CHAPTER 31

Pictured in 1964. Panorama of Sandy lanes with dacha buildings still preserved. View towards Leningradsky Prospekt. On the left is the 4th, on the right is the 3rd Sandy Lane.

For clarity, to imagine how the area looked before and how it has changed now (). In the memorial book of the Moscow province of 1899, the merchant Thiele Richard Yulievich (1843-1911) is listed among the inhabitants of the village.

Richard Thiele, a native of Saxony, is well known in Russia, a scientist, photographer, author of several books on photography, who made a huge contribution to the development of aerial photography and engineering photogrammetry.

As a 22-year-old boy, he arrived in Moscow in 1865 and settled in Leonova's house on the corner of Pokrovka ( Thiele himself writes Maroseyka, but this is not true, according to the reference book of 1868, Leonova's house No. 2 on Pokrovka) and Kosmodemyansky ( now Starosadsky) per.
View of Starosadsky per. from Armenian per. .Leonova's house - the corner house on the left (preserved). Photo 1913


By the time he arrived in Russia, Thiele had graduated from the Dresden Art Academy. In Moscow, he began working in one of the most famous photo studios, Scherer, Nabgolts and Co., and a few years later, in 1879, he opened his own photo studio at 13 Kuznetsky Most, which was located in the yard possessions of Prince Gagarin in the old chambers. In 1843, in these chambers, which received a new treatment and a portico in the era of classicism, a "Shop of Russian Products" was opened. The address of Thiele's photo studio was indicated in the announcement: Kuznetsky Most, the house of Prince Gagarin, where a store of "Russian products" is located.
Lithograph from the 1870s.

Kuznetsky bridge near the prince. Gagarin. Photo 1880 - 1885


For some time from 1882 until May 1886, a cool artist was a co-owner of the establishment here Opitz Franz Osipovich, and the company was called "Thiele and Opitz", then Thiele again became the sole owner of the studio.
A. P. Chekhov and N. P. Chekhov. Moscow. February 5, 1882. Photo by R. Y. Thiele

The house of Prince Gagarin was rebuilt in 1886 and in 1898, and in 1915. The Chambers, where there was a photo studio, were included in the current building during the last restructuring.
Modern view of the house and address; Kuznetsky most, 19.

In 1892, Thiele discovered photography and phototype. In early November 1892, he advertised in Russkiye Vedomosti: "The photograph and phototype by the artist R.Yu. Thiele has been transferred to the corner of Petrovka and Gazetny Lane ( earlier he reached Petrovka, also part of the modern. Kuznetsky bridge between B. Dmitrovka and Petrovka at one time was called Kuznetsky per.), Mikhalkov's house".
Petrovka street. View from st. Kuznetsky bridge. Thiele's photo was in the house on the left, now there is a road and a lawn in this place. Photo 1900 - 1904


Among the works made in Thiele's photo studio are portraits of Countess Olsufieva A.A. and Countess Liven E.A., mother of Andrei Bely - Bugaeva A.D., architect Kuznetsov I.S. and many others.
A.D. Bugaeva Photo by R.Yu. Thiele. Moscow. 1890s

Kuznetsov Ivan Sergeevich - architect. Photo by Thiele R. Moscow. Autograph 1890s

