the lesson is arranged strictly in the order in which it needs to be studied. In other words, you must first read the grammatical explanations, carefully think over all the examples and compare them with the translation of these examples, which is given on the same page.

The sections of word formation are studied in the same order.

The reading exercises that follow them must be performed aloud.

After that, you should proceed to study the text, which is the center of the lesson. The text should be revisited until the full assimilation of its content. It is recommended to first read the text to yourself, referring to the dictionary and notes, which are given immediately after the text, and returning, if necessary, to the grammatical sections. Having achieved a complete and accurate understanding of the text, re-read it again (preferably aloud) and translate it orally and, if time permits, in writing.

After that, you need to read the section on the analysis of words (it is given in every lesson, starting from the 8th), and learn new words. This is a particularly time-consuming but absolutely necessary job. You will find exercises to help you memorize words in each lesson. It is especially important to constantly repeat the words of the lessons learned, both by reading the texts and in all other ways. How to carry out this work is discussed in detail in lesson 6 (section "On memorizing words").

After that, start doing the exercises. Do them in the order they appear in the book. They must be performed in writing, if there is no instruction on the oral performance of this exercise. You cannot skip exercises.

Control works for each lesson are also performed in writing (except for those tasks where there is an indication of their oral performance).

Be sure to check the correctness of the control works using the key (Appendix 1) and correct errors, if any.

Before proceeding to the next lesson, you must complete the repetitive tasks that are given after the tests (starting with lesson 2). Along the way, fill in any gaps in knowledge that have been discovered.

The "Supplementary Speaking Material" section (lessons 4-8) is optional (optional). Browse it and choose what you see fit. The words found in these sections are included in the vocabulary of the tutorial, but are not considered necessary for further passing the course. For example, in the optional material for lesson 8, the word German appears German, but in lesson 24 it is highlighted as new. In other words, ignorance of the words in this section does not interfere with the study of the main material.

From the supplementary reading material (lessons 8-25), choose the texts you want. This section includes newspaper reports, popular science notes, anecdotes, poems, proverbs, sayings, common quotes. Choose what you find interesting or useful to read. The main words of this section are also included in the vocabulary of the tutorial, and less common words and phrases are explained in the sections themselves (in the notes or in the text itself).

For classes, get yourself a general notebook so that you can return to the exercises performed. It is not recommended to write on separate sheets of paper. Words require a separate notebook, alphabet notebook, or flashcards (see lesson 6 for vocabulary instructions).

When studying the last six lessons of the self-study guide, you will need a general English-Russian dictionary. Instructions on how to use it are given in lesson 21.

You will find further guidelines in the lessons themselves. You need to do it regularly. As already mentioned in the preface, each lesson is designed on average for two to three weeks of work with classes three times a week for an hour and a half. If you can do an hour five times a week, it’s even better. Remember, however, that these 4-5 hours of classes per week, you cannot make up for five hours of classes once a week, on a day off. Such work will be much less effective, since from class to class you will forget part of what you have learned and, in total, spend much more time.

Studying without the help of a teacher is not easy. It requires focus and organization. But you can learn a language this way.