Since 1881, Richard Yulievich has been the chief photographer of the Society of Russian Doctors, and the photographer of the Imperial All-Union Historical Museum and the court of His Majesty the King of Saxony, as well as a member of the Moscow Society of Art Lovers. In 1887, he received the title of court photographer.. At the anniversary photographic exhibition of 1889 in St. Petersburg, the court photographer R.Yu. Tile was awarded the medal of the Imperial Russian Technical Society "... for excellent work in various branches of photography and its applications ..."
At the end of 1897, Thiele sold his photo studio and entered the service of the Ministry of Railways as head of the photographic topographic department, from where he was sent abroad for training for some time, and then participated in expeditions "to find railways in Transbaikalia, Transcaucasia and in Persia. Then for some time he lived in Voronezh, where he opened a photo studio together with co-owner Serebrin.
However, he never cut ties with Moscow. Since 1898, he has been a member of the Russian Photographic Society (RFO), whose meetings were held in Moscow, his books were also published here, in addition, let me remind you, he is mentioned as a resident of the village of All Saints in 1899. Also in different years he lectures in Moscow in Historical and Polytechnic Museum. And, finally, R. Yu. Thiele also died in Moscow on December 16, 1911, having lived for 68 years; buried at the Vvedensky cemetery.
Another resident of the village of All Saints was an architect and teacher, academician of architecture Popov Alexander Petrovich(1828 - 1904). Due to the fact that his biography is rather sparse, and the list of his buildings in Moscow is rather contradictory in different sources, I decided to devote a separate post to him ().
Alexander Petrovich did not have his own house in Moscow; in recent years he lived on the street. Mokhovoy, 26, in the village of Benkendorf ( not preserved), but he had a house or dacha in the village of All Saints, so he built and rebuilt a lot in the village and its immediate environs. It is about these buildings of his that I will mention here.
In 1881 -1883. he, together with the architect Kozlov A.N. on the outskirts of the village, he is building a temple of Alexander Nevsky at the Alexander Shelter for the crippled and elderly soldiers (demolished).
Church of Alexander Nevsky. Photo 1882 - 1897

in 1886 he rebuilt the refectory of the Church of All Saints in All Saints. Initially, the refectory had an internal structure unusual for its time, with four round pillars bearing cross vaults. According to Popov's project, the refectory was rebuilt, the supports and ceilings were dismantled, the walls were raised, a single duct vault was erected, and the window openings were shifted.
Facade of the Church in All Saints. 1886 Architect Popov A.N.

AT 1889 - 1890 Alexander Petrovich together with the architect Kolbe Fedor Nikitich erects a fence and an entrance gate in the Pokrovskoye-Streshnevo estate ( Volokolamsk highway, 52), located near the All Saints.

Entrance gate.

Part of the fence.

In 1891, Popov built a summer wooden lace club "Kukushka" and an outbuilding to it for officers of the Moscow garrison (demolished). Photo 1917


In 1892, not far from the village of Vsekhsvyatsky, he built a wide variety of wooden buildings - a restaurant, a shooting range, a stage, a bowling alley, rail mountains, pavilions, located mainly on the banks of the dammed Presnya River for the famous entrepreneur Charles Aumont, who rented for his entertainment establishments part of the possessions of the merchant Postnikov, located on the Petersburg highway - ( not saved, no photo).
And although these of his buildings - in a post dedicated to the projects of Popov A.P., I classified them as controversial, because. Muscovite and historian Romanyuk S.K. does not specify which, exactly, Popov ( there were three) they belonged, I still believe that they were designed by Alexander Petrovich. his previous work confirms this.
Another amazing resident of All Saints was Vera Alexandrovna Nashchokina, the wife of a close friend of Pushkin - Pavel Voinovich Nashchokin from 1834
Vera Alexandrovna Nashchokina(1811-1900), ur. Narskaya-Nagaeva is the illegitimate daughter of the chamberlain and privy councilor A.P. Nashchokin (second cousin of P.V. Nashchokin and the serf Daria Nesterovna Nagaeva.
Nashchokin introduced Pushkin to her in 1833. Vera Alexandrovna immediately became one of the poet's inner circle. Pushkin, in turn, considered her "one of the most spiritually attractive women he knew."
Nashchokina Vera Alexandrovna. 1840s Unknown artist.

In Vsekhsvyatsky, Vera Alexandrovna lived out her life, Vladimir Gilyarovsky recalls this in his book "Newspaper Moscow": - “In mid-April 1899, A. V. Amfiteatrov summoned me by phone to St. Petersburg and offered me to take on the duties of a correspondent from Moscow and manage the Moscow branch of the newly published large newspaper Rossiya ...
One of these correspondences of mine, printed with a full signature, began like this:
“I now had the good fortune to kiss the hand that Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin kissed.”
Yes, it was. I managed to find out that V. A. Nashchokina was still alive and huddled somewhere in the village of Vsekhsvyatsky near Moscow. I found her in the backyard, in a dilapidated outbuilding. In front of me on a dilapidated armchair sat a dilapidated, dilapidated old woman, all alone. Her son, already with gray hair, I saw him later at the races in a shabby form, was without a place and went to Moscow, and his children ran away to play.
Portrait of V.A. Nashchokina, All Saints, 1899

I described the whole conversation with her then in Rossiya, but now I remember only that she talked about unforgettable evenings. Pushkin always read his poems to her, they sat together when her husband stayed at the English Club. I told her about the celebrations of Pushkin. She somehow took it badly and only repeated:
- All Pushkin, all Pushkin!
Saying goodbye, I kissed her hand, and she said, raising her old eyes to me:
- Pushkin always kissed my hand ... Oh Pushkin, everything is Pushkin!
I sent correspondence to Rossiya, and the story about Nashchokina to the Pushkin Commission. The decrepit old woman was taken to one of the meetings, honored and arranged for her to retire.
As can be seen from the above, and Vladimir Alekseevich Gilyarovsky visited All Saints.
If Vera Alexandrovna lived out her life in the village, then another amazing person, the artist Kochergin N. M., on the contrary, was born here and spent his childhood and youth in the village.
Kochergin Nikolai Mikhailovich (1897-1974) - illustrator, Honored Artist of the RSFSR. One of the brightest representatives of the "golden age" of children's illustration (1950-1960s).
Kochergin Nikolai Mikhailovich

Nikolai Mikhailovich was fond of art from a very early age. In 1908 he entered the Stroganov School of Industrial Art. In 1918 he graduated from it. In the same year, he volunteered for the Red Army. In the same years he left Moscow, worked in Kharkov, Baku, and from 1922 he lived in Leningrad. Gradually I started illustrating books - through posters, monumental and decorative art, painting, wooden sculpture. N. Kochergin equally succeeded in both Russian folklore and the folklore of other countries. For more than twenty-five years, N.M. Kochergin devoted himself to illustrating children's literature. and, indeed, he found himself in it. Who knows, maybe illustrating these children's tales, Nikolai recalled his little Rolina - the village of All Saints.

We are unlikely to find out where Nashchokina V.A. lived out her life. or in which house Nikolai Kochergin was born and spent the first years of his life, no documents have been preserved, but both of them saw All Saints approximately the same as it was still preserved in the middle of the last century. Photo 1955 - 1956


Photo 1958 - 1960

Continuation. Part 32 (writing).

Other attractions.

The Sokol district in the north of Moscow appeared on the site of the ancient village of Vsekhsvyatskoye. Initially, Sokol was the name of the cooperative settlement of artists, built here in 1923, and then the name was given to the entire area. Since Soviet times, this place has been inhabited by creative intelligentsia, famous athletes and political nomenklatura.

Square on Sandy Square

en.wikipedia.org

Village of All Saints

According to legend, in 1398 a monastery was founded with a temple in the name of the Holy Fathers, which gave the name to the village formed around it - "The village of the Holy Fathers on the river Khodynka". However, there is no documentary evidence of this version. The toponym was first mentioned in 1498 in the spiritual charter of Prince Ivan Yuryevich Patrikeev, according to which he bequeathed this village with other lands to his son Ivan.

When the Patrikeev family falls into disgrace, the territory goes to the state treasury.

In 1602, False Dmitry II ruled here for a short time with troops and, according to legend, before fleeing, he hides treasures in the place of modern Sandy Lane.

Actually, the village became All Saints in the 17th century after, on the initiative of the boyar Ivan Miloslavsky, the then owner of the estate, a stone church in the name of All Saints appeared here.

After the death of Miloslavsky, inherited by his daughter and then her husband, Prince of Imereti Alexander Bagrationi, Vsekhsvyatskoye turns into the center of the Georgian diaspora in Moscow.

On modern tours of the Falcon, you can often hear that in Church of All Saints, located now near the metro, until the middle of the 19th century, Georgian chants and church rites were held.

Only after the serf reform of 1861, Vsekhvyatskoe ceased to be the patrimony of the Georgian princes, becoming a volost center. The lands began to be sold for dachas, where the military mainly settled. And in 1915, the Moscow City Bratsk Cemetery was opened in Vsekhvyatskoye for the victims of the First World War.

The village became part of Moscow in 1917. In the 1930s, the first tolleybus line and the green metro line were launched here. In the 1940s, the toponym Vsekhsvyatskoye was replaced by Sokol and Sandy Streets.

Church of All Saints at the end of the 19th century

en.wikipedia.org

"Sokol Village" (Artists)

Settlement "Falcon" (Artists), founded in 1923, later gave its name to the entire area. This is a kind of “New Moscow”, as architects of the early 20th century saw it. The idea of ​​a garden city, a green oasis on the outskirts, devoid of negative urban traits, was first proposed by the English utopian sociologist E. Howard.

The urban planning experiment in Russia was implemented in the 1920s, in the NEPman period, which was malleable to fresh trends. For the most part, the banal housing crisis prompted the authorities to create “garden cities”. At the same time, cooperative “Housing associations” were established in the country.

The decree, according to which cooperative associations and individual citizens received the right to build urban plots, was signed by Lenin in 1921. And in March 1923, the Sokol partnership was formed.

Its first shareholders were the intelligent public, some of which were densified or evicted from their apartment buildings. The cooperative was given a piece of land on the outskirts of the village of Vsekhsvyatskoe, and construction began that same year. The Sokol was headed by Vasily Sakharov, chairman of the Vsekokhudozhnik trade union, who was shot in 1937.

"Village of Artists" on Sokol

en.wikipedia.org

The houses in the village were created according to individual projects, and when planning the streets, non-standard spatial solutions were used. So, for example, there is a visual illusion here, because of which the streets seem much longer than they really are. This effect was achieved in different ways: some streets make a bend at the end, some break and noticeably narrow towards the end. So, Surikov Street seems long on the one hand, and very short on the other.

Initially, the streets in the village had prosaic names: School, Telephone, Cozy and others. The initiative to rename in honor of Russian painters belongs to the artist Pavel Pavlinov, a resident of the village. He chose the names to his taste, and in April 1928 they were approved by the Moscow Council. So, in the village of Sokol, streets appeared: Alabyan, Bryullov, Venetsianov, Vereshchagin, Vrubel, Kiprensky, Kramskoy, Levitan, Polenov, Savrasov, Serov, Surikov, Shishkin. And the "garden city" itself began to be unofficially called the village of Artists.

After the war, the land given to the village began to be taken away for mass construction. The settlement was repeatedly tried to be demolished, but the residents and architects managed to defend Sokol.

In 1979, the Sokol settlement received the status of an urban planning monument and became the third in the list of monuments of the first years of Soviet power after the Lenin Mausoleum and the Northern River Station.

Novopeschanaya st., 14

en.wikipedia.org

sandy streets

Novopeschannaya, Sandy, 2nd Sandy, 3rd Sandy, Sandy Square,- all these street names were given by the nature of the soil.

Since 1948, high-speed methods have been used to build multi-storey residential buildings here. It concentrated mainly on the newly formed Novopeschanaya street.

It can be said that the area of ​​Sandy Streets on Sokol is one of the first places of mass housing construction in Moscow, embodying the transition period from pompous Stalinist to "human" development.

Stalinka on the 2nd Sandy street

en.wikipedia.org

In the post-war period, when it was already unbearable to live in communal apartments and barracks, the issue of the resettlement of the people had to be resolved as quickly as possible. It was later, at the end of the 50s, that primitive Khrushchev-style panels would appear, but even before them, here, on Novopeschanaya, they would build houses for people, not completely devoid of architectural delights. Of course, a simpler facade decoration was used, the scale was reduced, but the basic features of the Stalinist neoclassicism were preserved.

Houses on Novopeschanaya were built in three stages and had a number of storeys from 4 to 9 floors.

There are speculations and legends that the sandy soils, from which the streets got their names, are not suitable for construction, and subsequently mass development can turn into a disaster. But Muscovites, and most importantly common sense, refute this assumption: so far not a single crack has appeared on any of the houses.

The street got its name in the 1920s, before that it was called Pesochnaya, both names are associated with the nature of the soil on which it runs. It was formed, most likely, at the end of the 19th century, as a passage leading from the Petersburg highway to the dacha village, and later, after the construction of the Okruzhnaya railway, it led to a crossing over the railway. After laying in the 1950s a new street. Alabyan, part of Peschanaya Street went to her. And I still remember the surviving part of the street with some surviving wooden houses, with gardens around them, in which bushes of bird cherry and lilac blossomed.
Today, the beginning of Peschanaya Street is hidden behind an arch along Leningradsky Prospekt; in my youth, public transport passed through this arch.

House number 3- former Sand Baths. The building was built in 1933. These baths are mentioned in the detective story "Last of all" by Stepanov A.Ya. he writes: - "You will not be forgotten, the Moscow baths of the war years. Hospitably taking Muscovites who were always freezing from constant hunger into your hot halls, you, along with city dust and factory soot, washed away fatigue and melancholy, indifference and anxiety from them ...
And you will not be forgotten, brown-green, smaller than a matchbox, soap cubes, from which the hair became light, and the washed skin creaked cleanly under the palm of the hand rubbing it.
Sasha stood in long lines at the Sand Baths. Queue for tickets. The queue for soap cubes. The queue for the dressing room...


These baths are also memorable for me. I was born not far from here, on the street. Vrubel, in a house without a bath, and before moving to a new apartment in 1969, visited these baths. It just so happened that I went to the bathhouse with my grandmother. As a child, I loved them very much, my grandmother spoiled me, and after washing, she always led me to the buffet at the baths, where a glass of tomato juice and delicious pies or tea with cakes were waiting for me. Later, in adolescence and youth, the situation changed, my grandmother always took her basin with her to the bath, and I was very embarrassed that my classmates, many of whom already had their own baths, would see that I was going to the bath, so all the time from grandmother lagged behind.
Soon the baths were closed, because. with the demolition of old houses, the need for them disappeared, but I still remember the times when there were so many people that there were separate men's and women's bath days.
House number 5- this school building was built in 1940 according to the project of architect B. F. Rogailov, it housed school number 705, and since the mid-1970s - the regional Palace of Pioneers and Schoolchildren.
View from Novopeschanaya Street to the backyard of Peschanaya Street. On the left is the hospital, school number 705, behind it are the baths. Photo 1948


The modern appearance of the building, now it houses a children's leisure center, in the distance you can see the building of the former baths.

House number 7. The years of construction of this building differ in different sources, according to one information (from here) - "The building was originally built in the late 1920s - early 1930s for the Timiryazev Pedagogical College (workshop of K.S. Melnikov). In 1937 the building is being reconstructed and rebuilt for the clinic of the Civil Air Fleet (architect I.A. Ivanov-Shits, N.V. Hoffman-Pylaev)".
Photo of 1938 from the magazine "Construction of Moscow" (No. 17, 1938).


However, in the old reference books for 1930 - 1936. such a technical school and such a polyclinic are not mentioned at this address, but the fraternal cemetery located nearby has the number "9", and in the reference book for 1937, the Agrobiostation is mentioned at the address - Peschanaya Street, 5\7. ( this is probably a one-story house behind the hospital in the 1948 photo.). Sometimes they write that the house of pioneers and schoolchildren was located in the building, as evidenced by the sculpture on the building (sculptor Biryukov), but in the last link, on the same page, another address is indicated - Leningradsky pr., 38.
Therefore, the most likely information seems to me that knowledge was built in 1937-1938, and in December 1938 a polyclinic and a hospital (hospital) of the Civil Air Fleet were opened in it. As one of the old-timers of the district recalls (from here) - "Aeroflot's polyclinic was built on the site of dachas (including several houses belonged to the Mikhailov family, the address was written like that - the village of Vsekhsvyatskoye, Mikhailov's dachas)", and the information that here once was the House of Pioneers, seems to me doubtful.


And the sculpture above the entrance symbolized, most likely, future aviators, especially since the hospital also had a children's department.

When describing the architectural features of the building on Wikipedia, she drew attention to an interesting detail - "The building has a complex shape with a semicircular main facade and a variable number of floors (3-5 floors). The facade plane has a vertical division of triangular blades in plan ... Above the side entrances located square clock, the arrows of which are made in the form of a syringe and a thermometer.(Need to check). Stairwells have comb-shaped stained-glass windows.

Behind the military hospital I remember this building so much) the Tarakanovka river flowed, I didn’t find it, but the wooden houses on the shaft standing on the opposite side of the street to the bus and trolleybus circle - I remember well, and they were preserved even when single-access high-rise buildings were built, and they were demolished only when they began to attach to one of them the building of the savings bank, in the late 1960s., and the shaft was leveled.


Across the river, on the site of the modern house number 10, as I suppose, was the dacha of Prince Mustafin in the 19th century.
On the left, house No. 10, behind the church, house No. 75 along Leningradsky Prospekt, the river flowed between these houses. Tarakanovka.


It remains a mystery to which of the princes Mustafins these plots belonged, since the name and patronymic of Prince Mustafin is not mentioned anywhere, I will indicate the most probable of them.
It is possible that these areas belonged tobook. Mustafin Fedor Vasilievich(1775-1845), in 1787 he was listed (12 years old) as a sergeant major of the Life Guards Horse Regiment, then a state councilor,parishioner c. Nicholas the Appeared in Moscow. In 1836 he shared with his brothers his father's estates in the Simbirsk and Kazan provinces. His wife was presumably) Daria Fedorovna, ur. Shishkov. And then the plots passed to his son (?) book. Mustafin Alexander Fedorovich y (? -1853), captain and cavalier. Father and son, both buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow, by the way, in the book of Saitov V.I. "Moscow Necropolis" they are referred to as the book. Mustofina.
Moreover, since 1852 on different plans and maps (, , gg.) Until 1900, either two or one of their sections are mentioned. By this time ( except for the 1852 map) father and son died and it remains unclear to whom they passed from the book. Mustafin, these dachas. Probably to one of the brothers of Fyodor Vasilyevich, and then to his children.
House number 10. A lot of articles and posts have already been written about this house, in which nuclear physicists lived, so I will write about it briefly.


Initially, it was planned to build a school on this site and in 1939 its construction began, but the war prevented it, the building was completed after the war, and in 1946 it was occupied. The creators of the nuclear industry of the USSR and nuclear weapons, laureates of state and Lenin awards lived here, in memory of these people a memorial plaque was installed on the house.

For me, the house has always remained a secret office with security behind barbed wire. You can look inside and find out more about the house and.

The rest of the modern Peschanaya street before its intersection with the street. Alabyan is built up with modern houses and is of no interest.
And this is how the panorama of Sandy streets and lanes looked like in the 50s of the last century (they are to the left of the overpass). Photo from here. There you can enlarge it.

About the part of the village of All Saints, located to the right of the overpass, I will continue my story in another series of posts.
Finally, in this part I want to tell you about another interesting person, about the Irkutsk civil governor (1806 - 1819), a real Privy Councilor Treskine Nikolai Ivanovich(1763 - 184), who lived his last years in the village and was buried at the All Saints cemetery.
Treskin was born into the family of a priest in the Smolensk province. After graduating from the seminary, he entered the service of a clerk at the Moscow Post Office, where he was noticed by the post director I. B. Pestel ( Decembrist's father). Under the patronage of the latter, he was appointed vice-governor of the Smolensk province.
After Pestel's appointment as the Siberian governor-general, Treskin followed him and received in 1806 the post of Irkutsk governor. In 1809, Pestel left for St. Petersburg with a report and never returned. Since that time, Treskin became the full owner of the province. His power lasted until 1819, until the appointment of the new Siberian Governor-General M. M. Speransky, who began the revision of Siberia. As a result of the audit, Treskin was charged with embezzlement, dismissed from service and brought to trial by the Senate.
Nikolai Ivanovich was married from 1795 to Anisie (Agnessa) Fedorovna Klyucharyova(1775-1819), daughter of the mystic poet F. P. Klyucharev; in marriage they had six sons and two daughters.
Wrote about him and his deedsin his book Remarkable Eccentrics and Originals, the writer Pylyaev M.I. I will give fragments from this story - "In the first years of this century, Treskin served as governor in Siberia, nicknamed by the inhabitants as the second Arakcheev ... This was the greatest original. He was not angry and cruel, but, like power, was very strict. All police it was brought to perfection, and in the whole Irkutsk province there were no robberies or theft ... The roads and bridges were excellent, the villages were clean, the peasants were prosperous, there were a lot of cattle and horses. No crimes were heard in the city ... Treskin and laws were synonymous.

On holidays, Treskin allowed the ladies to kiss his hand; of the men, only senior ranks and merchants of the first guild were allowed to hand. All the ladies kissed the hands of his wife and daughters.
There are many stories about his despotic power ... Treskin was remarkably active, he worked from early morning until late at night, he delved into all the little things. The city under him turned into a military settlement. They didn’t know when Treskin was sleeping: you could meet him at any time of the day or night, and most likely meet him where you don’t expect ... he went into private houses, noticed everything: were kalachi in the bazaar bad, was it bad pea jelly...
Treskin was greatly indignant at the outward ugliness of the city, and in three years he broke it and rebuilt it. It was a real architectural revolution, but he made it. Governing under the military governor Pestel the vastest province in the world, he had no idea what statistics were and generally could not stand scientists, considering science an empty and useless occupation ... he treated everyone like an eastern ruler, forcing even the vice-governor to give him a fur coat ... His large entrance hall was always full of official people - Cossacks, police officers, duty officials. The silence was complete... and not a single official dared to move his foot or cough...
Treskin did not personally take bribes; they were taken by his wife, in the Siberian expression, Treshchikha, who set out to collect for her eight children a pood of banknotes for each. His wife had a huge influence on affairs, she was always surrounded by young, beautiful officials, whom she called her “children”.
She handed out positions and took bribes on important matters. The governor, they said, does not take it, but Treshchikha "should bow."
The reception was as follows: buy sable fur from her. They bring the fur, bargain for five thousand - and the fur will be taken back, and the money. The same for the other and the third. This one fur was sold fifty times. On big holidays, on name days, etc., Treshchekha easily treated merchants, police officers and Buryat taishas who gathered on these days, played cards with them and, of course, won, not to mention the gifts brought to her and all kinds of supplies, delivered that day to the governor's house ....
Under Treskin in Siberia, bribery reached its highest degree. He had nowhere to put gifts from various companies and individuals, and Treshchikha opened a shop in the Gostiny Dvor, where the latter were sold. He annually sent convoys of all sorts of good things to be preserved to his brother in Moscow. Everything sent by him before 1812 burned down during the French invasion, but even after that he continued to send carts.
Speransky, replacing Treskin and his main accomplices, counted penalties on them for 2,847,000 rubles. More than 600 people were put on trial. Treskin was stripped of his ranks.
After his resignation, having settled in Moscow, he pretended to be a poor man, drove his daughters in hare coats and “out of poverty” even asked the sovereign for benefits through the well-known dignitary Naryshkin. But who then did not know about Treskin's millions ... There is a legend that he took out from Siberia pounds of banknotes in frozen sturgeon; they said that after his death in one of the sofas they found more than 500 thousand rubles in deposits in a pillow: they assumed that the deceased had forgotten about them ... "
Nikolai Ivanovich's wife died in1819, it was officially considered that she died tragically,being thrown out of the crew at full gallop during the return from mineral waters. There were rumorswhat she committed suicide for fear of exposure, and a dead body was placed in a wheelchair.
a little earlier news came from St. Petersburg that one of the governor's sons, still a young man, in excitement and indecent company, killed an actress with a bottle and was on trial.
According to Wikipedia, after his dismissal, Treskin settled near Moscow, in the village of Vsekhsvyatsky, where he died. It turns out that he lived in the village for 23 years, it is a pity that no memories of these years of his life have been preserved.
Yuliyam Nikolaevna Troitskaya, nee Treskina (1804 - 1845), apparently a daughter, was buried in Vsekhsvyatsky together with Treskin.

Continuation of the story about the village of All Saints and Sokol in a series of posts under the general heading "My small homeland in a triangle on the Falcon" (